In this Special Edition of the programme, we are looking back at some of the best report from our network of correspondents around the world. I am a heroin addict. I have overdosed four times. My sister saved me. Americas addiction. The epidemic of heroin and painkillers creating a new generation of users and killing Tens Of Thousands of people. The drug they called the devil has hit hardest in smalltown america, taking hold in areas like this that have already been ravaged by years of economic decline. We are hearing outgoing fire. The troops are trying to gauge how much resistance is in these villages. We join the Kurdish Forces on the frontline of the Battle For Mosul as the iraqi city waits for deliverance from so called Islamic State. Also, before and after. Fergus walsh reports on the pioneering surgery without couples that has queue with this mans tremors. I am in antarctica following a team of scientists setting up remote cameras in penguin colonies. And a year in the life of the penguin caught on camera. Wejoin the life of the penguin caught on camera. We join scientists the life of the penguin caught on camera. Wejoin scientists in the life of the penguin caught on camera. We join scientists in the antarctic as they track how the birds are adapting to Climate Change. America is in the grip of a heroine and pain killer epidemic. Thousands are dying from drug overdoses thousands are dying from Drug Ove Rd Oses every thousands are dying from drug overdoses every year compared to car crashes. The victims are young, white and middle class people mostly. They have been hooked on the deadly drugs. Over the past year, we have followed a number of addicts as they tried to kick the habit. You may find some of the scenes in their report difficult to watch. A darkness has descended across america. A 40yearold female. Not breathing. Overdosed. A plague of Drug Addiction and death greater than they has ever been. Opioid painkillers and increasingly heroine are killing more americans than ever before. 0h, are killing more americans than ever before. Oh, my god. What is wrong with our . Get out of the way we would just here for a female in her 40s he was not breathing. It was an apparent drug overdose. How common is this . Every day. Sometimes more than once a day. We have a dry spell, but mostly everyday we have a call like this. I started when i was 17 years old. I was at a party, high school. I started doing the pills. When i was 13, i started using pain pills. Bible six people i know died la st pills. Bible six people i know died last year. All of my values and morals went out the window. Five or six people. It will take all of the money and everything you have worked for, everyone is love. There is almost nothing i wouldnt do for it. Im a heroin addict. My brother is also an addict. I will die if i go back home. I have overdosed four times. My own sister had to save me. I know a lot of words are overused in our lexicon, historic, unprecedented. In this case, this is an epidemic, and that is the right word. That is precisely what this is, and epidemic. This crisis has spread across america created by Massive Overprescription of morphine like painkillers. It gave birth to a nation of addicts. A Heroin Epidemic is sweeping across america. It respects no man or woman, whatever their creed, colour or class. Friends, families, whole communities have been left to bury the dead in deal with the devastation addiction brings. But thejob deal with the devastation addiction brings. But the job they called the devil has hit hardest in smalltown america. Taking hold in areas like these that have already been ravaged by years of economic decline drug. For so many people, the future looks bleak. Increasingly addicts i dont like kids from the suburbs and rural areas. They have moved from pills to heroin because it is cheaper and easier to get. But it is far more deadly, and there is no exaggeration to say this generation is under threat. I hurt myself today i hurt myself today to i hurt myself today to see if i hurt myself today to see if i could still feel. Doctor huckabee is the medical director he and is an expert on Pain Medication and what it does. He is also a recovering addict. He became hooked after getting pain pills for a broken foot. The needle tears a hole the needle tears a hole the needle tears a hole the old familiar sting. I was given oxycodone. It was like pulling a trigger. I could not turn it loose. It overpowered my brain in such ways it blindsided me to the point i eventually was injecting my own sentinel in the Operating Room and was fortunate to have partners to help me. Fentanyl. I was powerless, powerless. I promised myself all the time, we will not do this. That we are not going to do this. That we are not going to do this again today, and by the end of the day, you know, ijust could not control it. It is a real hopeless feeling. I remember feeling control it. It is a real hopeless feeling. I rememberfeeling it one time that, you know, this is my fate in life. I am just going to die from this. Im addicted to heroin. I died about six times daily. All i could think about i nearly died six times. When i would get some more. Never feeling better. I times. When i would get some more. Never feeling better. Lam times. When i would get some more. Never feeling better. I am tired of this. I remember the never feeling better. I am tired of this. I rememberthe first never feeling better. I am tired of this. I remember the first time never feeling better. I am tired of this. I rememberthe first time i did and my boyfriend was actually filming me. Overdosed. He