Says it will block praise support and representation of white nationalism from next week the social media giant also pledged to improve its ability to identify and block terror groups Sophie East or reports this is significant because the big shift from the policy companies had in place for the last 2 years before they didn't cost this type of content as hateful they compared it with other concepts of identity and therefore it was allowed on its platforms however after a lot of criticism of this rationale Facebook had a consultation and the strong consensus was in the words of Facebook again that white nationalism and white separatism cannot be meaningfully separated from white supremacist and organized hate groups an American man and prison for driving his car into counter protesters at a White Nationalist rally in 2017 has pleaded guilty to hate crimes James Alex feels was sentenced last December to life in prison for the murder of one person and injuring 19 at a rally in Charlottesville in the state of Virginia Chris Buckley has this report James Alex feels Jr drove to Charlottesville for a night the right rally organized to shoo opposition to the removal of a Confederate starchy contra protesters had also gathered in the time and as they held a demonstration feels drove a car straight up them the 21 year old who is a self professed neo nazi is noid knitted to a total of $29.00 hit crimes both the u.s. Attorney general Bill Barr and the f.b.i. Director Christopher Ray described his actions as a case of domestic terrorism Chris Buckley reporting Well news from the b.b.c. . Venezuela's president Nicolas Maduro has announced Elektra's city rationing measures after large parts of the country including most of the capital Caracas were hit with a 2nd major blackout this month schools universities and workplaces were ordered closed after a 3rd consecutive day of power cuts President Maduro has accused the opposition of sabotage a survey in the Democratic Republic of Congo suggest a quarter of people in the city's worst affected by the current If Pearla outbreak do not believe the virus exists he has infected more than a 1000 people in the east of the country since July and killed more than 600 but health workers say many people refuse vaccines resist treatment and conceal symptoms doctors in the city of by one of the worst affected by psycho need I in Mozambique who treated thousands of people for diarrhea an early symptom of cholera so far only 5 cases of cholera have been confirmed but health officials fear many more will come numb summer Serco reports as the city of Beirut slowly begins to get back on its feet there's a threat of a 2nd disaster the focus is now increasingly turning to preventing the never double outbreaks of diseases like malaria and color doctors are fighting a desperate better to contain the outbreak but the challenge is enormous and in danger of becoming overwhelming thousands of people were stranded by the floods for more than a week without clean water after the Cyclon hit Mozambique 2 weeks ago researchers have discovered a genetic mutation in a 71 year old woman from Scotland who experiences almost no pain show Cameron only found out she had a rare condition called Pain insensitivity when doctors couldn't believe she didn't need painkillers after a serious operation she also experiences very little anxiety or fear b.b.c. News. Thanks for the news Hello welcome to News a county shop analogy is if you're with me you will start once again with the bricks a debate in a moment this half hour we'll also talk Ebola and why so many in the d.r. See believe the virus doesn't exist when it has already killed 600 people there and we look at the illegal aftermath of opioid related deaths one major settlement has been done but many cases are still pending in the United States. That starts here in Britain where pollen still hasn't found a way forward on the bricks and process M.P.'s spent Wednesday evening holding votes to find out what type of Brecht's that they wanted to see from of soft to bricks or to a no deal or even a fresh referendum in a process called indicative but at the end of it all proposed Brooks and options were voted down in the commons so Was anything accomplished at all listen here to dependent group member of parliament on the Subaru's and those of the conclusion of business the country is what she was a Wasn't was the shower just allowed to say the party believes I was 1st try to remind ourselves that we've decided to do was. While those results kept a day of drama in which a prime minister tree samee earlier promise to resign if her deal was passed the Metro here the Metro newspaper goes with a vote to Bracks it and our exit Well the Daily Mail newspaper asks Will her sacrifice be in vain Let's talk to a member of parliament Sarah will list and she resigned from the Tory party earlier this year to join the independent group off M.P.'s Welcome to the program. Sorry you were a euro skeptic once you at one stage but you change your mind moving on to the independent group why did you do that cage my mind during the referendum campaign because I could see this coming up in century the referendum campaign which was now over a 1000 days ago who's trying to reduce a really complex issue will lots of different versions of bricks it into a simple binary choice leave will remain and the problem is that there are very many different forms in which you can least see the European Union and the electorate were being presented with these terrorists a view the color versions of for exit where they were probably as they could have their cake and eat it they have all the it solved Chiz and none of the disadvantages and it became very clear to me during the referendum campaign this was completely unrealistic and that we needed to be able to clarify exactly what we meant by nice in order for people to make a proper choice and adopt by background and they would certainly never confront someone for the operation without being able to clarify what the operation was going to be so they could weigh up the risks and benefits and I'm afraid this is the inevitable conclusion of the disastrous process of and referendum campaign right so let's look at those indicative votes yesterday was. No clarity on it you've got your one of your colleagues there on a subring saying you know look at what we've done what have M.P.'s done to try and move this forward because we seem to be stuck in that period of uncertainty chaos political crisis those words of a not mind the many political correspondents have said it what do you make of that I think that's absolutely right because unfortunately we've reached gridlock there is no majority consensus for any of the surgeons of leaving but however what did it has