1000 protesters have taken to the streets of Rome to oppose the government's tough new anti migrant law they waved flags and wore yellow vests emblazoned with the slogan Get up stand up for your rights lyrics from a Bob Marley song One protester 7 new law would only cause more difficulties the bill passed last month makes it easier to expel migrants officials in Ethiopia say $66.00 soldiers have been sentenced to between 5 and 14 years in prison marching on the residence of the prime minister Ahmed in October the head of the military tribunals Directorate said they had violated military ethics our correspondent Emmanuelle England's are reports speaking days after the incident Prime Minister Abhisit the move by the soldiers was a coup attempt by people opposed to his reform agenda since coming to office in April the prime minister has undertaken what spread economic and political reforms including the release of tens of thousands of prisoners and welcoming back into the country example to teach ins and political parties but is face some opposition from a party within the ruling coalition which has accused him of targeting members of the once influential to great People's Liberation Front in a joint operation police officers from Brazil and Paraguayan have arrested a drug lord from Rio de Janiero in the Paraguayan capital as soon see on the police said Carlos Ellis Cup to do so had come to Paraguayan to buy drugs and guns for his organization in the north of Rio de Janeiro b.b.c. News. Thanks so much listening to the newsroom from the b.b.c. World Service with all of a Conway the Paris climate change deal agreed with much fanfare 3 years ago is due to come into force in 2020 but exactly how to implemented has been the subject of tense negotiations in Quetta return in Poland for the past 2 weeks the u.n. Sponsored meeting bringing together 196 nations was due to have finished on Friday but it overran by 30 hours still in the end the representatives got there their delegates it gives me great pleasure to invite the c.m.a. To adopt the draft the citizens of on the Paris Agreement Work Programme. Hearing no objections it is so this site. Is the president of the summit me. Environment Correspondent MacGraw is out the Conference my colleague group of Paddy asked him what had finally been agreed Well it's been a long day here in Cardiff it's a long night as well as negotiators went down to the wire really trying to get the operational rulebook for the Paris agreement agreed here amongst all the countries there are some big last minute hitches some big arguments about carbon markets one country in particular Brazil picked a big fight about that but eventually compromise language was found and much of the relief of many of the people in here the text was agreed and accepted by all parties a key element of this rule book is the idea of transparency that all countries are really operating with one set of rules in the future the way that they report and measure their carbon should be on the same set of documents from every country that's a key element ensuring and building trust amongst countries so that everyone knows what everybody else is doing and they can see it as well so that's a key element of that the other element of course is the idea that every country should increase their ambitions to cut carbon by 2020 now that mightn't be as hard or as tough as many people would want here and indeed some people are critical of that that the deal is a bit too soft but I think the practical people here the negotiators feel look we came here to get a deal we have to tough weeks we've got a deal and it's an important step forward for the Paris climate agreement but not how does one go about policing these rules that's a very good question the idea of policing it is something that people have thought about here there will be a compliance committee that will look at countries that are not stepping up to the mark in terms of submitting the document that they need to submit that's a key element others but an awful lot of the powers that be an awful lot of the the effort on tackling climate change is essentially peer pressure no country wants to be embarrassed in front of other countries around the world that's a very powerful force people do not want to come here and say that they're not holding their end up so all the countries have decided to sign up with this there was consensus on it in the end and people here believe. It's a big step forward Mama Crying out of in Poland it's been a busy 24 hours at the White House President Trump announced the appointment of his new acting chief of staff and then less than a day later that he was losing his interior secretary Ryan Zinke he's facing a number of investigations will leave his post at the end of the year so what's being accused of and why is he leaving now questions for a Washington correspondent Dan Johnson It looks like the pressure of just become too great on Ryan Zinke in the signs over the last few weeks were that the president's support was gradually disappearing so it looks like he's decided to jump because he was facing so many different investigations he'd already been criticized over his travel expenses he was apparently letting his wife take government cars even when she wasn't traveling with him he was criticized for that and he drew controversy over chartering a plane to make sure that he made it to a hockey game on time that cost taxpayers $12000.00 there were other questions too about conflicts of interest in some of the deals that he was overseeing as interior secretary because he was in control of vast millions of acres of government land and forests some of the property deals there some of the mining and drilling extraction deals there were questions about how close he was to some of the lobbyists who were pushing for more drilling and digging rights and of course as president trumps secretary of the interior he has been at the forefront of pushing back some environmental regulations and promoting fossil fuel industries which hasn't made him popular with many people who are on the other side of the climate change debate so a controversial figure looks like he's decided to go we don't know yet who will take over but it's another role that needs to be filled the White House there is an interim chief of staff but they still have to find a permanent replacement there it looks like it's getting tricky to find the right people