Ive learned from doing my interviews how leaders make it to the top. I said fine, id negotiate with him. I have something id like to sell. You dont feel inadequate now being on the secondwealthiest men in the world, is that right . One of the most admired people in the world is dr. Jane goodall. About 60 years ago she moved to africa to study chimpanzees, and what she learned revolutionized our understanding of what nonhumans can do. Today she is devoting herself to inspiring young people around the world to do much more to protect the climate and the environment for animals in africa and all over the world. I had a chance to sit down with dr. Jane goodall recently and learned firsthand why this woman, 89 years old, is still so admired and dedicated to helping make the planet a better place. So thank you very much for coming here and we are going to go through a lot of what youve done and the things that made you and make you so popular. On your last name, that kind of describes everything. Good all. You ever thought of changing it to goodforall because you are doing some of the or greatall . Jane we do have on our website good for all news because i truly believe that the media, we need to know the doom and gloom, we do. But why dont they give more time to the amazing people and wonderful projects around the world that you read and people will say wow, they did that . We could do it, too. David youve inspired a lot of people and no doubt a lot of people have read about what youve done. Lets go over how this came about at the outset. You grew up in england one year old, you were given a book or something about chimpanzees, is that true . Jane it was my father who i really didnt know because it was just before world war ii and he joined up as soon as the war was declared. But he gave me a stuffed chimpanzee. The name for the first chimpanzee born in the london zoo in the jubilee of queen george and mary, i suppose, and it took him everywhere with me. But people had the misapprehension that because of that, i study chimpanzees. It wasnt true. The chimpanzee, i finally saved up money, i had to be a waitress, we had no money in my family and we couldnt even afford university. So i did this boring old secretary course, that i got invited to kenya by a school friend, so i worked as a waitress to save up the fare. I would have studied any animal, i was 10 years old when my dream was i will go to africa, live with wild animals and write books about them. Why . Because of tarzan. David you did that 10 years old. You told your mother you would like to go to africa and see the chimpanzees and what did she say . David nothing chimpanzees, i would have studied anything. David what did your mother say to anything . Jane i attribute a great deal of way, and what ive done to the wise way that she brought me up. She was supportive. So when i set i wanted to go to africa, everybody laughed at me, how will you do that, africa is far away, you dont have money, it is dangerous and you are just a girl. Remember this is going back 70 years now. But my mother said if you really want to do this you are to have to work really hard, take advantage of every opportunity, and if you dont give up, hopefully you find a way. David so you save your money and you told your parents you are really going to africa. They didnt say that was nice to talk about but you cant do it. They really didnt care if you went. Jane my father was still away. They divorced, and it was my mother. And she just said well, stick with it. You know how many people have written to me and said jane, i want to thank you because you did it, i can do it, too. David so you did this at the age of 23. How did you pick which part of africa . How did you get to tanzania, for example . Jane my friends parents had bought a farm in kenya and while i was there i met the famous paleontologist louis litchi and he gave me this opportunity to go and study not just any animal, what the one most like us, chimpanzees. I would have studied a mouse if i could be out in the african village. David he was the famous paleontologist who more or less came up with the theory that humans pretty much evolved out of Southern Africa and he was famous for that. Did you get to know him . Jane very well. I told you i had to do that boring secretarial course. When i heard about him and went to see him, his secretary had just left and he needed a secretary. There i was, surrounded by people who could answer all my questions about the animals and the birds and everything. David so it one point you said i really want to jane go live with the chimpanzees. Jane no, i didnt. [laughter] as i said, you didnt say that, right . What did you say . Jane i told him i really wanted to study animals and for some reason although i hadnt been to college, he believed i could do it. He had been looking for someone for 10 years, he told me, to going to study not just any animal, but our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees. David so he said he eventually how wanted to work for him before he said could do this . Jane a year. David so he said youre going to do this, but that he give you guidance or tell you where to go . Jane no. He didnt have money so it took him a year to get the money. Tanzania, where the chimps were and are was still part of the british protectorate and the british authorities said we wont take responsibility for this young girl, but he never gave up so in the end they said yes, but she cant come alone, so who volunteered . That same amazing, supportive mother. David dear mother came with you to africa to study the chimpanzees . Jane she didnt do the study, she looked after the camp. David when you eventually do get there to live with the chimpanzees, you are supposed to live with them, is that right . Jane live with them and learn from them. David do you get a tent or something . Jane a tent. David are you worried they might attack you . Jane for me, we had an old ex army tent, mom and i between us. No nice mosquito windows, nothing like that. And i would go happily up into the mountains every morning following my dream. Mom would be left in the camp, and if you wanted air in that tent, you rolled up the side flaps and tied them with tape and in came air, but also