One third of all of the oil travels to the street. Another that no one talks about is the straight that goes to asia. What is the South China Sea double thats about to pop, these are major issues that are going on dalia so what has russia done . It has expanded its relationship and production in the middle east and north africa. For example, israel. The leave it or not i spent a lot of time there and people are shocked when they see that it is natural gas potential to become the world lng exporter. Guess who is all over it, the gas pump. Europe depends on energy and putin has finalized the new Russian Energy which is in china and the rest of asia. This leads us towards the twilight of the dollar. What happens if the petrodollar falls . First of all the cost will be lower than it did appreciate and it will cost higher and Interest Rates will result into the debt will be more expensive to service. Remember todays is more than 100 of the gdp and the poor will decline much further but that is a best Case Scenario. It can get a lot worse. As the markets could become significant victims of the demise of the dollar there are over 500 trillion in the derivatives markets. That is a conservative estimate. What happens to the derivatives markets that are called weapons of mass destruction of the petrodollar collapses it will increase major volatility and instability of the market. We already see the niche and setting up the currency where trillions of dollars and then on u. S. Dollar denominations are peaking demand away from the u. S. Dollar in fact a lot of people again 70 of the currency are held by foreigners outside of the u. S. Theres actually more in russia then there is in than there is in america. Interestingly one third of the u. S. Bank checking deposits in the u. S. Which works out to be a little over a trillion dollars in u. S. Are owned by foreigners. If there is a currency collapse based upon the fault of the picture oh dollar you will expect they will dump dollars and cause further pressure on the u. S. Dollar. What has the government done to prevent this . In 2013 the government made up about one third of the total military expenditure is globally a little over six under 40 billion. Remember the facts in the 21st century the u. S. Are involved in every conflict. That usually doesnt work well for the country if you believe in the trends of the past so what is the best Case Scenario if it doesnt change x. High unemployment, economic growth, rapid Price Inflation. The biggest loser in this area will be the middle class. You go from the middle class to the working poor especially those that plan on living on fixed incomes. The u. S. Or the eu or japan default on debt held by the foreigners. This would be the most interesting day ever in the history of the Financial Markets and we will all be victims. So how can you protect yourself from this . It isnt something just Hedge Fund Managers can do, we can all do it. To protect the dollar by a little bit of the physical gold as an insurance in case the u. S. Dollar does crash coming at you hope that you never actually use it because if it does go to five or 10,000 per ounce of the world is going to be in a very bad place. Diversify your holdings internationally for the younger people in the audience dont just have one passport or one bank account you have two passports, try to have internationalized assets. And most importantly we can all profit from the war by investing in Companies Run by the management teams who understand how to bring the modern Technology Test producing uranium fields you can profit from this. Theyve been using the profits to fund social programs. Its gone from 3 million a day to just about 600,000. Look at exxon, the largest is how much you make for the production of the barrel of oil isnt in the gulf of mexico or the middle east. Its actually in germany. So the these fields have never seen the technology. So it is going to take many years to play out and protect yourself is your responsibility. Thank you very much. [applause] bringing and controlling the Global Warming on the effects on the hydrocarbon fuel markets both gas and oil and lets change this overall picture . Lets take germany for example that is trying to be the world leader in green energy for the last five years yearoveryear the costs have increased 25 to the point that it isnt economic without government subsidies and as a result, the manufacturing is leaving germany and theyve increased their dependence by 52 over the last decade. So you look at the numbers we are about 100 years away from it. Its a great political lip service. They have grand ideas and talk about all these fabulous ideas. But we are years away from the enemy of solar being just might. I find that largest plant built in the last 25 years at this very difficult to make it economic. So hydrocarbons are here to stay. They consume about 70 and they are definitely going to make a big push for Nuclear Energy which is the cleanest form of energy. Baseload energy and the problem is that it isnt baseload. Solar, wind, they are not dependable ike cole, natural gas and uranium. Yes, sir in the back. Thank you for your insight and commentary. I have to ask about your opinion of the simultaneous decline of the russian stock market and the price of oil seeing you to back down it back down to the mid mid70s the praises of the little spinning out. Part of the cycle is between the great inflation you will have deflation. And the key is that saudi arabia, russia to keep all of the social programs happy happy the balance between 90 to 105 at the russian oil can be economic at 40. Its be valued more than the price of oil. That is an advantage to the Oil Producers because