become clear is that the very. Immaturity is again leaving with no deal at all because of the consequences that for the economy and for some people's real real lives but the but the biggest So to favor of anything was actually to have a come from a jury votes on whatever reason finally arrives at and I think that's a French see where we're going to have to go to results basis because it is very clear to anyone watch of the to the claimant that there's no consensus or budget or see that the has been reached by this process last night Ok When should you listen to clip here this is in blocks in the Scottish National Party let's take a listen. I think it is becoming increasingly clear. How common going to be for world governments as prime minister failed to provide leadership the only thing which should not be doing is going back to the people who you might expect. You yourself said that the House cannot find its way forward exactly what's in block for the saying so would you support another general election Well that is where we Mike and up the trouble with general elections is that I never foresaw one single issue and with both main parties in effect all I hear on clear about which version if you like they would support if it came to a general election I further much doubt the conservative policy was allow the prime minister or whoever replaces her to go into a general election fighting on her deal and say that what we really need to do is sit this question and you can do through a referendum based on a realistic defined for exit in my view which is a general election simply emulate policy or rule over the place they say that they can't refuse I was there for me or against. For excess engineers it would just add to the chaos of right and defy the debate about not having a 2nd referendum that did gun a quite a bit of support yesterday but what do you make of the prime minister's last desperate this sacrificial statement that she would resign if her deal was backed Would you would you back but deal though I've always had the prime minister in this struggle with pharmacists she just keeps putting down these red lines the very obvious thing that she could have done and she could have done it weeks and weeks ago is to put to offer to put her deal to a consummate result that would have passed through parliament because there are very many of us who would be prepared to back a deal provided she took it to the people in the simple question Is this the proxy you had in mind or would you rather stay with the deal that we already have in other words to revive that would have sailed through parliament but I'm afraid she's she's very prefer Yorks to that and she set her face against having 2nd referendum and now she's in a position where she's having to show a self you know all of us are if you like to get her deal through and even that I'm afraid this is unlikely to work in that she's prepared to push it to a conflict with what is important to remind listeners that the promise is adamant that the people have already voted member of parliament Sarah Wilson thank you very much for joining us and that is the politics of Brooks what about the business of it full of pomp has been looking over Haven't you oh yes indeed the business community is as divided as the rest of the United Kingdom large businesses that important export complain for the most part to remain in the European Union and then after that for a deal smaller businesses though have tended to lean a little bit more towards the pro bricks side with him Martin is the chief executive of footy 100 list the pub chain went the spoons he's one of the few outspoken pro breaks that bosses at a big British. I spoke to him a little bit earlier on this morning and I asked him why his opinion on bricks it was so different from that of many of the bosses at the larger companies a certain business elite in this country has almost a religious devotion to the idea of the they campaign vigorously in favor of the euro and said if we didn't join it businesses would relocate to the continent they haven't done so they said if we just voted to leave not actually left voted to leave the economy would go down the pan and we'd have a recession we lose half a 1000000 jobs by now we haven't lost any we've gained half a 1000000 they've been consistently wrong because of their religion which is clouding their judgment Ok but much much 15th Wetherspoon's came out with its earnings. Your revenue was up it was up some 78 percent profits were down by 19 percent part of the reason the company said that was that it was having to pay workers more. Well if the u.k. Leaves the European Union many workers who are currently in the u.k. With Polish or Hungary and remaining will return home that's going to make things harder for us as well I don't think they'll necessarily return home but with 2 thirds immigration comes from outside the e.u. But I think it's it's extrapolating too much from a short period of Wetherspoon's trading we said we're going to make market expectations for the year and actually in favor of a reasonably liberal liberal immigration as we've had with our in the republic of ours for example for a long time and I think it's mixing up apples and oranges I think we should have a relatively liberal. Immigration policy like New Zealand Australia Singapore the United States set are controlled by our own government now as a business because Wetherspoon's is a pub train a lot of people look at that and think it's a domestically focused business people in the u.k. Going into Pradesh pubs buying say British beers or British ales drinking them but a lot of the alcoholic brands that you will be purchasing will be European in nature that's a cultural legacy thing whether it's champagnes whether it's wines they come from overseas so again isn't this going to increase your costs will go from having tariff free trade with French even yachts to having tariffs on those alcoholic beverages the opposite is true actually because you can also eliminate terrorists that the e.u. Currently charges on alcoholic products and food for the 93 percent of the world that isn't in the So today the u.k. Pays tariffs on rice oranges bananas New Zealand serving your own belong and a large number of products that the government can live in a those nothink it said it will do mostly in the event of no deal and that means they will also be tariff re coming from the e.u. As well Jim Martin the chief executive of Citi one. Just listed with the spoons full of thank you you're listening to news a from the b.b.c. With Alan and Conny some of the headlines we're following here on the b.b.c. The multis armed forces have taken control of the match in ship which was hijacked by migrants it was trying to return to Libya and