to take over at this White House which is be marked by so much turbulence and they need a top team in place for the new year because the new challenge is to take on a Democrat controlled. House of Representatives the going to have to do things differently that's why some people have left and why there are new figures coming in but still more changes to come at the White House than Johnson in Washington despite 4 years of tension following the annexation of Crimea Ukraine has remained linked to Russia for their shared Christian religion for more than 300 years Moscow has overseen Ukrainian branch of the Eastern Orthodox Church but that religious tie has now been severed at a historic gathering in Kiev Ukraine's 2 branches of orthodox Christianity were unified marking a break with Russia the details from our Kiev correspondent Jennifer. Has this is a religious story but with Ukraine and Russia politics is never far away the cranes President Petro Poroshenko this was a chance to not shop a much needed win over the country's much larger and more powerful neighbor of the to break away from the control of the Russian Orthodox Church and 27 years after independence give Ukraine its own internationally recognized church for that to happen the 2 branches of Ukrainian Orthodoxy have to unite and with the faithful waiting outside in the cold they did just that some of the. Electing a new leader for a new unifying chairman of the of the Metropolitan. Accompanied of course by jubilant President Poroshenko say dear. Every day the show is very gravely yet this certainly this day will make it into history already has made it into history as a sacred day for Ukraine when the Orthodox church of our country was created it's a day when our independence from Russia was fully won and Ukraine will no longer drink Moscow poison from the Moscow Cup one of the most thorny issues lying ahead will be the fate of the many parishes and monasteries that the Russian Orthodox Church still controls in Ukraine there are plenty of people who think they should now be handed over to the new Ukrainian church Russia has already made its displeasure clear and has cut its ties with the ecumenical patriarch the head of the global Orthodox Church in Constantinople Jenna Fischer reporting from here now that look at some of day's other stories his Eileen the African Union says its peacekeepers in Somalia were not involved in the arrest of a former leader of the Islamist militant group last Thursday looked out Obo who is running for the presidency of Somalia's Southwest state was detained during fighting in the town of by Doa the internal security ministry said its forces arrested Mr Roboto and accused him of bringing in militants and weapons the parents of an American teenage boy who took his own life have complained after their Catholic priest criticized him at the funeral for killing himself father Donald Questor in the service questioned whether Mason Hala Berger would enter heaven horrifying his parents and family the archdiocese of Detroit have relieved fatherly Questor from funeral Judy's but the family want him fired Catholicism has traditionally taught that suicide is an unforgivable sin. Egypt has announced the discovery of a new tumor of a High Priest from 4 and a half 1000 years ago the tomb is part of a vast ancient Acropolis since occur where the earliest known Egyptian pyramids are located the walls of the tomb contain statues of the family and colorful inscriptions and pictures showing their activities with scenes of boats bird hunting and religious offerings now to a religious sound not heard for more than 100 years. Was was church bells ringing out in the Philippine town of buying go over them a century after they were seized by u.s. Troops there now being officially handed back in a ceremony attended by President Rodriguez ditto to their budgets. Are returned and if they were severely. Because of the threat of the bill was. Really peed on lesion thank. You. Let it go let it be more and be a Philippines correspondent Howard Johnson told us about the significance of the occasion it's been a week of jubilation here in the Philippines the bell that she arrived at and their base in Manila on Tuesday but made their way down to balance today this is a real big deal for this village people there still sing songs about the massacre that took place when the bells were taken and today locals gathered in the center village awaiting the arrival of President the turkey last year he'd ordered America to return the bells and today he rang the bells that you heard just a minute ago and much the delight of the crowd each time he rang the bell there was a round of applause but really what people care about is the history that happened between these 2 countries you know back in 1992 there was the u.s. Philippine war when the Americans occupied this country the bells were used actually to signal an uprising against villagers against American soldiers who are occupying this religious 48 Americans died at that time but really what happened next is what really caused the controversy an American general said he wanted to make the village a howling wilderness raise the village and killed thousands of Filipino So now that the bells have been returned I actually met one of the grandson of one of the massacres survivors and he told me that he could now move on because America had returned the bells Howard Johnson in the Philippines it's already had its Starfield premiere of another sequel to the 964 Disney hit Mary Poppins is to open in cinemas around the world it'll start in Sharon later this week but can it match the popularity. The original Shaiman and Scott Wittman wrote the new songs for Mary Poppins returns they spoke to the B.B.C.'s Venton doubt if the composers ever felt energy flanker writing their new score that was inspiration available was. Going to go down on. Mary Poppins returns is not a remake of The 1st Mary Poppins film it revisits the same family later the score is new Marc Shaiman recalls how he loved the original songs by Robert and Richard Sherman even at 4 I was fascinated with the sound of the strings in the French horns I didn't know it was French or interest rings but I wanted to know what things that were making me feel a certain way why I was a chord making me happy or sad now say you're not just in the crowd well you can stand up and scream out loud Oh you can triple it or not fantastic with. Now