brought me back and right after that he went and did a shot, and ijust almost died. It is absolutely everywhere in every town around here, at least. There is somebody who sells drugs, and it is predominantly heroine, because that is the big thing around here. In the streets of western pennsylvania, heroine has taken root. The journey through addiction isa root. The journey through addiction is a bong and dark one for so many. Steve ashmore has been trying to get clea n for yea rs, Steve Ashmore has been trying to get clean for years, but checking it without serious long term help is rare without serious long term help is rare long. Without serious long term help is rare long. One says you can get it, but right in the middle of a word, and it, but right in the middle of a word, and i dont like going over that period, let alone at midnight neighbourhood. That period, let alone at midnight neighbourhood. He is in an endless trap for a hide that will never be enough. For something his body craves that he knows he should not do. Because there is no way to know what is in each packet and whether or not it will kill you. This stuff has a hold on me. I just. Iam this stuff has a hold on me. I just. I am obsessed with it. It ru ns just. I am obsessed with it. It runs my life. Heroin is addictive like no other drug, and for many, there are only two ways out. Rehab or death. Today, the Victim Isjust as likely to be your friend, your neighbour, or even your child. As likely to be your friend, your neighbour, or even your childlj miss you so much. I miss you so much. I held him first on february 11, 1994. Then i held him last on august 22 2015. I never want a pa rent to august 22 2015. I never want a parent to ever have to do that. It is the hardest thing you will ever do. There is nothing else you can do. There is nothing else you can do. That will hurt like this. But this epidemic is only getting worse. There will be more families devastated, and more lives lost. Ian pannell, bbc news, western pennsylvania. One country that got tough on drugs this year was the philippines. Its hardline new president , Rodrigo Duterte, campaign for his election by promising to kill 100,000 drug dealers and criminals in his First Six Months in office. But his controversial tough tactics, which critics say including Turning A Blind Eye to extrajudicial killings, did lead to an unprecedented rise in the murder rate. Around two dozen people were killed injust the murder rate. Around two dozen people were killed in just the first two months of the crackdown. Jonathan had reports from manila on the philippines debbie war on drugs. Deadly. The war on drugs is reaching all corners of the philippines, even in the jails. Many of these men are already serving long sentences for drug use. In sells so packed with bodies, it is hard to breathe. It says something about the extent of the drug problem here in the philippines that the police have had to come here and read one of the biggest prisons around manila cells. There are clearly concerned about real drug problems here, but the focus at the moment, as with much of his campaign, our people at the bottom of the trade, but the people running it. At least here, they can stay alive. But not here. The bodies of dealers and addicts are discovered every night in the slums of manila, killed either by the police or by shadowy hit squads. It started when this man, Rodrigo Duterte, and outspoken Crime Fighting mayor was elected president in may. Kill me or i will kill you he said he would kill drug dealers, and he meant it. The president is still widely popularfor the president is still widely popular for this the president is still widely popularfor this kind of talk. Drug addiction has blighted neighbourhoods already burdened by poverty. But his campaign has forced roger, not his real name, into hiding. He has been a minor drug dealerfor hiding. He has been a minor drug dealer for years. Hiding. He has been a minor drug dealerfor years. Now he is on the run. Translation i have done some awful things, i know. I have wronged a lot of people because they have become addicted to drugs, because i am one of the many who sells them drugs. Not everyone reduces drugs commit crimes. Me, i am an addict, but i dont kill. This chilling Security Camera video shows by those targeted by the Anti Drug Campaign have so much to fear. A motorbike slows down for a moment. The passengerfiring at point blank range. It might easily have been maria. Shes a young mother and hired assassin. She says she has killed five people since Rodrigo Duterte won the election. Like roger, she says it was poverty that drove her into the job. Translation i tell my husband we cant keep doing this forever. We have children. I would not want our children to know what we do. I do not want them to come back at us and say they got to move because we killed for money. Live. Nearly 700,000 terrified drug addicts have already surrendered to the Philippines Police to save their lives. They must somehow now be accommodated in these teeming overcrowded cells. The iraqi city of mosul waited for deliverance as iraqi and Kurdish Forces battled for two months to liberate the last stronghold of so called Islamic State in the country. But as the troops continued their drive towards the city, the militants fought back, using suicide bombers. At the start of the siege, ill correspondence were among the first journalist to get ill correspondence were among the firstjournalist to get into the village on the outskirts of mosul as it was being liberated by is. A harbinger of terror. We entered hostile territory, taking