Moments before this image was captured, this man injected a 92 year old with a fake covid vaccine. He claimed to be from the nhs. And then administered a jab in the arm, what has been described as a dart like instrument, charged £160, took the money from the lady and then disappeared. And just to add insult to that injury, then reattended several days later to try to solicit an extra £100. So this has been a horrendous experience for the victim. Its not known what was injected into the pensioner, but a hospital check found her unharmed. This is an absolutely disgusting crime. Its utterly unacceptable, assault, fraud and it will not be tolerated. We will do everything we can to try to track down and catch this person before they carry out this offence on anyone else. Its thought over £22 million has been lost to covid related scams. These images show a makeshift Laboratory Set up in a kitchen in west sussex. Fake covid cures had been made and sold to people in america and france. But frank ludlow was caught in his local post office as he tried to send more. He was convicted injuly. How significant a problem is this . I mean, how many fraudsters are there trying to cash in on the crisis . I mean, its extensive. So, just since the first lockdown in march, weve had about half a Million People come to us with advice online, its doubled since october, the number of people coming directly to us. Its notjust a small group. One in three people in our research have been targeted by some form of covid related scams since the pandemic began. Today, police advised that no one from official Vaccination Programmes will ever turn up unannounced. They will never ask for bank details. And no one will ever be charged for the vaccine. But with the Vaccination Programme rolling out across the country, today there is a warning. Beware the criminals trying to exploit those who desperately want protection from the deadly virus. Jane mccubbin, bbc news. Now on bbc news, in this edition of witness history, we look back at some of our most memorable recent stories, including the man who invented the polio vaccine and how hiroshimas trees became a symbol of survival. Hello, and welcome to witness history in nairobi, with more remarkable moments from the past as told by the people who were there. And today, we present five of our most memorable recent stories. Coming up, how hiroshimas trees became a symbol of survival. Plus, revealing the truth about a civil war atrocity in el salvador. The algerians who fought with france against independence. And the man who invented the revolutionary prosthetic leg. But first, with a remarkable global effort to create covid i9 vaccines, we look back at a previous world changing vaccination breakthrough. In 1955, a group of us scientists led by drjonas salk announced the discovery of the first polio vaccine that saved millions from death and disability. His son, dr peter salk, spoke to us about his fathers extraordinary achievement. Back in the 19505, people were overjoyed at the fact that here is a vaccine that is going to protect us from this terrible, frightening scourge. Polio is a disease thats caused by a virus that gets into a persons mouth. The virus grows in the intestinal tract and then gets into the bloodstream, from which it moves to the brain and the spinal cord, kills the nerve cells that signal the muscles when to move, and because of that, causes paralysis in the muscles. My father, when he was young, just knew that he wanted to do something to help humanity. The vision that he had at that point was that he would then go into medicine. He got a knock on the door from the National Foundation for infantile paralysis. Would you be willing to participate in a typing programme to determine how many different immunological types of polio virus there are . My father leapt at the opportunity. This would be drudgery, in terms of the kind of work that was done, but it was an opportunity of creating a vaccine against polio. The worst year was 1952. There were 58,000 cases of polio. And nobody would ever know when was an epidemic going to come . Where was it going to strike . This disease caused a huge amount of fear. And there was a lot of pressure. Every year, there were these devastating epidemics. First, there were the studies that were done in animals in the labratory, that all pointed in the right direction. Then my father undertook some preliminary tests in children who were at the watson home for crippled children outside of pittsburgh. These were kids who had already been affected by polio. The early studies had gotten far enough that he knew that this vaccine was going to work. The day that he came home from his Office Bearing syringes and needles which he boiled on the stove in one of our kitchen pots to sterilise, loaded up the experimental polio vaccine that he was working on and then lined us kids up and administered the injections. Im must say to you i have no words in which adequately to express the thanks of myself, all the people i know and all 164 million americans, to