they have a depreciated currencies of it as an advantage. The side effect has actually pushed them closer to china. This is just the beginning of what weve seen. They dont care about obama or america or germany on the sanctions. They care about securing the Business Plan moving forward in the supply of energy. While the sector be able to still grow and fight the decline . Problem is after the first year of production you have anywhere between 50 to 75 . What the media says we are almost Energy Independent and the report never said by 2028 america would become Energy Independent so if they have been as 50dollar oil of america continue its growth and production . No. Youre talking about combining the barrels of oil at the equivalent of natural gas. There is an old joke about the u. S. Dollar tallest in a room of midgets and the problem is unless the u. S. Foreign policy changes and accepts china and russia eat whole telling them what to do and implementing sanctions you will see the rest of the world move away now. Where would you rather go. Until it establishes itself we are talking a few years out and there will be alternatives where the deck. You see 8 cents on the dollar of gross. So the financial heroine isnt working and working and weve seen most recently in japan even though they basically injected a trillion into the economy based on now say they are in a recession. So in the near term, yes its the strongest currency but things change and unless america changes its approach is going to change sooner rather than later. Do you provide some kind of recommendation. The u. S. Funded the site in the regime and people forget they took out a page in the New York Times saying this is foolish why are you funding the people that you are at war with and that today the usa and canada and its allies are bombing isis which were originally funded provided by the u. S. In iraq today. Unfortunately i say this is getting stronger and they joined forces with al qaeda. Theyve also been funding them, so what happens here . Until europe and america and the allies respect and recognize they have their interest, china has their interest and we have to work as equals to a moderate solution isnt russia its been expanding its military if you look back in the past 20 years, nato has actually grown and has been expanding its own agenda is to duplicate what happened in kosovo and to get a perspective of what is going on even the u. S. Sanctions today. Do you feel like there is a leader that is present and is taking the right approach . What is interesting as i am apolitical and i look at it from the investment perspective in the Current Situation in that the current reality i remember in the election of 2012 mitt romney said our biggest enemy is americas biggest enemy is russia and obama laughed at him and said that the cold war is over. So they stood up to the red lion and the rest noticed when the u. S. Has crumbled no one expected expected them to putin to rise from the ashes and do what hes done. Lets all hope that there is someone there. I just dont have the answer for that. Thank you for this presentation. I was reading in the Financial Times that russia has a budget of two and that crude oil has to be on the payroll. It was a very graphic image at the breakeven point for the other countries and there are two American Companies giving approval to congress to be about to export. The third thing is if china and russia are so confident that there would be a demise thats why in the 50 50 or 60 years you were so confident in the extrapolating so much into the future on the grand plans into securing their resources elsewhere for the different commodities why where they end up holding their own and where the foreign reserves you mentioned the other members thats very different from making an economic return on your oil so russia is a bit different than if i spend time and really there is no middle class because it is essentially glorified his aides and then you have the family thats very different from say russia were some of the other countries like mexico where where the state will companies you can actually, its a publicly traded company that the taxes were used to fund the social programs of the government. If you cannot balance your budget because the commodity that you used to feed your government is going down the price in and the general market because the commodity you were referring to something called the dutch disease which is based off of the strong currency producing the commodity crash you are stuck because you have to Price Inflation domestically. But its very different in russia the currency was overvalued and its a depreciated a greater rate so they are better off with the opposite of the dutch disease. Your government depends on one commodity. The same thing is going all over what started at the budget. Russia has over four and 50 million of reserve currency. They have over triple but the gold reserves under putins administration. You know where the largest gold producer in the world is . Its not america, if not nevada is china. Gold is money. Did you have a question to ask stomach with the decline of the influence on the Global Energy market do you see Something Like the Manhattan Project developing to replace certain forms of energy . Cynically talk about that in the book because to do with the Manhattan Project was today in todays dollars it would be over a trillion dollar investment in the government and it they really revolutionized it became Nuclear Energy. Obama tried that in the green revolution, the guaranteed construction loan. It was a disaster in the tens of billions of dollars so no i dont see that being the solution unfortunately. Just a couple of things