Facebook is to block references to white nationalism on its platforms after it was criticised following the New Zealand terror attacks of the lead sports news Nama you can if you good morning Ellen at the beginning of this year tennis fans were treated to a clash between Roger Federer and his fellow contender for the title of the greatest of all time in tennis Serino Williams Not in a cheesy exhibition match but in a competitive mixed doubles contest played between Switzerland and the USA at the Hopman Cup The mixed team tournament which is traditionally kicked off the tennis year in Perth in Australia is played in a lighter atmosphere but it is a genuine competitive contest but that spectacle is unlikely to be repeated next year because the event has lost its home Perth has signed up as a host city for the new male only a.t.p. Cup So the Hopman Cup is homeless they have says they are determined to keep it going but whether it will happen next year remains to be seen and remember a few months ago we talked to the woman who was founding the w series a new women only motor sport competition while they've had a sort of auditions for driving in their new competition and they've announced the 18 drivers who have won that right to compete in the new contest they include Tasman pepper from South Africa Mickey Koyama from Japan as many Hawkie from the u.k. 18 drivers in all more details on those and all the rest of the stories sport today 1930 g.m.t. But if think you very much now to the Democratic Republic of Congo where a survey suggests a quarter of people in the cities worst affected by the current Ebola outbreak do not believe the vi. Exists more than 600 people have died in east India since July and thousands more are infected however many are still refusing treatment and try to conceal their symptoms news days James Copnall has been speaking to Dr Patrick Fink from Harvard University who ran the survey it's a very major issue it's not one that is new or unique to. You to make it something that has been brewing for quite some time because of the constraints because of the or governance in the region but the bowler kind of brings it all together in the worst case scenario where the lack of trust combines with the epitome to to really make people not want to follow advisers not want to listen to what authorities have to tell them to prevent the spread of the in a more sort of impact has that had do you think on the efforts to quell this outbreak Well it has a number of very practical and concrete. Nini of. Me have already heard about the violence that has happened against health workers who are there just to try to prevent the epidemic but are received in the community with a lot of mistrust and that leads to violence mistrust war as they're accused of bringing the disease they're accused of working for the government or rein the diseases of trying to control the population of you know a few months ago they were presidential elections sort use of contributing to prevent and stopping people from voting so a lot of allegations and again rumors that are that are spreading but on a very practical measure it also means that people don't want to report when they are sick or if they heard or if they know someone who has the symptoms of Ebola they don't want to make it known they don't want to go and seek care you can sit through in your search in the numbers of people who are prepared to take a vaccine that would hopefully stop them getting about. So this is a trial that it's one of them major progress that has been made in responding to a ball on the medical side we know much better how to treat it not still a very deadly disease but the mortality rate is down quite significantly compared to previous It didn't make us but in working to develop the vaccine it was very much of a medical an epitome logical response result enough attention on where people would want to accept a vaccine and how you get people to actually take the vaccine and so what were people saying was the reasons they gave for not taking the vaccine so we have some insight in that one people being afraid that the vaccine will actually get them sick it's clear that it is at the moment something that people get by seeking care as well so there's this reality of what then surely being exposed to disease by consulting health care but at the same time the importance of going and reporting cases and on the vaccine issue it's it's it's difficult to do large scale action campaigns but then it's leading to misunderstanding about who is getting the vaccine why are they getting it why does it not offer to everybody and so again fuelling kind of the rumors and fueling the mistrust that people may have it occurs to me that the Democratic Republic of Congo's history has been so difficult so troubled that mistrust in the authorities in many places must be so high that I wonder to what extent the lessons you can draw from this research are applicable to other parts of the world or if they're very very specific to this part of the east of the day Aussie. It's not unique even in the dozen 14 odd break in West Africa there were issues of trust Sierra Leone Liberia being also a country that had experienced large scale violence but they were much further along in the recovery process they were about a decade after the war had ended but you still had the remnants of those issues of trust. We're here we're on an ongoing and active conflict so that makes things even more complicated and building trust is not something that happens over overnight it's something that. That's Dr Patrick from Harvard University speaking to James Copnall. Next to the u.s. Where as we told you yesterday the drugs from Purdue Pharma has reached a $270000000.00 settlement in a lawsuit which claimed that its a periods especially the painkiller Oxycontin contributed to the deaths of thousands of people it is also accused of playing down the Dixon risks although the company denies this now as part of the deal of the film will fund a new center to study addiction but with a host of other lawsuits pending against the company as well as other manufacturers will there now be a rush on lawsuits being issued in the United States now from I've been speaking to Byron Meyer he's a journalist who has been following the story since the early 2000 has also written a book called painkiller an empire of deceit of the origin of America's operated be done it back in 2003 I really thought at that time that that we had seen the worst of this that that the opioid epidemic the prescription drug problem had been sort of gotten under control and to see it mushroom and morphed in the way that it has it's been startling This is a problem that that changes and alter in various ways they've been various types of