say nothing of all the other people in the world who will profit from your discovery. I am very, very happy. There was absolute jubilation. Literally church bells rang, factory whistles blew. It was just such a relief. The polio vaccine had a huge impact on society. Weve moved into a situation where people are feeling what dangers vaccines might have in and of their own right. Its important to be aware of problems that can take place with vaccines, but its disadvantageous teaches to be so hyper reactive to the whole notion of vaccination that the baby gets thrown out with the bathwater. Dr peter salk on a vaccine that changed the world. Now, 75 years ago, in 1945, the first atomic bomb was dropped on the japanese city of hiroshima. Hundreds of thousands of people were killed and injured, yet, amid the devastation, remarkably, some trees in the city survived, and they have since become a symbol of hope and recovery around the world. Translation these are the real witnesses. These trees have seen everything. Explosion. Translation at 8 15am on august the 6th 1945, enola gay, the american bomber plane, dropped an atomic bomb on hiroshima. It exploded 600 metres above the hospital. It didnt explode on the ground, but in the air. Ive heard that the bomb was dropped from this height to kill as many people as possible. The radiation burnt all living things in hiroshima, particularly in the two kilometre radius of the epicentre. People were burnt alive. This garden is about 1. 5 kilometres from the epicentre of the bomb. I heard from many people that at the time there was no colour in hiroshima. There was only black, white or grey. Some people said that no plants would grow here for the next 75 years. And everybody believed that rumour. They thought this town was dead. At the time, the trees looked like charcoal. A stick of charcoal, like this. But on some of the trees, buds emerged. When people saw that the green buds had come out, they thought they could survive as well. It was comforting. Icanjust imagine the vividness of the tiny green bud in that colourless world. It must have given people some comfort and hope. My friend and i established the green legacy hiroshima project as co founders. Green legacy hiroshima tries to plant the seedlings of these trees in places with nuclear power, places under the Nuclear Umbrella and those places that have experienced various natural disasters. We hope the trees can deliver the message that we as people have the power to recover and survive. Trees have a magical power to tell each person what they need to hear. They speak to each human being as well as the whole of humankind across the world. That was the co founder of green legacy hiroshima. What a remarkable story. And now a story about the daring to speak the truth to power. In the 1980s, el salvador was in the grip of a civil war. Rebels were fighting against a us backed military regime. One night in 1989, sixjesuit priests were dragged from their beds and murdered, along with a housekeeper and her teenage daughter. The government blamed the rebels, but one woman risked her life to tell the world what really happened. The priests funeral took place at the university where they were murdered. They were el salvadors leading left wing intellectuals. Thousands came to mourn, not just for the dead men, but because theyd symbolised the hope that el salvador might become a country one day where power came from the ballot box and not from the barrel of a gun. Translation the priests were always on the side of the poor. Thats how they were. It still hurts to remember them and to remember what happened. I will keep telling this story until my dying days. I can never forget it. The Government Troops are fighting the biggest guerrilla offensive since 1981. The rebels appear to have moved into the capital in force and have held positions for more than 12 hours. Translation there were soldiers and rebels shooting all over the place. We couldnt go out, and food and water were running low. I was very iieivous. I worked as a cleaner at the jesuit university. I called one of the priests and asked if we could come and shelter on the campus with my husband and daughter. He said, yes, of course, come. It all happened just after midnight. We were awoken by the sound of gunfire near the entrance to the university. I got up and went to an open window to look out. I could see the shadows of men by the entrances to the rooms where the priests slept. They were soldiers. I heard one of the priests calling out that it was an injustice, a disgrace. Then i heard shouting and more shooting. After that, there wasjust silence. The killing that has caused the greatest outrage is the murder of the six catholic priests dragged from their beds and shot yesterday morning. Translation in the morning, we went to see what had happened. Even from a distance, you could see the bodies of the priests laid out on the grass. In a small side room, there were two women lying dead in an embrace, full of bullets. They were the housekeeper and her daughter. The