to point out on the clarification looking at israel for a moment i was on the impression. If you look at the cost to build the infrastructure during obamas first term he never visited israel. They were there five or six times, so you see that when the collapse happened over three and a thousand jewish engineers went to israel and really the influence their base to quit the government and they are smart, educated and successful. So they definitely have their eye on israel. But when i went to iraq, we know that the military was there in 2000 and down saddam hussein. And he wanted to train the oil for the year rose him about u. S. Dollars. He went down after the new regime came in and there was no mention of trading away all on anything but u. S. Dollars but more importantly whos doing all the Service Contract is . If the chinese and russians, not the the companies drilling the projects. Good to africa and east africa and the largest Oil Discovery in the plan of the last decade is africa oil. This was all in in that company and it proved us now over a billion barrels of oil. Whos doing all the work. The north American Companies didnt win the contract because exxon for example in iraq and the kurdish oil fields open they said if you go to kurdistan you will lose your contracts in iraq they are possibly being the solution on the nuclear front. Is nice to have a solution to all of the chaos. After the first natural gas deal with russia and china before putin went back peeking over to iran and started the negotiations of the power pack into this past weekend said that iran has the debate could agree to operate on the eighth nuclear racketeers reactors. Just a point of clarification i would like to clarify one thing about the oil sector in iraq. As with any other Company Resources belong to the country, not to the region that happens to be part of the surface. Some of those oil fields are in the kurdish region of iraq belong to the country, not to the kurds. The law is quite clear about this. Those Companies Like exxon mobil who had advisers who encourage them to make a deal with the kurds because it is quick money and youll get it out through turkey they are very ill advised. How could the government rely on the oil revenues for everything clicks its a fantastic real field producing 25 or 30 billion but that three pipelines in northern kurdistan power they going to get the oil out. The plaintiff all of this is to say that they do not have diversified economies that rely on mexico. They are changing the rules because it even hasnt been successful. Just a counterpoint to your analyst is looking at the oil sector is doing into the country and its budget one has to look at the diversity of the economy to see whether there is resiliency that can move from one to another. Thats what we talked about in the book where i mentioned the foundation for the future plan is the resource sector, but you cant depend on it and thats kind of what he we explained in the book. [applause] stick we have time for books and signing, etc. We are wrapping up the questions now. Thank you all very much for coming and we look forward to see you next time. What i loved about the story is that it is a human the human drama. These dynamic characters are all rebels. They are all aware that they are throwing bombs and doing something incredibly risky and thats without any of them at all. Fullstop hard. The first we mentioned she has been saying since the 1920s but there ought to be a mirror called tablet. That is perturbed americo tablets that would allow them to turn on and off the reproductive systems and shes very specific about what this should entail. She is very specific about this. They tell her that its stuff of science fiction. The science isnt there and its illegal anyway. What company is going to manufacture such a thing and supports such research. So she keeps asking for years and years and decades every scientist she needs is interested in this area. What can we do. Finally she meets a guy named gregory was a biologist and one of the experts and reproduction. Hes been fired from harvard because he is radical and hes jewish, the time of great antisemitism and experimenting with in vitro fertilization and declaring that someday science will control the reproductive process and women would have far more flexibility when they got pregnant and men may not even be necessary at all and that scared people tremendously. He couldnt find work anywhere is anywhere as he is is that hes working out of a garage that he built and hes going from door to door asking people for donations and they say i can do a Birth Control pill and she is just flabbergasted that explains how it would work. And the woman already has a contraceptive in her body and when shes pregnant she cant get pregnant again because it tells the body not to produce more. That is the simplest way that he explains it to her. Great, what will it take . A couple thousand dollars. Well, then she goes out and find out why. Shes she is the third in my quartet and she used to fund the whole project. Shes a wealthy arab whose husband left her hundreds of millions of dollars and she said whatever it takes. She will build laboratories, the animals they need further testing. She will write blank checks. He needs a doctor that knows how to treat women because he is a lab guy said he finds a respected fertility expert in a country and get him to come along and agree to work with him so you have somebody that brings respectability to this and is willing to challenge the church and say no it shouldnt just be for reproduction. And these people really on their own with of course some others involved but really this group set out to do something