The g. I. Bill of rights. Its the years after the Neoliberal Movement but i think the new movement is a warning. Its not an event. [applause] we will have a reception upstairs and a book signin signd the freedoms room so thank you all for coming. [applause] now on booktv we want to introduce you to paul marino of constitutional history at Hillsdale College and the authoh of this book but bureaucratic kings the origins and underpinnings of americas bureaucratic state. Professor, on page one of your book you write to the united thd states is ruled by an establishment in the constitution. What does that mean . Anyway it is a combination of the other three branches, and that is the heart of the constitutional problem. It was the most important structural feature of the constitution and in the 20th century we developed an administrative apparatus of the agencies and the Environmental Protection agency, communications commission. Most of this started with a new deal and they combined legislative executive and judicial powers and thats when madison called the essence of tyranny so that is the kind of problem that we face. Host so Congress Passes a law and Congress Finds it, what happens . E face. They dont legislate, theyon delegate. These people nobody voted for and are in no way accountable and Congress Tells them you write the rules and make the law. They give them a very vague aspiration. Then it allowed those people that are supposed to be the experts to make the rules and make the wall. Congress what they do is sit back and intervene in the individual cases where the constituents get in trouble with these agencies which is much more helpful to them getting elected and its a lot easier than the job of making policy choices and legislating so they are not doing the fundamental constitutional job. Has the increase in exports of, an implicit, has it been sl . It is coming in waves. The first was the progressive era Woodrow Wilson who was a political scientist had a theory about giving america a new style in the administrative state. The biggest came with the new deal after the Great Depression and periodically theres a reaction in the increase inriodl governmental power. Americans have second thoughts and ther theres something of aa conservative reaction. The next one was a Great Society in the 1960 Lyndon Johnson and obama brought in the fourth wave, the Affordable Care act and they are qualitatively a new step in the direction. How has this affected you and i and anyone else on this basisc guest its everything people make that involves yours healthcare now its increasingly dictated by the department of health and human services. If you want to apply for a job, theres all kinds of requirements and regulations and employers especially have to comply with all kinds of red tape. The compliance cost is growing. Exponentially. Education, schools are increasingly being managed and schools used to be the quintessential local institutions where americans really govern themselves and these are now being dictated by washington. So, every aspect of life now is being shaped by the rules andbyl wally people that are not accountable to them and think they know how to manage the lives better than ordinary americans themselves. Host you use the radio act as an example. Why . Hoover has gone down in history as a 19th 19th century american conservative has a progressive and the radio act which gave the federal Radio Commission according to their public convenience and necessity people got to decide the commissioners whether the public really needed a radio outlet. Previously the newspapers were regulated. So the radio ended up being a more politically manipulated form of media than the newspapers. It was no accident that newspapers worked for the new deal and the radio because they all knew that your license renewal it would be contingentib whether you play how the administration wants you to. What you have been describing as the federal government has it grown . The federal regulatory programs give money to the states the states are administering these programs so people havent noticed so much the growth in the personnel because it is being carried out through the agencies and by getting the private institutions to hire officers. The government made the enforcement of this done througo the state and private parties. What is the role of the federal register . It didnt start until 35 you have a Central Place for peoplen to go to to see what regulations there are and in the 19th Century Congress passed aress statute that would be three or four paragraphs or pages and th federal register is tens of thousands of pages every year. The record was about 80,000 in one year back in the 1980s and he broke that record in 2015. So 100,000 pages of the federal regulations. And the important thing about the, those are the formerly published regulations. They are not published in subtle ways they believe any official footprints in the record so the federal register is the tip of the iceberg and nobody could possibly keep up with all of it. The companies have to hire people whose loyalties is to deal with regulations in someo specific aspect of their business. In your view, professor, the state as you call it, could it be attributed to congress . Ta their dereliction of duty is an unwillingness to make the hard choices. Theyve taken the easy way out because the fundamental interest is getting elected and they find the system increases their power even though it would appear to people the delegation of the power is giving away something, its not. Its more powerful and more likely to stay in office underer this new system. Thats why the house has an incumbency rate. They have established themselves as pretty much a permanent clasd as well. In the 19th century when Congress Actually did its job there is a concern then that congress is interfering too much in the daytoday administration of government so we had problems on both ends of this delegating too much power and micromanaging too much. The book is called the bureaucratibureaucratic kings s and underpinnings of americas bureaucratic state. Paul moreno of Hillsdale College is the author. You can watch them on ourwants, book tv. Org. [inaudible conversations] [applause] good evening. I codirector the fall for the book festival and iso glad you are here. First call housekeeping. Cspan is here this evening taping so this will be broadcast later that will include question and answer session so please come down to the microphone some u. S. Your brilliant question you will be on the cspan. We will do a little presentation and try to move on fairly quickly but then we know why you are here well try to move quickly than we will have book sales and signing in the aisle lobby after words. Since this was a Study Committee in 1998 formed by the city of fairfax and a group of this year at mason and from the beginning