soldiers didnt want to leave any witnesses. The government said it was the guerrillas who killed them. But i said, no, it was the army, and that id seen the soldiers. They didnt like me saying that. After that, i was taken with my husband and daughter to the airport and put ona plane. The jesuits said that they couldnt protect me in el salvador. When i got to miami, i was interviewed for a week by the fbi. They wanted me to change my story. Eventually, i told them, you can believe me or not. I really dont care. I guess that i was there for a reason that night. Another person might have kept quiet and not spoken out. But as god says, you have to do something in this life. And i did something. What a remarkable woman. Two soldiers were eventually prosecuted for the murder, but were later released under an amnesty law. Remember you can watch witness history every month on the bbc news channel or you can catch up on all ourfilms on our online archive. Just search for bbc witness history. Next, a part of african history that is often overlooked. In the 19505 and 60s, during algerias bitter war of independence against france, thousands of algerians actually fought on the french side. And for that, after the war, many would pay a high price. This person was one of them. Translation the harki local forces were on the side of the french army in algerias independence war. We gave everything for france, but what we didnt know was that france would abandon us. As tension rises in french north africa, france arms her algerian supporters for defence against rebel raids. In this province, weapons are being handed out personally to muslim recruits, where hundreds are being enrolled daily. Translation i was about 17 and a half, 18 years old at the time. You had to choose between france and the rebels. My father had been in the french army and had fought in world war i. My brothers were also in the french army. So i chose france. I was proud of what we did. Proud of saving france. We were always sent out in front of the french troops. If there was an attack, the harki would be the first to die. We had to get rid of the fighters who were terrorising the population. We always knew that one day algeria would gain its independence. What general de gaulle should have done was take all the harki and their families to safety in france. But in 1962, the french disarmed the harki and left us defenceless. The rebels took advantage of this and began to round us all up. They took me to a barracks where there were about 50 other harki prisoners. There was blood everywhere. They stripped me naked and started torturing me with electric shocks. Each time a new group of soldiers came on shift, they began again. The same thing every day. The fln even made us dig our own graves. Some people were thrown in alive. Some were thrown into the river. I was arrested onjuly the 8th, 1962. I escaped in september the 10th, 1962. It took me a long time to feel welcome here in france. I decided to change my name and to convert to catholicism. I wanted to make a fresh start. I could say that i was born under a lucky star and that i am lucky. But not all the harki were so lucky, and that is the fault of france. Finally, a story about a remarkable invention built out of adversity. As a young man, this man lost his foot in an accident and designed a prosthetic leg to allow him to keep running. His invention revolutionised the world of parasports. When you lose a body part, its different from any other experience because its gone. Itsjust gone. That was the hardest part, knowing that it was irreversible. I had my accident in the spring of 1976 when i was 21. Winter had just broke, and it was now time for spring water skiing. I had just taken a big cut to the left, and the boat quit. And so then, all of a sudden over my right shoulder, i turn around and another boat came right at me. And so the odds are, my ankles that wide, and thats what it hit. The propeller. Had i not had a wet suit on, i wouldve bled out. Major arteries were cut. But my knee was bent, the wet suit was tight, itjust stopped blood flow. They put a cast on the stump. 0n the bottom was a pink rubber foot. So im sitting there looking at my pink foot and i just felt like my life was gone. The artificial limb, especially if its a leg, is the most important single thing in their lives. They ought to get, and it seems now that one day they will get, the best that technological modern skills can provide. The question is when . I knew that there was a better way. Several years prior, they had just put a man on the moon. So my early attempts at creating something that would spring and push off was, you know those insoles on the side of your shoe . Well, that was my first concept. Lets build one of those. Those early ones werent too bad. I had a little block of foam on the toe and heel. But then i got really blessed. I met one of the Worlds Leading Aerospace graphite engineers. That night, we drew up the drawing of what the leg was to look like, and within two, maybe three weeks, id built a leg