everybody tells them if possible. You can watch this on the booktv. Org. The author of the resilience dividend being strong in the world where things go wrong discusses her book at the 31st annual Miami Book Fair. It is next on booktv. Good afternoon, miami. I am the dean of the Honors College here at Miamidade College and it is an absoluteure pleasure to be with you for the 2014 Miami Book Fair international. The book fair is grateful for the support of theboo Foundation American airlines and many other generous sponsors. Ik weve also like to acknowledge the friendsnds of the book faret i see some of you here today. Thank you for your generous support. [applause] at the end of the session will have time for questions and here answers. Hank additionally, the authors willus be signing books in the autograph area to the right ave where you are standing on line. S at this time i would like you tg silence your cell phone and a enjoy the program. It is now my pleasure at to welcome the chair of the miamidades n College Foundation who will introducey the authors. Thank you and welcome. What a day weve all made it oum here. Ot its an absolute delight for me to introduce tothe you today tot remarkable women and authors whd will have a discussion on judiths newest novel theion on resilience dividend. Judith is president of the Rockefeller Foundation, one of the worlds leadinge rethis g organizationso. Y its the provost of yale university. Shes actively participated in influential global forms including the world economicd ec forum, the council on Foreign Relations of the clinton global, initiative and the United Nations general assembly. E he in 2012, the new york governorhr named doctor to cochair the new york state 2100 commission onoc the longterm resiliencesion following super storm cindy. The pioneer innovator the docto, was the first woman named to lead the Ivy League Institution and is the first to serve as a Rockefeller Foundation president shes the graduate of theroc university of pennsylvania ande. Earned a phd in psychology from columbiaive university. Schol shes the author ofog more thanu 200 academic articles and has cowritten 12 books. The resilience dividend being strong in a world where things go wrong is the latest book fro Cyber Attacks to food shortagefe crisis to extreme volatility in Energy Prices we can no longergy assume that we are any of thee e worlds Wicked Problems no matter where we live. The face of extreme weather,wold rapids population shifts in tho new and challenging way ways the resilienceproble dividend devela way of thinking and practical tools for taking action to protect the worlds people and communities and shows us how to create a blueprint for change. Shes a manager of Washington Week and coanchor co. Managin editor with Judy Woodruff of pbs news hour, both of which air on pbs. She is a political analyst and moderated the 2004 and the 2008 Vice President ial debate. Eside shes the author of the book the breakthrough, politics and raceh in the agee of obama. Please welcome to the stage judith and gwen eiffel for a discussion on the book. [applause] hello, everybody. Heler you are justyb here to get out e the rain, arent you ask im going to start by asking you a question question other people havent read yet. It yet. What is resilience . We talked about the crisis as the new normal and it certainly is somewhere in the world at least once a week there is a cri storm or a new epidemic people monthsoreard of sixhe before the civil unrest, cyber attack and in this age of so much unpredictability into so muchd i trouble you, resiliences about developing the capacities. The capacity to be ready, to prepare for any kind of disruption of the capacity topod respond to that is to respond in ways that allow you to bounce back more quickly and more nffectively if there is ato bou description and capacity topacir revitalize so that if there is a blow you are developing the opportunity to revitalize, at apt and change. Youar wee need to shift our paradigmel and so we are very much focused, now the United States and around the world on relief and recovery and not enough on preparedness and readiness. Let me tell you one short storyd that will make the point about preparedness. Bosn f boston had been reducing for something to go wrong with with it as it is, to tack or violenta storm or flooding. They didnt know what it would id and of course none of us know what it will be so this is about readiness for any kind of of disruption techniques you better ready for any disruption. It was about the Boston Marathon bombing something that gives me even though we are preparing for somebody you are still completely unprepared. They brought together all the elements of government. They dont together communications companies,unprd, Transit Companies and all of ths medical responders preciselyanis because they didnt know what it was and they hadsit a plan so t they knew who was on first. It w. They had already decided that no matter the what happened governt patrick would be thet h communicators. App vernor they had already decided that the fbi was going to be thefbio coordinator. Teen in 19 minutes anybody that hadwh been hurt up to the hospital ant nobody died. They yot t used every event occurrine in boston as a chance to sporti rehearse. Fourth of july events, sporting teams that won and had bigeliaby parades. We see this in businesses, for example walmart has the goal ol increasing them Renewable Energy they were preparing for any kinn of description whether it is a natural or manmade disaster they would be ready. Think about the wordcing bac resiliency. I think of it as bouncing back. D it doesnt oemean it always haso be a disaster that involved . Though