drugs that have been abused over the last 1520 years and solving the problem of addiction particularly addiction to opioids is extremely difficult I wish the people out in Oklahoma the best of luck but I think it's a very steep mountain they have to climb and how bad is it over there it's very bad I mean we have a terrible problem with opioid addiction particularly you know in these new synthetic forms of Fenton l. And counterfeit drugs that are coming into the United States those are the drugs in the last 3 or 4 years that are really. Driving the the growing rates of increased deaths and it seems like Pudu would be a much clearer target in the sunstone to think it's it's easier to target them than it would be to target all those other alternatives which are a far into the substitutes to synthetics Yeah absolutely I mean it's produces a corporation and as a corporation it's supposed to operate by certain laws it has made certain legal agreements as a result of previous litigation or government actions and brought against it there entities they can be you know presumably held to account like other manufacturers of opioids so you know you'd go after companies like that you don't go after the drug right gang in the street if you're seeking to collect money so it's not really going to solve the problem is a tsunami like there has to be a much more wide uprush than just you know going after this one company Well absolutely I mean you know the what we refer to as the opioid epidemic is not a single epidemic it's actually a multi-pronged problem part of it involves the overuse over prescription and over marketing a prescription painkillers like Oxycontin and the other part of it involves illegal drugs like heroin counterfeit forms of fentanyl and so forth so you know the droid that the problem is hydra headed and the solutions to the problems are to this you know multifaceted problem are also very I mean they have to go with on many different fronts and we're going to make it a private and do you think that this lawsuit to the settlement that goes with it against pot you come to think that that is going to result in other people coming off to the pharmaceutical company well there are many laws. Against both produce pharma and other opioid manufacturers and distributors there are little there are literally more than $1000.00 lawsuits out there against produce pharma members of the Sachar family which there is a family that owns produce pharma as well as other manufacturers and of opioids and distributors so what we're seeing in this country in the United States is a massive wave of litigation in some ways one that is similar to the wave of litigation that took place against cigarette makers back in the late 1990 s. And I just wonder Barry you know you've covered a lot of these tours and I wonder just for the sake of illustration of how bad the crisis is if there's one story that actually stands out that will never leave you about the impact of this crisis on people and families in the u.s. Well I it's funny I didn't cover this but I was interviewed about a month ago or so on a television program and there was a woman on that program who come also to be a guest on this program she had been flown in from some town in the Midwest and she had come to tell her personal story and her personal story was as tragic as morning to Mansion and that is that 2 of her sons had died. Separately of opioid overdoses during the same 24 hour period and you know to receive that kind of shocking news twice in a day about 2 children to me is a bad as tragic as it can death but her mind speaking to us. This is the b.b.c. World Service and there is a world of music out there the new sounds from the room make samples of traditional music and electronic beliefs and the rhythm of the streets is in the way we're trying to make new music with all the material and our city called to say solve everything even for all from the Amazon background for me like modern music goes on here put music with the sounds of the world. I'm Catherine Fenner's and for this month's global The I'm in Lima meeting a talented group of deejays and producers as well as some of Peru's exciting new combi a dance band. Joining to meet some of Peru's most inventive artists global beats b.b.c. World Service dot com slash. You're listening to the b.b.c. World Service with me at Butler today Business Daily is looking for African dream it's been a year since most nations signed up to an Africa wide free trade deal this week we hear it could be on the brink of Russia cation But what does this mean when will it happen and is Africa really ready for Africa's free trade revolution after the news . B.b.c. News with David Alston a ship that was earlier hijacked by a group of migrants has arrived in Malta to the country's armed forces to control the boats the ele blue one has been escorted into the harbor at her letter the migrants were rescued off the Libyan coast but they took control of the vessel when they realized they'd be taken back to Libya the $108.00 migrants on board include women and children renewed efforts are being made in Britain by the prime minister to resign May's government to save the BRICs a deal she's negotiated with the European Union the deal has been voted down twice by M.P.'s but Mrs May is now trying to secure the support of hardliners in her party by promising to step down if the agreement is approved the prime minister of New Zealand just sent a rod has welcomed Facebook's decision to block support and representation of white nationalism on its social media platforms the firm has come under pressure after a man live streamed in attack on 2 New Zealand mosques which killed 50 people doctors in the city of one of the worst affected by cycling die in Mozambique or treated thousands of people for diarrhea early symptom of cholera so far only 5 cases of cholera have been confirmed but health officials fear many more will come to people have been killed and 3 others injured in a series of shootings in the Us city of Seattle the gunman 1st shot and injured a woman motorist at an intersection before turning his fire on a bus wounding the driver researchers have discovered a genetic mutation in a 71 year old woman from Scotland who experiences almost no pain Jo Cameron only found out that she had a rare condition called Pain insensitivity when doctors couldn't believe she didn't need painkillers after a serious operation that's the latest b.b.c. News. Hello I'm Ed Butler and welcome to business daily from the b.b.c. Today what it's like for truck drivers stuck in one of Africa's nightmare border crossings they came here only 14 to 15 hours. Here That sounds very frustrating for. Sounds horrible doesn't it but today we hear how Africa could be on the brink