the battle to is with Kurdish Peshmerga fighters. This was their second attempt to free the village. Lastly, they faced heavy resistance. Last week. Along the way, Tension Building as we start to come under fire. And to respond. We are moving forward now very carefully. We are hearing quite a bit of outgoing fire. The troops are trying to gauge how much resistance is in these villages. This was the answer. A massive Roadside Bomb just villages. This was the answer. A massive Roadside Bombjust ahead. It was one of four on our route. Then the peshmerga moved to confront a suspected suicide bomber. They have to check him for explosives with their bare hands. This time, they we re their bare hands. This time, they were lucky. Just a civilian. We arrived in what looks like a deserted village. Locals start to emerge. Tentatively, to offer thanks. But soon this. Warning shots. From a wary troops. s at last, freedom and relief. There is nothing to worry about, he says. It is all over. There is a legacy of torment. They destroyed us, says muhamed. They completely destroyed us. There was a sense of a Community Coming back to life. Of old friends reuniting, freed from the tyranny of is. The moment of victory for the peshmerga. And for some here, of rebirth. I cant find words to express how happy are you, says this man. It feels like i have been born again. Nearby, locals attacked and is sign that had loomed over them, instructing women to cover themselves from head to toe. Amal was happy to be wearing her best and not wearing a hijab. Is this woman thanks the peshmerga, is make their presence felt not far away. Helping to secure the village, away. Helping to secure the village, a Volunteer Sniperfrom away. Helping to secure the village, a Volunteer Sniper from scotland, away. Helping to secure the village, a Volunteer Sniperfrom scotland, he has been part of the recent push against is. It is funny because people that are weak, places that are weak, they are very up and down. A lot of the people cheering now are probably day sheed. They have just gone into the community. , they havent gone away daesh. Gone into the community. , they havent gone away daesh. They know the enemy could soon re emerge. The peshmerga are now moving through the village and securing the area street by street. More and more civilians are appearing. They can speak freely for the first time in over two years but there still is tension here. The fighters are concerned that among those coming out onto the streets, there could be suicide bombers. But there were no threats concealed among the villagers. They were savouring this chance to reclaim old pleasures banned by the jihadis. Chance to reclaim old pleasures banned by thejihadis. The black flag of is has been pulled down from the mosque. The peshmerga vowing that never again will it be allowed to fly here. Here is a thought. Imaginea to fly here. Here is a thought. Imagine a surgery but without knives or scalpels. Just sound waves. Thats what doctors at a hospital in london used to operate deep inside the human brain. The pioneering treatment was performed to a patient that suffered uncontrollable shaking in his right hand. It could also be used to treat tremors caused by parkinsons disease. Over the past 17 years, it has gotten worse. This man isa 17 years, it has gotten worse. This man is a painter and decorator but hisjob is being made increasingly difficult by this. An uncontrollable tremor in his right hand. The shaking is caused by a miss timing of the electrical signals, the commands, sent from the brain to the muscles in the hand. 1 Million People in the uk suffer from tremors. The last 17 years, it has become worse to the point where i cant use it, and had to use my left hand. Early morning at St Mary S Hospital In London and selwyn is being prepared for deep Brain Surgery. Being prepared for deep Brain Surgery. This razor is the only blade that will be the used today. This is to make sure his head will be completely still for surgery. It operates using sound waves. It works like this. The device has more than a thousand to sound beeps. When focused on a single point, they generate enough heat to destroy tissue. The target is a tiny point at the base of the brain which is causing the faulty signals which triggered the tremors. 697 watts, 13 seconds. This is precision medicine. The team constantly monitor emma ryde scans and gradually increase the energy of the sound beams. Mr i. His wife is there to watch him. I have witnessed an surgery there to watch him. I have witnessed an surgery and it is brutal and bloody, cutting through the skull and tissue. The contrast here is astonishing. There are no scalpels. It is all done with sound waves and the patient is awake throughout. The result is remarkable. The tremors have gone. His right hand is steady and this is a permanent fix. Doctors believe of the sound surgery could can believe of the sound surgery could can treat other conditions. Believe of the sound surgery could can treat other conditions. It can treat other conditions. It can help tremor in ms as well as other neurological conditions emanating from the brain. It has an enormous future. This was selwyn before treatment. And after. It avoids the risks associated with conventional Brain Surgery and recovery is immediate. You have big smile on yourface, recovery is immediate. You have big smile on your face, selwyn. Its nice, isnt it . It will be brilliant to pick something up with that hand and know it will not spill everywhere. Selwyns treatment is pa rt everywhere. Selwyns treatment is part ofan everywhere. Selwyns treatment is