it's shaman with lyricist Scott Whitman who together wrote the hit Hairspray supplying the emotion was. At me all right but when I just get sick yeah the film which stars Emily Blunt and Lynn Manuel Miranda is set in the 1930 s. But did the songwriters and director Rob Marshall ever consider giving them songs to sing closer to today use idiom Rob didn't want Mary Poppins to sing let it go so and we wanted it to live in the same lane Cherry Tree Lane as the 1st movie and we grew up with the movie musicals of the sixty's particularly like the half a sixpence Luckily we were schooled in that as children. Not. Like. This one is the Mark Shaman is the composer of the 2 Scott Whitman says they work together. Other on the words we sit in the room together and basically write a lyric together with a piano Yeah the piano is over there sometimes I'll say that right away but in the last few years we carved out a basically are accusing before I go to the piano after we've phrase associated for a few days then I'll scotch tape all those pages to the piano and then a song really is born not me I mean that. Must win out. Things gone far as. This and Mount Sherman and Scott Whitman were talking to the b.b.c. Arts correspondent for doubt that brings us to our main Well news once again after 2 weeks of negotiations delegates at the climate conference in Poland have agreed how the 2015 Paris accord will be implemented and an independent Ukrainian Orthodox Church has been created after a Council of Bishops in Kiev the move is likely to stoke tensions with Russia that's it for now from the newsroom. We'll sport from the b.b.c. With me James Gregg coming up in the next 10 minutes Manchester City go back top of the Premier League at least for now Juve a when that you're in Darby and we've got a world title night of boxing to look ahead to in New York but we'll start in the Premier League where Manchester City are back on top after a 31 win over evident at a had Stadium 2 goals from Gabrial his city a tuna lead before Everton is dominant Calvert low and reduce the deficit Graeme stilling came off the bench to score a header and City's 3rd to seal the way in and help City leapfrog Liverpool for 24 hours at least on the city manager Pep Guardiola Well I'm getting too excited at topping the league at this time the question is not you know important to the top of that if you're not going to spend to the point in bridge we want to get in after Hawking game chambers league no have just 2 days more than less than 3 days through a generation always complicated and people respond. To It was a tricky and dangerous than just game and there we saw it with the booing was Brazil strikers uses 1st league goals since August that's one of 11 games in 487 minutes without finding the net Tottenham kept their fate title hopes alive for the one nil stoppage time when over Burnley it moves them just 5 points behind Man City and the Tottenham manager Patino was particularly pleased by his team's mental strength Yes I think that is the most because. Of the always Bhushan until today in. Great belief and faith in the way that we play and try. That the safe in needs to please the most of course you can we know you can lose football is ladies but you need to. Drain train. And play in a way that we are playing 18 always is possible to achieve or that you won't last for Burnley day remaining 17th place with 12. Points that's just 2 points above the relegation zone will his that manager Sean Dyche you know just have come to these places we know that you know if anything I only miss or feel like he's we eventually get done by a walk down the pitch which that's disappointing because we've dealt with that will often know very plays that every choice that because that shows the intent that we did with our tactical shite kind of make them have to play longer and play into the box more from Dacre positions I thought that was a good thing but inevitably we did it without final mode to shut Roger venture a fickle get together for a long ball and don't do with it and I was so disappointed in that West Ham beat film 2 nil 2 and a 4th consecutive Premier League win for the 1st time in almost 5 years full a move not kept a clean sheet all say all season remain bottom of the Premier League table Crystal Palace beat Lestat one nil the Eagles win for the 1st time in the Premier League with out that's how it's been Wilford Zaha who does field one nil defeat by Newcastle is that 4th successive Premier League defeat and no wins as well for Wolves and was fit well some day we'll give Liverpool the chance to regain a top place in the Premier League they face the fierce rivals Manchester United and field and the Liverpool manager club is expecting it's up challenge we have to be angry on Sunday and be bilby we fight ballpoints It's not that there's anything we don't solve problems for others or whatever we have our own problems you have on targets we go for them and our top is that you have to ride on Sunday the right stores so you know Manchester United manager is a merino needs to reduce their current 16 point gap on Liverpool but Marino doesn't think that his current squad is as good as he needs right now the football team is not just about spending the money football team is a little bit like a house to house is not just about buying your son so you have to do work in the house and when the house is ready then you buy the Sun so that you spend money in the best possible furniture and then you are ready to leave in an amazing house or will you. Your father. Well far indeed Sundays are fixed to Sea Bright and Chelsea and Arsenal travel to Southampton and the European leagues Cristiana are now those penalty settle the cheer in Darby is Syriac Champions event has maintained that unbeaten starts the season by beating to Reno the finish one nil to the wayside as they remain top of the table in the league or a one nil win also for Real Madrid CBOE calls from a 2 injury time saves that was last point cost and a narrow home victory over Villa Col now to go 3rd at least for a day in the Bundesliga by in Munich threshed and I were 4 nil to record the 3rd straight bonus League victory but they remain 3rd in the table the leaders Brucia Dortmund be better Bremen 21 to maintain the 9 point cushion that they hold both over by an. Glad back Japanese cyclist and Lizza through to the semifinals of the Club World Cup That's after beating the Conqueror