of a continent wide free trade agreement is this the dream that some speak of there are massive obstacles here in the way for a Pan African free trade bloc the headlines if it were to succeed is impressive creating 20 to 30000000 new jobs is claimed but there are real concerns cutting Africa's trade barriers and what it will mean business daily from the b.b.c. . Now it's been a talking point for decades how do you get Africa trading with itself how do you harness all that pent up economic potential unsupported for the good of a 1000000000 plus people it is a hot issue intra African trade is currently just a paltry 14 percent of everything the continent exports most of it these days is sold as raw materials or oil minerals and agricultural goods cheaply to rich countries around the world where all the goods get refined and sold on and they're the big profits are made the reasons for this a complex they're often historical but they are urgently in need of reform some say for future African development how as into this at the moment getting stuff across borders as a painfully slow nightmare the B.B.C.'s Will brain discovered exactly that when he visited the crossing in southern Sambir on the borders with Zimbabwe and Botswana so down on the waterfront here I can see just coasting on one of the 3 Pontins that crisscross the zombies the river there's a bright orange cement mixer that's just coming in from the Botswanan side a moving out right in front of us you can probably just hear it actually the metal as it edges away is one single. Truck from Zambia with 8 foot passengers that's all that fitted on the 2nd pontoon going out towards Botswana so you can see why this is an extraordinarily slow process when the queue of trucks behind me waiting to make this journey on this side of the river is 3 kilometers long before you even get to the carpark and it must be intensely for straight because this is not a long stretch of water I can see the Botswanan side and I can make out passengers that what color clothing they're wearing I can see where they're carrying bags on. A bridge of the river is under construction there has been for quite some time. Here then still waiting for their papers and then if may may come by and managed to pay for duty is one of those who knows all about the Waits is Zambian trucker Benson gone he's trying to make his way home to the soccer from a work trip to South Africa. And he's been waiting here because under quite some time study came here. 14 to 15 hours so you'll have literally been waiting for 24 hours for your papers to be signed before you can carry on driving here when that sounds very frustrating and he's by no means alone there's hundreds of trucks parked right down the road leading to the border and in the car park people waiting to edge forward watching their cars playing chess swapping money or just catching up on sleep and everyone we spoke to had a simile frustrating story to tell you my name must be more because your big truck bind is here what's going to be in it it is there where are you going to pick that up from. South Africa and how long will that take you to get there from from here at 15 days and how many of those 15 days are spent here. Like for us in fact so one day but if we find you can it's been 2 days then yeah that's not because the pontoon is so slow Oh I get any floor. This done it when they pleased if it is the deplete now they don't you get paid weekly. How are you. And good what's your name sir my name's on free signal book How long have you been here at the crossing it cost us to do more to for my purpose not people seem to be doing that. Is that I mean revenue of 30 perhaps not the quickest that getting your papers ready this slowest this article regex to travel right across the static region that's the kind of trade area just south africa and Zambia are most of the route so it's super slow I'm a surfer straight Yeah because the more you sit on the one place the more you spend money of your food but being it's money sitting in one place is so disturbing statistics where it could be away from home so I miss my father so much atmosphere from so much and this is an idea about African free trade isn't this free trade area that the governments of all the countries wanted to try and sign this is obviously like a big difficulty to that moving things around in the 1st place should they concentrate on that rather than the rule of the rules h decide African governments Danish age sort of to say that I don't know how to work I don't know how it works I don't know I'm not so sure about that well good luck I hope you finally get to move on from here at some point thank you very much live here for talking to you. And as we jump in the car to head back the road to the Pontine just lined with trucks waiting. Back in the car park bench going way he still waiting for his papers. Life is a calendar on the radio he says it's complicated. And will be reporting that well those delays and obstructions that he saw a mostly what are called non-tariff barriers that dodgy pump 2 forms the you have to fill and of course road. Bottlenecks at the border but lifting the terrorists that the actual government taxes that are imposed on trade would in time make everything else much much easier a year ago this month some $44.00 out of the 54 African nations did sign up to a preliminary agreement the African Continental free trade area it was called now 52 of side the idea being in principle to eliminate terrorists between all countries and in some cases they are stupendously high 60 percent for example of rice important Nigeria which is a country still resisting the free trade reforms last April I talked about all of this with Alan Shearer matted he's gone as minister of trade he says a continental free trade area remains a long cherished dream the dream of a United Africa has been the vision of all our leaders right from the 1st president of Ghana coming home now with Africa becoming more politically liberated the obvious progression is tours economic integration and that is why the signing of this free trade agreement is an absolutely critical element to take a country like Don I mean what you're exporting primarily right is gold oil and gas and now none of those things are really going to go to other African countries are they going to go to Europe they're going to go to America they're going to go to the rich places so how much difference would it even make if you put a low tariff the area with someone next door you know you're absolutely right but remember you're now looking at the new leadership in Africa that does not want to remain in the past when we did a study of the existing trade links amongst ourselves we realize that over 45 percent is in manufactured products