because this is about planning in case something goeso wrong. C not every disruption has togoes become wro a disaster. Videndth its the investment inhe nv oreparedness that pays off withn her or not something goes wrongg andh that is the ambition whethr you are an individual thinking about your own resilience or the company or member of thenkingab community were leaving a city. Ii there areence dividend payout fi these kind of preparedness inven investments. For example, we are worried about the economy. , there are all kind of amazingora new kinds of amazing new goods and services by taking thee ecom res oesilience framework. Acteistic there is one characteristic of the greater resiliency this greater awareness of the capacity to take in thei information so theres all kinde of really good investments. N i investment. I will give you another inf example. The city that we worked in theod sandy commission had for years l real problems with the recreational space and with with regards to flooding which was the big problem in the sandy but also very little parking. Ghat we are doing now isuildin building underground parking. The surface level dolby greenber space with recreation bike patht by running the trails. It will be garages and its running engineered with a new technologp that will allow those parking garagesag w to be water containt over the float tanks in case of in vlooding. You a you have an example in the book that involves super storm cindy and survived the flooding and the construction of oil supermarket did not because of planning. They knew that they were so close to a coastline and ofteneo they locate because they want tt be in places that are attractive and will draw clientele but their buildings have the parking at the ground level into thelt h showrooms and then the storagetg of the toplevel and they always put their generators in in the e middle. Thei the dividend is that they becam the Community Resource centert y kerry quickly because they recoveredbecame t so quickly. It and we looked at their sales ala year later and it was really clear that the dividend for the if they had been viewed as suchm a resource to paper no longer that they were no longer suspected as the bigbox kind of entity and they are a community of resources and they maintain that going forward. He some of the distractions thah you write about to do with wate and i think of katrina. Ut i that is the case, we would be hard put to say that the city w but is that the gulf coast mosto resilient or prepared. A spec that takes us to the second and third phases of seco building recently andnd how you si recover and then how you adaptor and grow. Ow you its very clear that new orleans it was completely unprepared and oa our work at the rockefellerwork Foundation Actually began because we intervened and helped new orleans built back byildbac helping them to develop theirp recovery plan. Walter isaacson was just here and he wass cochairing the authority and brought us into it we saw how dysfunctional the preparation was. But think about all of theout all elements that made them dysfunctional. A great tl deal of poverty, hout having the areas that werefloo vulnerable to the floodplains even as the leftiesn if hadnt. Broken. Very dysfunctional city government. Erty and very high rates of crime. It will be ten years next year since katrina and i was in new orleans a couple of weeks ago w andi they use their recovery toa revitalize and the most profound and really elegant way. E they took over all of the schools and the schoolsth p performance now its truextraor. Extraordinary. Iversifietheir theyve completed their tyrsi diversity that such an importane component of reselling it because it gives it you strength. So theyve now been rated bythea forbesv magazine and they continue to do that and finally, they directly focus as theyfod rebuild communities on how to communit build the communitytrusng c cohesiveness, more trusting communities, communities that trusted one another and communities that trusted their government. This pic when you talk about you diversity, you have a differenti definition that would leavety n mind different people when theyo talk about diversity. So it is both actually. One of the elements ofon resiliency. Out th we think about that as redundancy thats critical and , will give you another example in the book andample that is many e remember the debacle in 2011re when they were so unbelievably sheer. They lost 2 billion of Market Capital and they have many lawsuits and of course losttheyt consumer confidence. What was wrong is that they were relying on a single manufacturer for a Single Source of the fabric from a single kind ofrico riber. Offibe so, redundancy in that sense is really very critical but also his diversity. And as weve looked at thecri communities flourish even in the face of adversity and those that do not come often those that ara more diverse have more different kindsd of resources to call upon reso and they actually do better. Y ia so diversity is a key feature of reselling it. Is disruption effortr ultimately auption eve good thi, unprepared for disruption x. Unprepared for disruption because it often than doesptioni become a disaster that crisis is a terrible thing to waste, as trite as that sounds when there is a description its important to be able to utilize it effectively. A cri have a very strong tenden in the United States because ofd our legislative regulations after the recovery is but also i think human nature pushes for this to try to get things backbt to normal. We all want the same as quickly it as possible. It cant be thet be same or youe decreasing the opportunity to build reselling it. Because there is something inths what