part of an International Trial and wa nt part of an International Trial and want it is completed next, there will be huge demand once it is completed. Too much cooler climate. A fascinating look into the life of the penguin. Scientists in the antarctica have been working on a groundbreaking experiment to capture penguins on camera. They have spent time in the air looking from remote cameras to find out how they are adapting to Climate Change and the threats they now face. We have been given exclusive access to the report. It contains flash photography. Im in antarctica, following a team of scientists who are setting up remote cameras in penguin colonies. Im a scientist at oxford university. We have got probably 40 and they are spread out along the length and brett of the peninsulas. The bottom one takes photos all year round every hour. Breadth. If we have a constant presence in these colonies, we can look at how many chicks survive. Its like cctv. Seeing what is going on in winter is something you will never get to see. The partnership with tourism, this access is really important. Its vital. We would never have the access without them. We are doing this because partly, tourism is something we want to monitor and so we measure it. Where we have looked, there seems to be very little impact of tourism. We have a Close Partnership and they dropped us off where we want to go and in return we educate their tourist about conservation and hopefully inspire them to conserve penguins. This is the hole in the side of the ship that we go through before we go to shore. We have to watch out routes. It is a pristine place. We cant take anything onto the antarctic mainland which shouldnt be there. This is a zodiac. It is a fast rubber boat and we use this to get around. They are fantastic boats. Very fast and sta ble fantastic boats. Very fast and stable and they bounce when you hit against rocks. Wonderfulfor stable and they bounce when you hit against rocks. Wonderful for down here. I work as an expedition to. It is amazing how everyone is deeply affected by antarctica. What we love about working with the production of scientific knowledge is that we give people the kind of emotional attachment to the place and they provide ground work and relevance for people to put that energy. And it also brings home a lot of Bigger Picture questions about human beings presents on the planet. So this is the last camera . presents on the planet. So this is the last camera . Thats it for this year. And for this camera anyway. Now it isjust year. And for this camera anyway. Now it is just turn it on and fingers crossed. Back next year. Rola yes. Thats it for this Special Edition of reporters, looking back at the special reports from this year. From me, buy for now. Bye. Good morning and happy new year. The change of year brings a change in the weather. If we look at the recent satellite picture, you can see the strip of cloud thinking southwards. There is rain coming from it. It is associated with a Weather Front and in fact, it is a cold front. As it continues to journey southwards and is with a new years day, we will seek increasingly cold air digging in from the north. That is the pattern for the next couple of days. After the here and now, the first part of new years day is increasingly wet across southern parts of the british isles. That is the story at 9am this morning, across south west england, heavy burst of rain stretching up through the South Midlands and into east anglia. To the south east, a mild start. Devon degrees in dover. A lot of cloud at the main body of rain. 7. A lot of cloud at the main body of rain. 7. On the back edge of the Weather Front, Cold Air Starting to dig in and we could see sleet and wet snow developing particularly up over high ground, the pennines. Wintry showers for northern scotland. In london and either her ground over high ground, snow. The roads could be treacherous. For wales, back into the Weather Front with rain and went to a weather up over high ground. Remember, cold air is digging into the back of the Weather Front. The front eventually stalls across south eastern areas and we can expect rain throughout new years day. Further north, bright skies and sunshine at wintry showers for exposed coastal areas and a chilly day, four orfive degrees, mild air holding on across the far south and south east. Through the night, cold air works its way southwards across all parts of the country as we finally push our Weather Front away and we see quite a widespread frost as well and potentially icy stretches. We were the showers through the night on exposed coasts. These are increasingly turning wintry even to low levels. These will continue into monday sometimes. Most, though, for monday, it is a Beautiful Day with buckling sunshine that it wont do much for the temperatures. Sparkling. 3 six degrees. High pressure is it into the west. North westerly winds are not particularly warm but slightly less cold air will work into the mixture on tuesday and wednesday. With it, some cloud but for many it will stay dry. Just a few showers for exposed coasts. Welcome to bbc news. Im gavin grey. Our top stories Massacre In Turkey at least 35 people are killed in a gun attack at a packed nightclub in istanbul. 40 others are wounded. The Authorities Say it was a terrorist attack. The Un Security Council unanimously votes to support russia and turkeys latest efforts to end violence in syria. 28 are killed and more than 50 people wounded in a double bombing at a market in baghdad. And london rings in the new year in style with a huge fireworks display on the river thames