Scotla nd anyone who owns an airgun in scotland will now need a licence. The legislation, which came into effect at midnight, was introduced after a toddler was killed by an airgun in 2005 in glasgow. People in england and wales can own the weapons without any kind of documentation. These are the guns that by january 1 will be illegal unless their owners have a licence. Already 11,000 people have applied for an Air Gun Certificate and anyone with a gun licence already can add air weapons to that. But thousands of Air Gun Owners have missed the deadline of october 31 to apply for a permit. Anyone who applied for a certificate before october 31 is ok because they applied early. Unfortunately, those who applied after that will have to wait some time before it is processed. They will have to make alternative arrangements for the safe storage of their airguns. Registered gun dealers like this one in inverness are providing a safe house for air weapons whose owners want to keep them but wont be licensed by sunday morning. Many of those in the gun trade think the clampdown is using a sledgehammer to crack a nut. Shooting people at high rise flats is illegal. Youre not allowed to do that, you never were. This legislation is a piece of tokenism which will achieve nothing. The people who will misuse air rifle are not the type of people who are going to go to the trouble of licensing their weapons anyway. But backers of the new laws say air weapons are involved in half of all gun crime in scotland and with an estimated 500,000 of them in scotland, tightening the legislation is justified. Thousands of airguns have already been handed in to police to be destroyed. Craig anderson, bbc news, inverness. If those pictures of fireworks around the world have not whetted your appetite for trouble, this well. This well. Now on bbc news, the travel show. It has gone from being one of the poorest countries in the world to relative prosperity today, and has a reputation as a beacon of responsible tourism. The Republic Of Botswana has been on quite a journey in its 50 years of independence. And i am on a personal mission to explore how people here have shared this land with such a diversity of wildlife for millennia. And if tourism can help maintain that delicate balance. The big day, the 50th anniversary, draws ever nearer, and rehearsals are well underway. Half a century of independence is a big dealfor the people of botswana, who have seen their country overcome some major hurdles. We had few schools. The only schools that were there were run by missionaries. It has been a journey where one could say we were starting from nothing. And there have been some serious crises. At one point, the country had the worlds highest rate of hiv infection. But sensible treatment and prevention programmes mean that the worst is over. When one talks of the 50th celebrations of this country, and when one looks back, you just say, you know, there is a lot that as a nation we really need to celebrate. Inside the barracks, the Military Band are feeling their way through a traditional favourite. But lets see how they cope with a more cavalier interpretation. Do you want to have a go . Yeah lets try. I am just waving my hands in the air, and look at what is happening. Music the power is going to my head. I have got a sneaking suspicion they are actually ignoring my inspired baton gesturing. But, hey, happily for them, i wont be in charge on the big day. With just a few hundred thousand residents, the capital, gabarone, in the south eastern of the country, does not really fit the stereotype of a bustling noisy african city. Can i try your hat . What do you think . Beautiful. Come on but right now, the market is doing a good trade in bot50 paraphernalia. In fact, for some people, the party has started early. As an International Trader, diamonds have been botswanas best friend throughout most of its independence. Huge discoveries propelled it to becoming the Worlds Largest supplier, and its the industrys global hub today. Botswana has come a long way in 50 years. And thanks to the wealth accrued through diamond reserves, they have got free education, free health care, it is even classed as a middle income country. But in botswana, diamonds are not for ever. And tourism is trying to fill the gap. Botswana is about the size of france. Yet with only around 2 million people, its one of the worlds most sparsely populated countries, on a par with australia and mongolia. And the truth is, you dont really come to botswana for the urban vibe. I am keen to explore the countrys world renowned wildlife, so across the Tropic Of Capricorn i drive, north. Botswana boasts more african elephants per square mile than any other country in the world. And its a glorious sight. But there is another big beast that has had a much rougher passage in the last few decades. The rhinoceros. At one point, thanks to poaching, there were only four rhinos left in the entire country. Khama is a sanctuary dedicated to ensuring their future survival. With nine rhinos brought in from south africa in the late 1980s, a Breeding Programme began, and we are now tracking one of the Success Stories of that programme. So the wind is blowing that side, so we have to go downwind. Rhinos have got a good sense of smell, that is how they detect whatever is around them in the environment. We have two be downwind so that they dont smell us. Its fascinating because he has explained to me that you can tell the rhinos dont feel threatened because they are moving quite slowly. You can tell they are moving slowly by their footprints, and there is one rhino here, and one rhino over there. That offers us some luck that we will get close to them because they dont feel threatened. Lets cross our fingers. Weve just spotted them. Yes wow. 0k, we are going to take a bit of a risk. My guide has been as close as ten metres to a rhino before, without them sensing that hes there, so lets try that now. It may be best if only mike comes. Its hard to grasp that one of this planets great survivors, such a dignified, shy beast is under threat because of mans vanity. 