when we talk about integrity markets we are not looking at Ghana exporting cuckoo to could have well because they do the same thing we're not taught. About adding value to commodities to underpin this new trade relations and remember the thrust of development in Africa now is more towards interest realisation adding value bit of a standing start though isn't it I mean you know even refining your own cocoa or oil yet at home I mean yes but I guess the point that I'm making this is where Africa is moving to how much of an impediment is it now the Nigeria North South Africa 2 of the biggest industrial sub-Saharan countries are signing up to this deal yet yes it's unfortunate that we think that all 54 sign in at the same time but remember that even those who are not able to sign the agreement where make an adequate reason of support which then opens up the opportunity for them to join later I think you're going to talk them into it well we don't even need to talk them into it because to have 44 countries sign in an agreement which has been negotiated in significantly short period of time I think this is a real credit to the continent Don as minister of trade Allan chair a Maton speaking to me last year listen to business daily from the b.b.c. World Service with me so what has changed since last year well the agreement has now been presented to many parliaments across the continent for ratification and this week at a conference in golly we heard that just one more country is needed to ratify the deal for it to become a reality Perlozzo quake was at the conference she's director of governance and sustainability with the Pan African energy infrastructure conglomerate so horrid group their statistics are showing they were very close to getting this agreement ratified and not just ratified but getting it into effect because presently you have 21 out of the countries who are required to sign this who have ratified it now for the agreement to come into effect 2022 countries to actually ratify it. When those 22 have signed we will actually operate across the continent or across the 52 countries who have signed up so the agreement will come into effect but I believe that that's when the hard work will start to commence because as you can imagine there will be quite a few things to be put into place and it can only apply to the countries who've actually signed up to it before your country can become bound to the terms of it. What difference would it make for the Sahara group for example to see a Pan African free trade area. Or Wow I mean for an African company like course operating on the multi national level that we do with offices opening up across the African continent in East Africa fully southern Africa and West Africa the benefits would be quite significant So for example if you look at the time moving between borders for people because we have people moving from different offices working in different parts of the continent that will mean that we have accept people able to move a lot quicker it will be time saving it would help us basically transfer knowledge at a quicker pace and that is definitely going to add to the bottom line of the organization from the people perspective that's people and services tell me about goods and specifically paying tariffs right now speaks to a substantial degree on materials and goods that are crossing borders Oh yes I think that that affects every business as essentially crossing different countries right now basically reduce Tyrus by about 90 percent if you think about the saving that that would translate to for businesses like ourselves for example dealing in products that have very little margins it would be pretty significant what products you talk. So for OSs we are trading in petroleum products and that's something that we would be hoping to get not just in terms of terrorists for example would also hope that for the products that are being sold it be quite nice to get standardize ation of the requirements for the different regulatory agencies across the continent now you are speaking to be right now for Nigeria Nigeria still holding out all this isn't it yes it's not agreeing to sign anything. Yes that that is the current situation that I know that it's something that's still going to be looked out for just come out of the fresh president presidential elections and we believe that after sessions such as this we've had the pew Pier One of the biggest countries in significant economies on this continent recently signed up to this we're looking to see where the government takes this but we don't believe this has been taken off the table completely burgers or Quaoar of Sahara group with a business perspective but do remain significant political obstacles still to this free trade Dream Dr Alex Vines is head of the Africa Program at the u.k. Think tank Chatham House there are massive obstacles here in the way for a Pan African free trade bloc I mean obviously the headlines if it were to succeed is impressive creating 20 to 30000000 new jobs is claimed boosting in traffic trade from 15 percent to 25 in the next oh yes but there are real concerns the geographical political and economic heterogeneous in Europe the concept means the continent isn't necessarily uniting it is dividing in various ways I mean how there's a dispute at the moment between a political one between ground there and Uganda that makes regional integration in the East African community one of the more advanced regional economic communities rather difficult just now and I see of eluded to governments are also going to have to be worried about the loss of important revenue streams such as trade tariffs which are so important the moment let alone one of the reasons for a big economy like Nigeria not necessary want to sign up to this is their industries and their unions are worried about the impact of opening up for external competition so protectingly less competitive sectors Yeah I mean Nigeria is not currently a signatory as you say it could become one but one of the other areas where you could add visage there being significant problems if and when these 10 barriers come down relatively free competition is brought it. Well many economies rely on customs and duties and so opening that is already for some poor landlocked states would be tremendously disadvantageous I mean think of some of the Southern African states like East for teeny the former Swaziland or listen to who revive rely heavily on the remittances from the savages from the southern Africa Customs Union Sacu And then there is obviously this is a step in terms of Pan African as a man and would erode away some privacy and so the whole politics of subsidiarity is another issue here you know I mean Nigeria for example does has very high tariffs