f champions achieve us of Mexico the antlers will face the Champions League when Israel Madrid in the next round that's a repeat of the 2016 club willed Cup Final Well the reports of Mark low masses in the u.a.e. Where the tournament is taking place and he saw that until his victory they were good in the 2nd up anyway it was a little bit of a struggle for them but it went on and early on but very much rallied in the 2nd half goals from riots and a cocky situation you know an Iraqi. Problem 31 up and then they conceded a late penalty but by then it was all done and dusted and they can look at heads to a very exciting reunion with Ram which rates 2 years after facing them in the final 26 thinkable Cup Meanwhile I mean from the USA beat the African champions Esperance 3 nil to set up a semi final clash with a couple of it's a Doris win as a River Plate and if you always time the Mexican Boxer sour Canelo Alvarez will make his attempt to become a 3 way it will champion all of our us takes on the w.b. a Super middleweight champion Rocky fielding. New York's Madison Square Garden the fight is the 1st in a new 5 year 365000000 dollar contract that makes Canelo the world's most highest paid athlete in all made up element I mean on that I'm a lot my name has come from the big fights that I've given my career has given me the place where I am now so this deal is a plus I'm happy especially because it's a Mexican who's doing it but it's a fight to have a position in where I am. Should be some fight let's get the b.b.c. Boxing reporter Abbi added Dorian's assessment of the fight on the field the may well be the bigger man and the stronger man because he's a natural super middleweight but Alvarez has speed technical ability which should negates all that he goes into the bouts as heavy favorites though you have to be wary of complacency it only takes one punch in box in rocky field and has nothing to lose this he's opportunity to hit the jackpot and put his name out there in global box in to cricket now where India are 172 for 3 going into the 3rd day of the 2nd Test against Australia batting at the Perth stadium in India captain Vera Kohli is $82.00 not out overnight and partner. Remains unbeaten on $51.00 in the year 154 runs behind Australia's 1st innings total of $326.00 well the India Bowl Ishant Sharma thinks that keeping the captain very Kohli at the crease will make all the difference to chasing the Australia total feel pretty confident when he's betting on the under Greece so. They're fairly good obviously you know we finished the day on a strong position so hopefully the board will continue tomorrow so you know the game right now which I cannot say that it's equal so the model hopefully will be in the 1st session you know and then again when I was in the country the Austria Australia batsman believes that they can make progress if they can take Kohli's wickets and get after the weak India batsman get a couple of good telly. Obviously break this partnership right now and then it's not easy we're going to start up on as a team batting. In the 1st inning you know I've been a big to look at it to write. It still or start off well tomorrow if we do that it will have a chance at the tile but I think we should be quite disciplined in the lead the series will nail after winning the opening Test in Adelaide more cricket news in Sri Lanka all 275 for 9 after the 1st day of the 1st Test against New Zealand in Wellington after the importance of the Sri Lankan batsmen struggled with a New Zealand bowler Tim Southee who ended the day with 5 wickets for 67 runs 133 runs down between them of care to thaw an a and enjoy Matthews followed by an unbeaten 73 by nourish and help the visitors to a decent 1st day score and plate regimes very shortly and finally Belgium all through to their 1st men's hockey World Cup final after thrashing England 6 nil they'll take home the Netherlands who beat the defending champions Australia on penalties that match a repeat of the last final but more updates throughout the day but that's the latest from the b.b.c. Sports. Now in the b.b.c. World Service the recipe for the perfect food chain is very very simple and is so absolutely wonderful So in some childhood memories there's no greater beginning I think because my few journey than watching mom's face try out their one at a sprinkling of pop star chef it's a new love I've been married for a very long time to music and this is like food is a new relationship makes in some can traverse a mistakes were made decades ago with the introduction of Genetic Technologies in plant production with animal production we're going to have to have conversations with the public I've finished with some passion you can start dialogues can connect people I love it the economics Sonny and culture really when you read this recipient from hundreds of pews maybe it's something you mean isn't it children sisters Ruth's the food chain that's b.b.c. World Service dot com. Ahead on the b.b.c. World Service at Boston calling with me Marco Werman John Park won a Rhodes Scholarship an academic honor awarded to only the best and the brightest You don't get to prepare for the now interment because right because you don't expect to get on like this how did he and his family react when they heard the news so I cried and then I cried to my mom who also cried and then we both cried to my dad who also then cried an immigrant story on Boston calling after the news. B.b.c. News with any Me Q After 2 weeks of negotiations delegates at the un climate change conference in Poland have agreed how the Paris climate accord is to be implemented the rule book includes provisions on the contentious issue of how countries report to measure carbon emissions the conference President Tika said the interests of all parties have been balanced in a fair manner but some negotiators have criticized the deal saying it does not put enough pressure on countries to cut their carbon emissions President Petro Poroshenko has hailed the creation of a new Ukrainian Orthodox Church to be recognized as independent from the Russian Orthodox Church Mr Poroshenko said the new church was with God but without Putin Moscow has denounced it as a schism and a political move ahead of Ukrainian presidential elections next year in the latest high profile departure from President Trump's administration the interior secretary will leave his post at the end of the year Democrats welcome the