and i attached it to my sock. Iran down his condo hallway, i mean, fast. That was freedom. That was real inner freedom. I probably built 50, maybe 60, more legs. Different types, different arrangements, broke them, fell down. Till we finally launched our first foot. The first carbon graphite, energy storing running prosthesis ever. So, if you look at the structure, its millions of tiny little hair like fibres. And those fibres stretch just like our tendons do. And so that energy can be stored in those fibres. And thats how we came up with the c shaped foot. My foundations name is called second wind. Im involved in developing a foot for landmine survivors. They have to go to work. Theyre labourers, theyre planting fields they dont have the luxury of sitting down. For asia, a lot of people work in rice paddies. You cant wear a standard foot in water, they rot. In afghanistan, iraq, theyre on rocky hillsides going up and down mountains. We built a design that has increased function, decreased weight and increased strength. The foot has to be able to endure all kinds of different climates. Were calling it the world foot. The world foot for all countries, all all peoples everywhere. And when i think of all the amputees in the world that i can actually share that, there was never a greater joy than that for me. Thats all for this episode here in nairobi. Well be back next time with more first hand accounts of extraordinary moments in history. But for now, from me and the rest of the team, goodbye. Hello again. Saturday was another cold day, but its the last of a run of cold days really. It is to be turning milder over the next few. There were some places across east anglia, cambridgeshire area where the fog lingered all day. Temperatures didnt get above freezing. But where the sunshine came out, we had temperatures about 3 4 degrees, but either way, it was on the cold side for many of us. However, looking at the temperatures into sunday, it is going to be quite a bit milder, with our temperatures much closer to average for the time of year. Now, right now, partly due to this change to milder weather, weve got this weather front just sinking southwards from scotland, bringing some rain here across into the far north of england, too. Fog patches across east anglia, southern counties of england. And where the skies clear behind that weather front, again its going to be cold with some frost. Notjust frost, theres an ice risk as well, in particular for eastern scotland, maybe the far north east of england as well. So a cold start here. Fog further south east, east anglia, southern counties of england. Again could lingerfor a good part of the morning, but probably a better chance of clearing, really, as we head into the afternoon. Some sunshine here. Thickest cloud across North Western areas. Some persistent rain for western scotland. Damp weather at times for the north west of england and wales. The only real cold air is across the Northern Isles in shetland. Two degrees in lerwick. Theres likely to be some snow showers here and some accumulations of snow as well. Now for monday, that milder air gets even milder as we start to get these south westerly winds blowing a bit more strongly across the uk. They will, though, be bringing some more persistent outbreaks of rain. Combined with snowmelt, well, theres a risk of some localised flooding across western scotland. But for the north of scotland, weve still got some cold airfeeding in, so we may well still see some snow across the Northern Isles and perhaps across the hills of northern scotland as well. But otherwise its mild, temperatures 7 9 degrees celsius. Now, beyond that, as we head into tuesday, we get rid of these weather fronts. They move southwards, and we allow some cooler northerly winds to flow in again. Cold, frost but sunny to start the day for many of us. There will, though, be a few wintry showers coming down the north sea coasts, and always a bit more in the way of cloud further west. Temperatures, well, coming down a little bit across northern areas. 4 6 degrees celsius, but still maybe 9 10 in the cloudier south west of the uk. Beyond that, well, weve got a spell of rain thats going to come through on wednesday, and then after that clears, a lot of dry weather, really, with temperatures for some staying a little above average. Thats your latest weather. Bye for now. This is bbc news, im james reynolds. Our top stories the Indonesian Navy says its found the location where a boeing 737 passenger plane plummeted into the sea shortly after take off with 62 people on board. The uk passes 80,000 deaths from coronavirus, experts warn of the need for tighter lockdown measures. Us prosecutors say theyve made more than 80 arrests following wednesdays riots at the us capitol. One of those detained was a man whos image was circulated widely on social media. And the queen and Prince Philip have both received coronavirus vaccinations. The 94 year old monarch and her 99 year old husband were given theirjabs
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