was the same that made you vulnerable, so we need to use those moments to rebuild more safely and effectively whether its a personal disruption orpes crisis or one that hits ouresses communities and cities and businesses. What if it is a different kinofof disruption and not a Natural Disaster in about a the bud a disaster of disease like we are watching unfolding in africa or bird flu fears. Flu how do you prepare for somethinu that you have never even seensen before . There are five characteristics. Developing the capacity to really be aware. To understand whats going on in the dsituation and then be able to respond to it quickly and effectively. Second is redundancy. So, became sure that you have the fallback for the number of capacities so that we are not relying on a single thing to succeed. Th t the third element is integration. We have across the systems e transparency and integration that will allow us to knowtion whats going on. Fourth is a critical one,al o selfregulation. We need to be able to separate out some thing that goes down when it does. We so, in the new york come a single generator failure to tell the electricity of all of lower manhattan. We are rebuilding back in new york with the smarts whichf al technologies are that you island or d. Youa network that which is scaling so that it doesnt take everythingd down. Thats a very important capacith that you shoulding down w and cd him and the final one isdaptab adaptability. How adaptable are you as an individual and being able is a city o great quality. S . So these five characteristics put you in very good times andvg therefore of all this. We can never know what the next next thing is. But it doesnt have the basic infrastructure that exists to begin to understand to have a ut iital and treated doctor and roads that will get you whereco you need to. To we work so much in africa ana to a variety of resilience wwo buildingr health programs. I would argue that he will bei d poor countries in west africa rt did better so the democratic republic of the congo did bettea and ipt was because they were able to have more integrated systems, they have far greaterot adaptability. Adaptality we saw even if they have Health Clinics one didnt know what a group of iowa wave is doing in another and thatone is true ino eyey were traced to beth contesting the Communications Patterns so they they were not resilience not because they wero poor but because they couldntri put these into their capacity. In japan as far away from the world as you can get from as africa, the ultimately theyly said that was was best for this sentence again. The disaster alternately wasstt conceded to be a disaster made inen japan because the leaders f problems. I talk about it and analyze it deeply because they had forln the first time a post situation commission. For the first time in the history of modern japan that they have ever been willing torn publicly analyze what went wrong so there is a wealth to of datad part of that they absolutely attribute topart their culture e acquiescing not being willing to call out something that goes wrong. The culture of not being able to be adaptable and flexible. Ei the kind mr. Of japan then went to the plant and started calling out rules and regulations and cl unfortunately a lot of the workers didntrule follow him wh is so counter to japanese wo culture. Ot i contrast that after theese cu. Marathon bombings because they b rehearsed that all he wasy supposed to do is be thee communicator in chief and thats all he did. He didnt go to the sites where he the hospitals. He kept digital wildfires from spreading rumors because he did from exercises leadership effectivelh but theres a positive there is a positive example from japan and i think it doesnt show thes benefit of the entities. Ota so toyota lost almost 700 plants either because of the earthquake or flooding. Three other has an amazing cultures and think they theyto ingl that we owed a production system, which in the good times really enables all of their employees to be entrepreneurial to make suggestions about new ways to make the product betters to communicate with one another they have a lot of redundancy in nother their systems. They didnt fall prey to thethed logic of only realtimealtime production or trying to tear down so they had all fivecharacs characteristics. Ckly they rebounded very quickly and revitalized. Lots of new models came out ofef that crisis and new kind of paint that they produced becaust the producers were offline for so long and two years later while japan was still reeling. Economically, toyota is thelate number one car producer butng isnt it a natural human instinct to not want to acknowledge the risk fax lei got interested in this idea early in my career and i would argue that weid need toi w acknowledge potential riskno potential failure in order to cope better and that that isttes something we need to teach our children to do more effectively. It is easy to learn how tosy succeed. Tarnhow its harder to learn how to fail. Part of reselling it building is learning how to fail safely andi not catastrophically whether yo are a person or a city or aityo business. That is in a way that this isbut all about. At so we are building core element of strength when we are building resiliencebco in people anddinge institutions in our cities. You mentioned the challengesa of government orbou political wc whatever term you want to applyl to this. Does the solution always have to start with government or does itrtwi do better in the private sector . I think that its all of the above and i would add a communitybased organizations, so the wonderful thing about building resilience is uniqueyod leadership on the top whether it