news says Mr Zink he has faced several ethics investigations reports from Afghanistan say at least 20 civilians including women and children have been killed in an airstrike targeting a Taliban commander in Konar in the east of the country the regional Taliban chief is said to have been killed. Several 1000 protesters have taken to the streets of Rome to oppose the government's tough new anti migrant law the bill makes it easier to expel migrants and limits residency permits yellow vest protesters have held or 50 weekend of anti-government demonstrations in Paris and other French cities turnout was lower than last Saturday following concessions by President micro and Tuesday's attack on Strasburg's Christmas market and a spiritual healer in Brazil who is wanted on charges of sexual abuse against hundreds of women is said to have gone on the run his lawyer says the medium will report to the authorities b.b.c. News. Hello from Boston I'm Marco Werman and this is Boston calling from the b.b.c. It's a program that puts a global perspective on the American experience as always it is great to be with you this week brain game adapting to a new country like the us is not easy starting high school at 162 years after everybody else can make it even harder I did not know like how to communicate with others with teachers I did not know what Peaches they want me to do language barriers add another hurdle especially when looking for a job so education is key but we're not going to turn away somebody that skilled with the language barrier we're going to try to work through that barrier and sometimes there comes a moment when all the hard work pays off so I cried and then I cry to my mom who also cried and then we both cried to my dad who also then cried tears of joy that is that's Harvard University student John Park his story of academic success is one for the record books stick around to hear our conversation now maybe you've heard of the phrase brain drain it's what happens to a country when its best and brightest minds leave often for education and then don't return there's a flipside to that scenario the places those people travel to can benefit from brain game in today's program we're going to hear stories about the obstacles immigrants here in the u.s. Face when they pursue their education and how they overcome those barriers Marinette for dairies have been working on these stories with us so what would you say is the thread that runs through these stories Marinette all these stories are really about immigrants trying to pursue their education here in the u.s. a Lot of times when we talk about immigration we are hearing about deportation or illegal immigration but there are a lot of immigrants who are already here who are trying to get their footing into the economy and they're doing that by pursuing their education will be listening to stories about that whether it's people who've just recently arrived and trying to navigate the education system or people who've been. There for a while and want to learn English want to better their skills in whatever job it is that they're doing what are some of the obstacles on the way to that brain game there's a range of issues that we've heard about one of them is that immigrants sometimes come to the u.s. With skills and education but they can't necessarily use those skills because their education doesn't match sure there are certain requirements that they have to meet working here so one person we talked to was France Annette she's from Haiti she lives in the u.s. Now but in Haiti she was a nurse she went to school and actually in 2010 worked as a nurse during the earthquake helped international medical teams and help deliver babies but coming here to the u.s. She essentially had to start over so they not consider or my studies so they just consider only my nursing school so I have to complete a form. You know professional sort of occasion recognized by the u.s. With one of the many obstacles what are we going to hear in the 1st story today you reported this one from California right now that's right the 1st story is about young immigrant students often refugees and sometimes when they come to the u.s. They hit a wall in high school because of age limits my nephew there is thank you for the set up and here's your report my name is Maria Mirza and in 1000 years old we're from Syria 1st it was 13 when war broke out in Syria she stopped going to school it's risky in a special They were threatening other schools there will then like any time eventually Mercer and her family moved to Modesto in California Central Valley we started high school their own way I was terrible I did not know like how to communicate with others with teachers I did not know what teachers wanted me to do what helped her most though was being part of an English immersion program soon her English was flowing and she did well outside of the classroom too I was involved programs. Davies 4th the International Club scholarship club tennis Mercer also wanted another year to take classes and become more eligible for state colleges it's often called a super senior 5th year but it also mean that Mercer would be a 20 year old senior too old for high school from Ursa it mean leaving the only school in the u.s. She'd known I was crying all week I was loth adult ed wouldn't offer the advanced classes Mirza wanted or the same clubs and activities Mersa isn't alone though older immigrant students sometimes doing well in high school and wanting to stay another year can hit a wall in the u.s. Because of their age lawsuits have challenge this saying the rules unfairly funnel out certain immigrant students in Pennsylvania one school district blocked older refugee students from enrolling in regular high school he told Walczak an attorney with the a.c.l.u. Represented to students it was only the older students the school district was really trying to opt its graduation rates in other words if the refugee students couldn't graduate on time and had to stay beyond a senior year that be seen as a knock against schools graduation rate the student sued and a judge sided with them school officials began accepting students through age 21 at the regular high school the dilemma that faces every school district in the United States is the issue of students aging out it's also hard to pinpoint how often students like Maria Mirza face this dilemma over aging out but it's clear that many like her can