200 rhinos have been successfully bred here, and today around 75 reside in the khama sanctuary. But this is not the end of the story. 0ther neighbouring countries are now sending rhino into botswana as a protected haven from poachers. I travelled northwest to Chiefs Island to see how successful this project is, in the company of the most committed advocate of Wildlife Conservation i have ever met. Beautiful creature. Beautiful, beautiful creature. Of course im biased it looks to me, and i need a better view, there are thorns in the way here, but we are looking at a mother and a calf. That calf was born in botswana. The mother has met a bull here and she has bred that calf. So that in itself is a success. That excites me, that should excite anyone who is interested in conservation. Today, rhino horns are highly valued for their supposed medicinal and ornamental properties, especially in asia. The latest round of poaching is a massive threat because of technologies, gps units, Satellite Telephones that are being used by the modern syndicates, you know . So the modern guys are a distinct threat for us. Between the two rhinos in front of us, he estimates there is a market value of 120,000 us dollars worth of illegal rhino horn. It is an international effort, but the threat comes from continents away. They use neighbouring states as sort of clearing stations, so this effort to look after these rhinos, prevent poaching, has to be international by description. It is not an effort that can be carried out in botswana alone. And conservation is botswanas main focus these days. The mantra for tourism is high quality, low impact. In other words, Discouraging Mass Tourism in favour of more expensive, but also more responsible camps. The latest trend in that is mobile safari essentially pop up sites that prevent local wildlife becoming too habituated to human presence. Ok, so the first thing we are going to do is to build my bedroom. En suite, no less and it is all in that box . Yes, lets go and make it. Friends of mine will tell you i am not a natural camper, and i think i am about to prove them right. What am i doing wrong . Here we go. Argh i am feeling a bit dizzy. 0ops the whole thing has collapsed again. But out of chaos comes comfort. Do you know what . I have never been in this situation before, with Wildlife Roaming free. In fact, i can hear a lionjust over there. No rangers, no guns, no wi fi coverage, no mobile phone coverage, and im just about to go to bed in a tent by myself. Lion roars. 0k, it is about 3am, and i havejust woken up. I was woken up by something, a noise outside. Until then, i slept quite well, but now my mind is beginning to race, and im thinking that maybe if i put my head through the entrance of the tent, there will be like a lion or an elephant just there. Up until then, though, i slept pretty well. Its a really nice little setup. The only real stirrings i have heard, loud stirrings, have been the sounds of the night coming from my colleague who is in the tentjust down there. Snoring. Sunrise and a spectacularjourney across the mighty kalahari. A desert which covers some 80 of the country. Now, this is what i really imagine when i think desert. Vast, stark, dry, Flat Stretches of landscape, and so dusty when a car or the wind whips up the sand. And there are perils to driving through this terrain. So here we have the hazards of driving a Two Wheel Drive car in the middle of this really heavy, thick sand. This car is stuck, and we are going to try and help rescue her. Do you want to push there . Will that help . Probably not i dont know if this makes any difference, but anyway. Handbrake on, handbrake on i am not quite sure what is happening now. Are you going to pull this by yourself now . This is africas strongest man. Yes, im very confident. 0h, he has done it i think we are talking success yes 50 years actually makes botswana quite a young country, but what this anniversary conceals is that here in the kalahari desert, you have got one of the oldest communities on the planet, maintaining the same traditions for Tens Of Thousands of years. And this is where it all began. The Tsodilo Hills in the far north west of the country are the spiritual and Ancestral Home to many communities of bush or san people, and they left a quite remarkable legacy. This area has been occupied by people continuously for 100,000 years. People have left their artistic expressions in the form of rock art. People believe that these is peoples soul and spirit. That is why this site is very important. Today it is also on the World Heritage list today. By their very lifestyle, the nomadic sand tribes have touched many parts of what is botswana today. I am interested in finding out how they are coping in a contemporary world, where they are not allowed to hunt, and have lost land and access to natural resources. So, onwards to the outskirts of the town of ganzi in western botswana, close to the namibian border. Settlements like these were created as part of a controversial government relocation programme, designed to integrate the san people into mainstream society. People like this. Can you show me your hut . This is where you live and sleep, yeah . This is a far cry from the nomadic Hunting And Gathering lifestyle of her forefathers. Four times a year they moved to different areas, and then when the seasons changed, they also moved in another direction. So they were very sensitive to the movement of animals. The Living Conditions here are a good illustration of the sometimes uneasy mix of the traditional with the contemporary. You can see the traditional pots here. In the olden days, our forefathers were using traditional sticks for making fire. And now we buy matches from the shops. Instead of plates they were using the Ostrich Eggshell as the plate. For many people, the transition to this way of life has been hard, but bolanda has forged a career for herself as a beader, using indigenous skills. My business has grown tremendously, and i have been invited to attend International Trade fairs in different countries. I have travelled to america, to europe. I think the San