is the government orhe the city see any leadership from the teginning. He bo the story in the surf club these are the group of surfers. Net o one of the beaches and they have a surf kind of clubhouse andsuf about Community Members were sort of nervouse about them. They looked like surfers, they were kind of scruffy in thesethy communities. Were when the storms hit they wereirt among the First Responders and often your First Responders are not the police or the firemen because they dont get thereeyo quickly enough. Gh. S your neighbors, the people down the street. Tndit is so, now they are integ into the fabric of the communit in such a phenomenal way and son the leadership emerges and that. Is a really powerful thing. And its not only be appointed withg the elected leaders and the senefit of that for the ongoingr sense of community that we havee been seeing around the world is really phenomenal. Ound t heres the thing as you all h know and i dont want to get you in trouble but the government work. Yulways after co really . Justmetimes politics doesnt doesnt work and sometimes the some basictime problem is knowledge r think its a Climate Change argument that we continue to have her out of around the world, not just in washington. I wonder how do you navigate data to apply thesew principleso like i did a briefing on the y th on thursday and as i said to the members both republicans and democrats they hit republican and democratic communities alike in the United States. There is no public in hurricane andr democratic blood. So this could be an issue that they really could agree to. Allyc they are aloso looking for very critical ways to get more bang for the buck. Many others that i i give i give into the car about but havingt multiple wins for thehaforth investment. We have spent in the last two years 150 billion on disasterrr recovery alone. Now, that is 400 a household. We estimate for every dollarsti invested in recently in the building, for we save 4 in disr recovery spent. It seems to me that its a very sensible argument to make to congress. But as i said often, the legislation starts with a build, back to the same mandate. Tion so, some of you may be fromuild eermont. B th vermont had incredible flooding inc in 2011 for two days and theyve rebuilt to respond to the fact that this kind of floating may be the new ball and so they builtey them back better than tr ever had been before. Fema cant reimburse them because the mandate from the act was they could only reimburse building it back to the same way that it was. So we have got to figure out how not only the mindset has togure change but our legislativelegisa action that could change. It isntsaid to them,ti a new stanza they are about to offer that the new transportation bill. Ut t the new highway bill. Ze there are more or less resilien ways to build highways. S tat we now have building materialsqy that absorb water more quickly and release it more slowly. We have pilings that are made from three d. Printing that then have action rather than breaking as an adaptive characteristic os reselling and periods over the name stand, why dont we just do it in a resilient way . Statically of questions for them audience. So before we turn to them if you have questions please feel freee i want to i guess after having the subject as you mentioned talking to the lawmakers and corporate titansia do you come away optimistic that they hear thiscommun message or pessimistic that its going to take a vital . So much of our workers with government officials closer to the ground. The mayors and governors and they really get it, whether thee are republicans or democrats orw independents. They have to prepare their citizens. To deliver servicesor is every day. Gov we see that mayors and governor, across the United States and world whooss thend wher t really understand this and aree building. Publicans they h wea have one quick story because the people before we go because this isnt only about having the capacity to do better. Its also about doing better in the slow burning stresses that are affecting all of our communities whether its inequality or poor air quality, data Transportation Options and the like and they build more slowly. An example that i get in the book is columbia which for years and years was known as the drug capital of the world and had one of the highest crime rates in the world. For the mass level government large. For me resilience also involves personal resilience and many of the steps that you mentioned are also steps on a personal level. There is another presentation that will be made tomorrow by a woman by the name of Rebecca Alexander who plays Peter Alexander of nbc, isnt msnbcs sister who is very accomplished because she has a retinal good journey of disease where shes losing her vision and her hearing and the book is not fade away. She talks about whats necessary for personal resilience which is not to look back. Can i ask you . Im sorry. Can you comment about personal resilience . There are important narrators about resilience. My answer is really to create and all of us more resilient people so that we dont have to build it only after we face adversity and there were numerous personal examples in this book that do reflect heroic individuals preparing and responding effectively but thank you. Thank you for this lecture. My name is alex and im an innovator in residence at sawyer university. My question is whenever theres a disaster social media plays an increasing role. There is all kinds of social creativity. What are your thoughts on building resilience in social media . I think social media and again i talk about several examples in the book can play a positive role or a negative role so in the