need more time in high school because of gaps in English or in their schooling caused by poverty or war I can understand. The wealthy I don't know. Lindsay bird teaches high school in the dust of California at the same school Maria Mercer from Syria went to last year bird ran to schools language immersion program and says that 20 students found themselves hitting this wall over age limits it traveled bird to see them trying to. Us to a new school and then feel pressured to leave we're using an age of birth date to push kids out of what is obviously the best education environment for them but some school officials say the students can succeed in other settings and one of those that put adult students like those who are $21.00 in classes would 14 year olds Sirin agreed she is with us the school superintendent she says that adult program shouldn't be considered a negative move if you go with an adult at program such that their learning all the skills necessary than adult add can be a bridge for the students she says especially if they can't get up to speed in high school but Mercer said doing adult ed would have ripped her away from her high school other refugee students wondered just too and went to school board meetings asking to change the age limit rules for some of the students it was their 1st time pushing for change in the u.s. So my name is all and now I'm from Syria 19 years old and. My name is Roy I am from and my name is holy mom I came from Afghanistan and I came to United States I was about to turn 18 the age shouldn't be a problem to reach our goals. My name is I am from Syria I am 18 years old I work hard to learn English honest book my get my grade up I just have to graduate from high school thank you. Mercer also lobby California's legislature to help newcomer students in the end the middle of the school board change its rules in June students could apply for that super senior year through age 20 California has a new law long these lines too but these policy changes came too late for Mercer she didn't have enough time to take the classes to apply to her dream college the University of California Davis but hopes to get there eventually going to go to college I'm actually going to do all the things I'm like in a study harder because I'm sad about it if you're sad about something and you want to do it but you can't that's. And one of the more for now she's working and just like when she had to stop school before because a war in Syria she will what obstacles keep her from going after her dreams Marinette for Doris reporting there we'll hear from her again a little later in the program Maria Mirza sounded so driven to pursue her education and go to college I have a feeling she'll get there but for other immigrants working multiple jobs while raising families it can be hard to attend college or even go to an English class but what if you could learn English at your children's school right after say dropping them off that would be a cool idea and it's what Xavi Staveley saw in the city of Oakland in Northern California. Thank you. Yes it's morning at Fruitvale Elementary in Oakland there's a science fair today and some parents are stopping by to see what their kids have created including one a Casey her daughter's project is all about swine. Flu and slang Ok she's excited to see her daughter's work but 1st she has class here to English as a 2nd language for parents morning. They meet in the mornings here after dropping off their kids might be a practice to be ready. For the mini. How do you spell. Food if. It's. We eat Cathy Alok is the teacher this is the best job so I'm a mom I have 3 kids one on the way and so teaching a class full of moms it's like the best thing ever Oakland Unified is one of more than 100 school districts in the u.s. Working on family literacy. This program stands out because the parents here are from so many different parts of the world and because parents take classes at their kids' school making things just a bit more convenient is critical but it's been tough to finance this program in Oakland the recession hurt funding and it hasn't really recovered since despite the area's big immigrant community Cathy locks e.s.l. Class is packed with parents new to the u.s. And immigrants who've lived here for years or. Where. Their mom from Yemen has been in the u.s. For 15 years but still struggles with everyday English she says this class is helping her understand her own kids better when they talk I understand all of these things and just be full of. Also weaves in what the kids are learning at school things like math it's been really neat to see my students realize that the stuff that their kids are bringing home that they don't understand they actually know how to do a lot also helps the parents in her class prepare for events like coffee dates with the principal but the. Fruitvale elementary its principal last year says parents from the e.s.l. Class come armed with index cards full of questions and they're all like why are we testing the kids can you tell us more about this program it's great to have them asking me the questions instead of me just trying to be like well let me tell you you know let me answer your questions this might not seem like a big deal but research shows that some teachers perceive immigrant parents as less involved and that can hurt how their kids do in school so when immigrant parents are drilling the principal and makes an impact Bella say cuss says she says some of the questions surprised her one of the Latino moms was asking why don't we have more bilingual services for Arabic speaking families in my heart in my grade on you know I wish they would always have the translation in Arabic but it was great to see. One group of families advocating for another there is a review paper here you can't get it Locke is now wrapping up her e.s.l. Class for the day with a spelling bee to parents will it out one is Ok 50. 0. 