scorpions, spiders, snakes, which i didnt mind, but poor mom. [applause] david you set up a tent. How did you engage the chimpanzees, how did you get close to them . How did you not worry about them attacking you . Jane with great difficulty. For four of those months, they ran away as soon as they saw me. I new given time that i could win their trust, but did i have the time . Days turned to weeks turned to months and it was wonderful because what mom did, she boosted my morale. She said with your binoculars, we will see how chimpanzees Wander Around by themselves in small groups, they groups. Your learning about the courts they make, the food they eat, how they make nests at night. She really helped to boost my morale. David so you werent trained as a scientist so you use your powers of observation to see what they were doing. Jane yes, and my inborn love of animals, my curiosity, my fascination. He never even visited. David so when you go to see the chimpanzees, you first engage them, do you give them some food or something to kind of befriend them . Jane no, i just tried to get them used to be. It was very sad, it was just two weeks after mom left i saw this one famous chimpanzee, very handsome, i call him david. He was the first one to lose his fear and on this special day i saw him using grass stems to fish termites from their nests. David does it get lonely out there, just you and the chimpanzees . No cell phones, no anything. Jane we didnt have lab computers at that time. David what did you do all day, just look at the chimpanzees . Jane try to get close. When possible, i watched through my binoculars. If they nested, i would go back to have supper with mom, then i would go back up so i continue them in the morning. And i was scared of leopards, and i would hear them at night when i was out there alone with my little blanket, and i would hear the leopards hunting sound and they would pull the blanket over my head. David did you ever say to myself how do i get myself into this, or did you always say i doing this . Jane no, i was following my dream. They were the best days of my life. David so eventually, you go back to him and give him a report on what youve learned, and in that report you kind of change the perception around the world of chimpanzees, because people thought at that time, as i understand it, that chimpanzees are not capable of making tools, only humans could do that. David jane right. David and you discover that they make tools for what purpose . Jane fishing for termites, crumpling leaves to get water from a hollow in a tree that they can reach with their limbs. David did you ever eat the termites yourself, are they tasty . Jane well i had to eat one just to say i had done so. [applause] [laughter] [laughter] david so people said how can this woman not trained as a scientist come up with discovery that we, famous scientists, didnt know about . Jane they were extremely arrogant, most of them. They were saying things like well, shes just a girl, shes straight out from england, why should we believe for . One of them even said maybe she taught the chimps to use tools, which as they were running away at the time david so eventually National Geographic decides to get a photographer to come over. Jane National Geographic came after he approached them and they said we will fund her research after six months money runs out. Jane National Geographic was able to get people interested in this for what reason . Jane this is what the scientists said. The scientists said the geographic is giving her money because they can put her on the cover because shes got nice legs. [laughter] if that would happen today there would be a lawsuit. Back then, i just thought well. It was a different world back then and i thought well, if my legs have got me the money to do what i want to do, thank you, legs. [applause] david National Geographic sent a photographer over, they took the pictures and became a famous article, and then you became pretty well known. Did you decide to go back to england and do something else, get your phd . Jane no. He wrote to me and said i picked you because you had not been to university in your brain wasnt fluttered out with the very arrogance way that scientists treated animals back then. But he said now i want you to be respected by other scientists, so you must get a degree but we dont have time for an undergraduate degree. Ive got you a place at Cambridge University in england to do a phd in ecology. I didnt know what that meant. The study on behavior. David so you skip the undergraduate part and you got a phd. Jane i was very, very nervous. You can imagine, ive never been to college. Just imagine what i felt like when i was told by the scientists, well, first of all, you shouldnt have given the chimpanzees names. If you are a proper scientist, you give the numbers. Then they said you cant talk about their personalities, their minds, for their emotions, those are unique to us. They also said you must not have empathy with your subjects because a good scientist is objective and if you have empathy, you cant be objective, which is rubbish. David so you got your phd. Did you say now im going to teach at cambridge ready to go back to africa . Jane i was going back in between because there was still learning. We are still learning after 63 years. David chimpanzees, he discovered, are not quite as nice as you want them to be. They kill each other, is that right . Jane the males are territorial and if they see an individual from a neighboring community, communities are about 50, that is individual that will probably die. David when you go back to england, come back, they recognize you . Jane o, yeah. David how did they befriend you, did they bring you a gift or bring you something . Jane i never wanted that kind of relationship. Diane phosphate with the guerrillas, she did. But i wanted to watch their behavior as it is, without me being in the picture. David so for many years were living in africa. No electricity, no cell phone, no television, none of the important things you need in life to get by. Jane they are not important at all. [applause] david so obviously they can talk to each other, but is it possible that humans can convey some type of language to chimpanzees