isn't it on rice imports because they want to protect local rice growers No Obviously there's lots of smuggling going on but you would imagine that if and when terrorists disappear on that it would allow cheap rice from outside of the continent also to co-writing across borders and so yes I mean this is the problem that there will be faced a lot of African production is uncompetitive and so you know there will be some winners in this but there will be a lot of losers and then are there the institutions and the ability to improve the resilience and competitive No ness of African production but that's the dream of this there's no doubt that we need processes to boost intra African trade is tiny at the moment from 15 percent given the way that globalization is going on a number of African leaders do see this is the way that they're going to get more sustainable growth long term if they can boost intra African tribes but politics is a real danger of getting in the way of this yeah I mean the politics but also as opposed to just the fact that we're talking about some of the world's poorest people on this continent and if the losers happen to be among those poorest people then even though the obvious benefits of free trade which of course we all know about that one wonders if there's the resilience to protect those who. Really lose out I'd certainly think that learned what countries in particular the reliance of said on duties customs and trade tariffs are going to be and particularly exposed in this way so yes there is you know this is a got to be a gradual process but I do think it's a good one to consider how to build up a new trading framework in Africa that doesn't follow the old colonial patterns which is what we have today assuming this 22nd country comes forward we have the ratification How quickly do you think we're going to see this kind of free trade operation in practice how so I think this will be snail progress I really don't see a tsunami approach to this happening at all I think the easiest part of it was to sign up to it and then to ratify it but implementation as so many things in Africa takes a very long time a sobering perspective from Dr Alex valley of Chatham House so don't hold your breath but the dream of Pan-African free trade could just be the that's it from this edition of Business Daily Man Well we'll be back in the hot seat tomorrow join us then. Hello and welcome to witness history with me and we said. Today I'm taking you back to March 1906 when former United Nations secretary general Kurt Waldheim was accused of having lied about what he did during the 2nd World War Of having in fact served under Nazi war criminal the allegations emerged during his campaign to be elected Austria's president and I've been talking to the American lawyer who helped on earth the evidence about Kurt Waldheim Zwar time record. I thought it. Was a shotgun in the clip yes Gutfeld time was on the presidential campaign trail in Austria when the New York Times broke the story file show Kurt Waldheim served under were criminal Kurt Waldheim former secretary general of the United Nations was attached to a German army commander in World War 2 that fought brutal campaigns against Yugoslav partisans and engaged in mass deportations of Greek Jews according to official documents could fall time of course tonight the allegations the whole story is invented does not sing any way to reach just football time had always been open about having served in the German army after Germany occupied Austria just before the 2nd World War began but he'd always maintained that he'd been in villages out in 1941 and it's been the rest of the war studying in the capital Vienna these new allegations however suggested that far from sitting out the war for all time had in fact between 142 and 145 served as an intelligence officer in the Balkans region where they've been numerous Nazi atrocities and this time the allegations wouldn't go away from w n b c t v This is news for you good evening there are no charges tonight the former un secretary general Kurt Waldheim was a suspected war criminal the World Jewish Congress said it had evidence that involved I was listed as a war criminal wanted by Yugoslavia by the time that this. Story ran I had no doubt that Volcom was indeed concealing a Nazi past that deserved exposure American lawyer Eli Rosenbaum was the World Jewish Congress his legal advisor was general counsel and it was his investigation into Kurt fell time that the Congress had passed to the New York Times time had taken part in the transfer of civilian prisoners to the s.s. For exploitation of slave labor mass deportation of civilians to concentration and death camps deportation of Jews from the Greek islands and from Yugoslavia to concentration and death camps utilization of anti semitic propaganda mistreatment and even execution of Allied prisoners of war and reprisal execution of hostages and other civilians so I must say we could not have imagined that the evidence would be so powerful and so broad could well time would continue to deny he'd been involved in any of this all done anything wrong until the day he died but a lot of the things that you uncovered in the archives in Austria were in the public domain when they including German military records yes there it was on document after document at the National Archives and elsewhere documents that have been open to the public for decades but apparently no one had ever looked until Time announced he was standing for the Austrian presidency he had previously worked for the Us Justice Department Nazi hunting unit you'd worked on a lot of similar cases but you would tool convinced about taking the vote time case when the Will Jewish Congress was 1st approached Why was that we were approached by a Holocaust survivor obviously quite on in years who was very agitated and was saying that there was something questionable about Kurt Waldheim swore record that rumors were flying in Vienna and he understood Vaal time was subject of interest particularly because he was right. Thing for the presidency of Austria and of course was already very well known he'd been Austrian foreign minister most notably of course he's been secretary general of the United Nations one of the most high profile posts in the world the 10 he is yes he was arguably one of the 3 most famous Austrians of the 20th century with Hitler and famous Hollywood actor Arnold Schwarzenegger so I was frankly very skeptical Why were you skeptical I was skeptical because fall behind I had been a very high profile person in New York City where I'm from we used to call New York the media capital of the world and everyone knew that he had served however briefly we thought in the German army in the 2nd World War so I