boston example and many others we saw there was a need to be able to communicate effectively and quickly so that social media didnt spread general rumors in way that really prevent people responding as effectively. So thats the downside of social media. The Positive Side is that being all over the world often social media is an area that you can see a problem emerging and in the help example when asked about they didnt have very effective social media there were some there were so many other countries did and so they didnt have the kinds of Early Warning signs for a disease surveillance network. After the sars outbreak, and part of that is relying on social media as Early Warning signs of good things and bad things. Thank you. Good question. Hello i am ceo of United States artists and organizations that you helped found and now having worked with their leaders i believe they have so many of the characteristics that you speak of. There is resiliency and redundancy and im curious to know in the many studies in the book in the examples that you take what are examples where creative people and artists were called upon in ways that help bring greater resilience or responses to some of these examples . Yes, one of the great recovery and revitalization examples is the city of glasgow in scotland and they were kind of down and out in the manufacturing sound like detroit. They have revitalized and rebuilt almost entirely on developing the arts bringing more creative people in and showing the sign of innovation and revitalization that occurs when artists are using their energy and creativity in the community. I think some of you know that when i was president of the university of pennsylvania we worked very closely and reenergize to the very Disadvantaged Community on our doorstep. One of the first things that we did is as we were working on economic revitalization was the free space to artists because we knew if artists came into the community their energy and their creativity would help in the revitalization process. Then finally in february one of the things thats so interesting is when you go to the top of the hill to take a gondola down or one of the escalators down you see the people have decorated all of the elements. They have all become artists on their own because they are expressing creativity and imagination and exclusion in a way that they didnt do before. Its so beautiful to watch that kind of response. There are three more people behind you and if each of you can ask short questions and short answers we can get them on. Im Roger Bernstein from miami. Syria and the burden on jordan, on turkey, on lebanon. Wheres the resilience of how to prepare for that . Rockefeller has an initiative we launched at our centennial called 100 gazillion cities and i have to tell you that reading applications we have had 800 applications from cities around the world and reading the applications by many of those cities are receiving so many of those refugees and are completely burdened in terms of their own population, their physical resources, their energy resources. There are some cities that are more resilient. They werent prepared for refugees that they have more adaptive capacities than other cities that are going to go down as a result of the refugee overflow. Priscilla daines. I work a lot with professionals to deal with abuse. He said part of building resilience he is learning how to fail could you a little bit about the use and building resiliency through the parents and educators . Absolutely. I think we really do need to redefine what skills our Education System is trying to train for. Walter talked eloquently in the last session about science and math and all of those obviously im an educator and i believe that all of those are critical. But we need to teach our children how to cope successfully, how to fail more safely, how to draw outside the lines, not just are there are inside lines. Our Education System is often focus on learning how to draw inside the lines. I think that now i hope through this book in her other books that educators particularly in k12 will be thinking about that because we are losing our innovation and that edge. We pride ourselves on Silicon Valley and are amazingly innovative and entrepreneurial country but we could help our children to learn how to be better in invaders in the more resilient. I appreciate your continuing support. There has to be enough for definition of resilience. I promised you the last question. Bob diamond from boca raton. Wanted to say hello from nyu. She was a college professor. She was a baby when she taught me. I was older than the teacher. Im looking forward to reading your book and i would like to ask you what jurisdictions are basically adopting some of these principles text. We see San Francisco as amazing in terms of their degree of resilience and they are both preparing that they have used the earthquake is really a way to Start Building innovation. They share the lifeline council. They have all elements that are communications, electricity, and government are integrated in their planning process and now they have adapted because they are the home of uberand the sharing economy and excess capacity is another resilience feature so they have built that in. It used to be a bar crawl for the navy. Its now used to train all their citizens on readiness and preparedness. Its really amazing what they are doing so we see lots of back both in the United States and around the world. Obviously we think of the dutch as being quite resilient but they are doing it through hard infrastructure. I think what our work has shown is that this day and age when we worry about Climate Change and other issues green infrastructure