or teach them how to add . Wasnt that when you were working on it one point, teaching them words . Jane i never have, the chimpanzees have been taught sign language and they can learn up to about several hundred words that deaf people use. From that, you can learn fascinating things. For example, some pinch, these chimpanzees learn to paint or draw. Not all of them, and these are captive ones, of course, but one young chimpanzee, she was four years old and she used to fill her cage with lovely lines of different colors and on this occasion she made a drawing like that and so her teacher handed the paper back and signed finish. So the chimpanzee looked at it and handed it and handed back and said finish. So this went on about two times, and then the teacher had the brains to say what is it . In the chimpanzee signed back a bull. What has the chimp done . About. And that gives you a whole new feeling of looking at the world through the eyes of a chimp. She is drawing the movement. David why do you think people are so fascinated by what you have achieved in your life . When you were doing this, you didnt do this for a claim, we were doing it because you were interested but it turns out the world is fascinated by what youve done with your life. Why do you think that is . Do people love chimpanzees or like the dedication youve shown or did they just mired your courage to do this . Why do you think you are so beloved . Jane i think you should ask somebody else. [laughter] you know, some people are fascinated by the chimps, children. Some people love it that i was a woman. I think of myself as a human, i dont care about the mail female bit. David so you think a man could have on this better than you did this . No. Jane there are amazing male people studying apes, but it just happened it was me. David a lot of people want to kind of chill out a little bit relaxed, maybe spend time with their grandkids. You are not slowing down any. Jane i truly feel that i was put on this planet with a mission. And right now the mission is to give people hope. David most of your life you devoted to the study of chimpanzees, but in recent years you created an institute, the Jane Goodall Institute. What is that designed to do . Jane that was started in 1977, when by then i had a Little Research station, and four of my students were kidnapped and everything shut down, so some friends of mine said well, lets start in institute so that this research can carry on. Bless them. That was 1977, and it was set up to study and conserve chimpanzees and other animals and educate. And it has developed since then, so weve got 27 Jane Goodall Institute around the world, and then i realized at some point that people living, the African People living in and around chimpanzee habitats right across africa were struggling to survive. It was crippling poverty, lack of health and education, moving deeper into the forest, being exposed to diseases like ebola and hiv from the chimpanzees, and vice versa. And suddenly it hit me, if we dont help these people to find ways of making a living without destroying their environment, we cant conservation wont work. David so you devoted a large part of the Goodall Institute for Climate Change and conservation, is that right . Jane absolutely. Right now, we face these two existential threats, dont we . Climate change, which has changed weather patterns around the world. We had the flooding yesterday, table four yesterday. Loss of biodiversity, and what people dont realize, we are not only part of the natural world, even though with our cell phones and Virtual Reality we feel divorced from nature, but we depend on it for food, water, clothing. Everything. But what we depend on is healthy ecosystems. And an ecosystem is this magical mix of plants and animals, each with their own role to play. So if you think of it as a beautiful tapestry, every time a species goes from there tapestry it is like pulling a thread until the tapestry hangs in tatters. And then the ecosystem will collapse. And it is happening. David you have a fairly exhausting schedule going from event to event, but how frequently do you get back to africa, every couple of weeks . Jane twice a year because my family is there, partly, but we also have a big sanctuary for orphaned chimps in congo, another one in south africa. There is one in uganda. I need to go back there. I need to give support to the staff there. Gone be likely my family, my grandchildren can come with me. David but if you go back now and you want to look for some chimpanzees, when you find some who already knew you and with their recognize you still . Jane there is still one mother and her daughter that i knew. Since i only go back three or four days at a time, i dont know the new ones. I dont know the children and the young ones, but gremlin i knew intimately. David you are a nine years old, is that right . Jane 89, yeah. David a lot of people when they turn 89 they want to kind of chill out a little bit and relax, maybe spend time with the grandkids or something, great grandkids. Youre not slowing down at all. Are you sitting on the beach anywhere, going to palm beach or something . Jane how can i . This may sound weird to you, but i truly feel that i was put on this planet with a mission. And right now the mission is to give people hope because if you dont have hope, you give up, you become apathetic and nothing, and then we are doomed. It our young people give up, we are doomed. So ok, i dont know how many years i have left, but when i was young i had this time and now i am coming up toward whenever the end is. Could be one year, could be five years, could be 10, could be 20, i dont know. I am getting closer, so i have to speed up because there is so much i still have to do. Give into the rhythm of the islands and delight in a caribbean state of mind. Visit sandals. Com or call 1800 sandals. Sonali hi, im sonali basak, and this is the next big risk. Investing is a business of managing risk for the longterm. And in a year where recession fears abound, a war in ukraine rages for a second year, and geopolitical tensions across the globe are boiling under the surface, three wall street veterans look five to 10 years out on where wealth could be destructed even further