0 f.t. . Soft seems like an easy word to spell but it isn't because the t. It's hard to hear lock the teacher decides there are 2 spelling with. Ok she looks proud although small trophy next to her daughter's classroom to check out her science project and learn all about slime Zaidi Staveley there and you heard her here on Boston calling on the b.b.c. World Service with me Marco Werman coming up undocumented people understand there are sacrifices that one's parents and one's community members have made for them to get where they are and for Gen park some of the sacrifices have led him to a prestigious Rhodes scholarship and breaking barriers for others but before we speak with Gen we're going to hear about job opportunities for immigrants that don't require a university education think health care technicians electricians or machinists there's big demand for those kind of workers and not enough applicants so some colleges are stepping in and training a wider group of people including immigrants to give them the skills they need to find work Marinette for Doris who we heard from a few minutes ago saw this in action in the western state of Oregon. Or a ball Kasar is at a shipyard near Portland slicing steel into small pieces he's using a machine called a trapper name this is this. This stuff up in a 1000000 another and the lumber he shows me how this but helps us deal with this very annoying coveralls and goggles and often switches the Spanish by morning with what can go with the Muslim close to Mexico like came to United States 2013 now he's 47 and a while. An experienced one too but when a company he worked for left for Italy last year buckets are decided to go to school when we meet he was in a training program a new part of Portland Community College 6 months learning safety standards c.p.r. And how to weld on big ships it's also a program tailored for people like buckets are older maybe without a high school diploma maybe needing help with English which focus our studies at night for me is really a little harder because the language it's also the type of training that longtime alters here say is needed now there's a shortage of welders because there's a gap top Burnett is want to Baucus are solving instructors in the old journeyman are leaving the industry and they're retiring and there hasn't been anybody filling the void and industries being wrong but we're not going to turn away somebody that skilled with the language barrier we're going to try to work through that barrier Amanda Burks and she'll cock agrees with this approach She's with the National Skills coalition which advocates for upscaling labors the unemployment rate is really low and businesses are clear that they need to have enough workers to help them meet their production and service needs that need is clear when you look at welding an industry with big demand but not enough workers Baucus are started welding in 2007 and he really enjoys it more than other work he's done in California it was a fork in a driver and I work in not on different companies he also earned more money enough to let him buy a house in Portland and support his family over the years Baucus are also tried to go to school he only got to 6th grade in Guatemala now he's wrapping his 1st formal studies in the us I'm learning from veteran welders I feel I feel nevers need to pay because I didn't study anything before but I feel really good. During a break the boulders here talk about their welding injuries I had a high. Take right if you're not careful the end of it put it up and stab myself right here was like shocked it went right through me. Do you guys all have battle scars essential to the shirts they were or were scars buckets are jumps in talking about hot slag molten bits of steel that pop off and can burn your skin but if I remove my it's like and jumping right feel like you're a piece of. All of this is exciting to Baucus our hopes teach others one day in the future I want to be lean mean to teach somebody 100 I will lead me supervisor so far he's already lined up a job once he's done training while for a ship builder here in Oregon his best paying job yet with room to move up Marinette for Doris reporting there our next story is about a part of immigrant life in the us that often goes unnoticed it's a fact that immigrant workers are more educated than ever before they're just as likely to hold a bachelor's degree as u.s. Citizens but often that education doesn't cross over which prevents people from continuing the careers they had back home reporter Ashley Cleek noticed this imbalance in the nursing world where there's a labor shortage and there to our programs trying to bridge the gap fronts and as a way defiance was working as an arson Haiti when the massive earthquake struck in 2010 she rushed to care for women I took care of people with HIV to Mordor taking care of the babies to defiance had found her calling but in 2016 she moved to New York to be with her husband she left her country and her career behind because to be a nurse in the u.s. You have to be certified here despite 8 years as a nurse in Haiti the Fonz had to start over I could not work as a nurse so I started working as a. Home health aide helping people with their meds food doctors' visits. Not anything we're allowed to do nursing for defense to be a nurse again she needed to pass the certification exam most nurses educated in the u.s. Nail it on their 1st try but only 40 percent of immigrant nurses make it through the phones tried starting around but the material in the language barrier overwhelmed her when she heard about a program at La Guardia Community College in New York to help immigrant nurses like her prep for the test. On a recent evening about 15 women from all over the world sit with their prep books with paragraphs highlighted in pink and yellow tonight's lesson is on kidney failure vision of their houses what would you expect. Right instructor Phil Graham Burm moves through the answers while another instructor writes out difficult words like create team ketones and I loued on the long sheet of but your paper at least $1000000.00 more nurses will be in demand over the next few years to care for aging Americans and the immigrant nurses coming out of this class are doing really well on that big certification exam with a 75 percent pass rate and that motivated defense to stick with it if people before you made it they pass the exam they come from. They do a lot of stuff you can do that to they not super not to old people but it's been hard for defiance when she got into the test prep program her husband was stationed at an Army base in Florida the founts knew she'd need to work weekends and study during the week and that she couldn't do that well also caring for her baby daughter so she sent her daughter to stay with her grandma in Haiti I sacrificed my family to be able to finish the program she did finish the program and pass the end plaques