Community simply need to change their lifestyle. Relocation has meant that many of the ancient san traditions, language and culture have come under threat, and notjust in botswana. Bolanda took me to an annual festival, held just outside the town. It is an old language, but i think it is dying, really, not a lot of people speak it, is that right . Yes, it is. Teach me. Makes clicking sound. At this festival, different tribes from all over Southern Africa gather to promote and celebrate endangered cultural practices. Later in the evening, a Spiritual Healing Dance is performed. In the olden days, it was only performed when somebody was sick. When they were moving around, dancing. They talked to the traditional gods to take the evil spirit away. The whole event is under the banner of celebrating botswanas 50th birthday, but bolanda is sceptical about it having any real meaning for her community. It doesnt make sense to me. Because the san people have not changed for 50 years. Their lives are just going down, down, down every day. There is a lot of poverty, a lot of unemployment. This is not really one where we can celebrate. The san people do only represent a small minority of the botswana population, but they are highly symbolic. It may need more than a healing ritual like this to remedy this issue. One solution is to involve more san people in tourism. That has been successfully achieved by other communities in locally run schemes in the delta in the north. These traditional canoes, or mokoros, used to be carved from tree trunks, but for ecological reasons are now fashioned from fibreglass. We are off. Nice and smooth. At the moment, no sign of any crocodiles. Which is good news. Richard first learned this technique at the age of nine from his father, but the tradition goes back centuries. In the olden days, theyd go out using mokoros for hunting, fishing, and gathering wild berries. In the olden days, there were several small villages, they lived in islands. When they visited each other, theyd use mokoro as their transport. Do you think you will always stay here . I will say yes because it is where i originate. All my friends, i have to ask them to come to visit me in this paradise. The boat is wonderfully smooth. I have not felt the least bit threatened. I would do, if i felt a hippo or crocodile was coming this way. But so far so good. It has been an epicjourney crisscrossing botswana. Eight plane trips and some hard slogs, driving more than 3000 kilometres on rough terrain. It is not necessarily a cheap place to travel in, and in fact sometimes it feels a bit exclusive, but the truth is, the future of botswana for the next 50 years and beyond lies in all its inhabitants, peacefully sharing in the unique resources of this extraordinary land. Good morning and a very happy new year to you. The change of year brings a change in the weather. If we take a look at the recent satellite picture, you can see this strip of cloud sinking its way southwards. There is rain coming from this cloud. It is associated with a Weather Front, and in fact, it is a cold front. And as that continues to journey southwards and eastwards through new years day, we will see increasingly cold air digging in from the north. And that really is the pattern for the next couple of days. But back to the here and now, the first part of new years day increasingly wet across southern parts of the british isles. So this is the story at 9 00am this morning. Across south west england, some quite heavy bursts of rain stretching up through the South Midlands and into east anglia. To the south east, a mild start. Seven degrees in dover. A lot of cloud, but the main body of rain wont have got a lot of cloud, but the main body here by this stage. And then, on the back edge of the Weather Front, Cold Air Starting to dig in, and we could see sleet and wet snow developing, particularly up over high ground, the pennines. Wintry showers for northern scotland. Rain close to the coast, but inland, over high ground, some snow. Windy here, potentially some icy stretches on untreated roads, as there could be in the north west and northern ireland. Then for wales, were back into the Weather Front with rain and wintry weather up over high ground. Remember, cold air is digging into the back of the Weather Front. And our front essentially stalls across south eastern areas, so here we can expect rain throughout new years day. But further north, some bright skies, some sunshine, and wintry showers, particularly for exposed coastal areas. And a really chilly day, four or five degrees, mild air holding on across the far south and south east. But then, as we go through the night, that cold air works its way southwards across all parts of the country, as we finally push our Weather Front away. And we will see quite a widespread frost, as well, and potentially icy stretches, particularly where we see showers through the night on exposed coasts. And these are increasingly turning wintry, even to quite low levels. Some of these will continue into monday. For most for monday though, it is a Beautiful Day with sparkling sunshine. However, it wont do much for the temperatures, 3 6 degrees at best. As we go deeper into the week, High Pressure is in charge of the weather, particularly out to the west. A north westerly wind, so not a particularly warm wind direction, but slightly less cold air will work into the mixture on tuesday and wednesday. With it, a fair amount of cloud, but for many it will stay dry. Just a few showers for exposed coasts. Welcome to bbc news, broadcasting to viewers in North America and around the globe. We start with Breaking News from turkey. At least 35 people are dead after an armed attack at a nightclub in istanbul. Local media say shots were fired during new Year Celebrations at the popular reina nightclub. Its thought that more than 40 other people have been wounded. The attack happened in the 0rtakoy district during new years eve celebrations. Between 500 600 people were in the club at the time. Istanbuls governor called it a terrorist attack. Translation today, around 1 15am, a terrorist attacked