assumed that had there been anything untoward in his wartime past that it would have come out a long time ago but instead of coming out a long time ago Eli Rosenbaum would discover one of the most startling pieces of evidence against the former u.n. Secretary general had in fact been gathering dust in the vault of the very organization he'd go on to lead in 143 the United Nations will Crime Commission was set up to look at war crimes by the Nazis and the allies the commission wound up in 1949 but a lot of the evidence that it collected stayed on file and one of the names in the files with Kurt Waldheim we engaged a professor who did research for us and one of the remarkable things that he found was that Kurt Waldheim was listed by the United Nations War Crimes Commission as wanted for complicity in mass murder and the u.n. War Crimes Commission had given him it's a rating which meant he should be apprehended immediately So imagine that for the 10 years that he was secretary general of the United Nations a time when he was fine. And of calling himself the chief human rights officer of the planet Earth during all that time a wanted file existed somewhere in the u.n. Complex of buildings in Manhattan with his name on it I always say that while that doesn't make it the most important Nazi case of the post-war era certainly not bit is I think it's fair to say the most sensational all I know is that I have seen enough documents from 35 times in missions or signature on them to know that he was pardoned 1st or that seems to me it was even I Rosenbaum's boss at the World Jewish Congress at the Bronfman who announced the new evidence a couple of weeks after the New York Times story which being based on documents that even I had passed to them and suddenly they were this tiny organization at the center of this media storm it was very odd I think in our New York office we probably had no more than 67 or 8 people in the phones were ringing off the hook and there were requests coming from everywhere including of course Austria many of the all strangeness we're interested in this photograph that one of your sources there had given you a young Kurt Waldheim in uniform in Yugoslavia in 1943 with a Nazi officer who'd be late executed for war crimes even now you won't say who that source was but you did have the photograph authenticated by an x. CIA forensic officers that right yes it was a eureka moment and he even confirmed that the particular photographic paper used was paper that was in use at the time the Had being questions about Kurt fall times true Water time roll before but nothing on this scale Kurt Waldheim however continued to shrug off the allegations his campaign managers accused his political opponents of smearing him and he continued to campaign. He has just. Vote time's message to Austrian voters was look to the future not to the past. And it worked didn't it he was elected president in June 1906 with more than 50 percent of the vote were you surprised I think the biggest shock to us was that the Austrian People's Party whose candidate Vaal time was responded to the revelations with some overtly anti semitic campaign messaging and it was the 1st time that a major political party on the European continent had employed anti semitic appeals since the Nazi Party of Germany had shocked the world in the 1930 s. That was shocking deeply deeply shocking could fall time remained Austria's president until 992 but he was banned from entering the United States and was shunned by much of the rest of the World Cup full time does in 2007 Eli Rosenbaum is today directive human rights and Forstmann strategy and policy for the Us Justice Department he was talking to me we said I'll go for witness history this is the b.b.c. World Service where we're asking what it's like being a woman in Nigeria it's a country where women take a leading roles in business media and the arts here where for many feminism is if you feel I'm Kim Janet and I'll be joined by a panel of so successful and have spoken women for some straight talking about my 4 women in Nigeria today the conversation in Lagos at b.b.c. World Service dot com. And it's 950 g.m.t. Sporting witness with Simon Watts going back to March 2000 the name when one of the stars of English cricket Marcus Trescothick announced that he was giving up his international career because of mental illness mixed today it's the forum here on the b.b.c. World Service the world's media station. Welcome to the forum with me Bridget Kendall coming up after the news. In England in his day he was reviled as a baby man the hated and feared leader of the nation's main enemy France but he's own people he was an illustrious general a powerful emperor a symbol affront to strength and far reaching influence sweeping to power in a military coup in the wake of the French Revolution Napoleon Bonaparte ruled over an empire that at the height of his reign stretched across most of Western Europe until he overstretched himself abdicated and was forced into exile so was Napoleon and how much of what we know about him is myth and how much reality joined us on the forum after the news. Hello this is David Alston with the b.b.c. News. Forces say they've taken control of the ship which had been hijacked by a group of migrants the ship is now docked at the capital letter James Reynolds report. The multis Armed Forces say that a special operations unit boarded and took control of the merchant ship the al hir blue one the crew of the boat had originally rescued more than $100.00 migrants off the coast of Libya reports said the migrants feared that the boat would take them back to the North African country so they hijack the boat themselves and set sail for Europe molt up appeared to be their nearest port but the Maltese authorities did not want to let the hijacking stand so they are now in control of the vessel and the migrants the Maltese police will now conduct an investigation it's not yet clear what will happen to the migrants the British government is intensifying its efforts to save the bricks a deal negotiated by the prime minister to resume a which has twice been rejected by parliament and has made his trying to secure the support of hardliners in her party by promising to step down and deal is passed Norman Smith has the latest all the signs are Mrs May's offer to quit has failed to save her deal and while last night sort initial rush of bricks the tears switching to support the agreement it was nowhere near enough solid block of between 20 to 30 breaks a Tears who dubbed themselves the Spartans remain irreconcilable Meanwhile attempts to fortune alternative parliamentary consensus also appear to have founded M.P.'s fail to back any of the 8 bricks adoptions there will be a further series of votes on.