exam she's a nurse in the u.s. But there's a hitch to work at a hospital in New York the Fonz is required to have a bachelor's degree to the fans has 4 and a half years of college 3 years of nursing so. Well and a year plus of midwife training but the Us doesn't count the midwife part so they not consider are my studies together so she signed up for college part time she should finish in about 5 years but at least with the nursing exam out of the way the Fonz has brought her daughter back from Haiti the families all together now. RINGBACK After work one Saturday Yvonne says husband makes a huge pot of stew their daughter rides a pink bike up and down the hallway. With. The Fonz is pretty tired just finished a long shift at it Alice's lab and still has class work to do for her degree but she says she's thinking of 5 years from now when she'll be working in a hospital as a nurse. Actually make that report you can really hear how happy France and that is to be back with her family John Park also has a deep appreciation for education and family and when I think about Brain Gain he is a perfect example Jim is a Harvard University student He's also a doc a recipient doc of being the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program it protects from deportation undocumented immigrants who came to the u.s. As children until this year gins immigration status meant that he was not eligible for the prestigious Rhodes Scholarship Jin knew about that restriction but he applied anyway I fully expected my application to start a dialogue that's really what it was just from my initial application they really reconsidered what the statements that I was making and they changed a criterion a year so that I was able to apply and 2019 and now Jim Park is the 1st doctor recipient also to be a Rhodes Scholar when he came into our studio I asked him about the moment he found out he won the scholarship so I cried. And then I cried to my mom who also cried and then we both cried to my dad who also then crying because we're because you don't expect to get in like this. You know I mean why do you think the emotions were so high and intense with you and your parents I thought yeah might be a reaction but it sounds like sure that was the Yanis reaction because I think there's just a lot at stake my parents and I were all undocumented growing up under the social condition of being undocumented we knew that there were going to be challenges going forward but having this opportunity imparted a sense of that the sacrifices that they made were worth it in some sense tell us more about that life I know you were born in South Korea you moved to New York with your parents was actually 7 What was it like growing up in Queens and yeah and in an immigrant family Yeah yeah I remember having these experiences so my dad would always come home so he works at a restaurant right as a line cook I remember my dad rushing into the house just his face was completely heroin and he was really panicking and he tells me there was a ice raid at the restaurant next to where I worked and so he came into the house really panicked Yeah and I says Immigration and Customs Enforcement Yeah and so I remember when raids would happen in Queens immigrant community that notified each other that and also say this is where I live if you're an immigrant and you're undocumented You're welcome the state right so these kinds of things were everybody mobilized their resources that I think was was huge last May you delivered a speech at an event at Harvard I just want to have a quick listen to this and that's your question my talents or of my own they were molded by my parents labor shaped by their bowed legs and their blistered hands so Jim tell us about your parents when you said that your talents are indistinguishable from their body of labor what does that say about who they are as people the biggest thing is undocumented people understand there are sacrifices that one's parents and one's community members have made for them to get where they are and for me the clearest articulation of so. Sacrifice that word sacrifice to me was in my parents their manual labor agreement and so the kind of work they do is not amenable to an easy life so to speak and so the reason why this was such a big deal and such a meaningful thing for them was to see in some sense their sacrifice be validated I'm just always thankful to them. You're going to Oxford University you're joining the company of many great artists and leaders politicians what are you looking forward to most at Oxford What do you want to do there are these broad foundational questions that every political society has to define for themselves some of which are who are the members of your community so in America to be who is American how are we going to define membership is it going to be just citizenship or are we going to include some other aspects and to whom are we going to provide the full benefits of membership so these are really kind of even maybe theoretical question but I think in America regardless of who the president is that's where we have to keep the focus because if we don't define those questions any semblance of fair and just and procedural immigration system doesn't exist it is a tough time for Dr recipients the Donald Trump still want to end the program Meanwhile a federal appeals court is keeping him from doing so what is your advice for other doctor recipients just about keeping hope alive that opportunities still exist despite the negative news about Dhaka Yeah so if you remember where your roots are that's where you can derive your strength so for me I always go back to my dad in the restaurant and I feel his hands right there blistered and and really hard and when I think about my dad and his sacrifices that always keeps me rooted and why I'm doing all this to begin with the other thing the reason why I'm optimistic despite all of this is because positive social change doesn't always come from the top and so like thinking about positive social change in a way that's not just feeding into the political discourse I think is important that there are things that we can do outs. Of our political practice that can really change things Harvard University student Gen Park is the 1st doctor recipient to be awarded erode scholarship Congratulations again thanks very much for coming in thank you so much thanks for having me what a great story wishing Jen All the best at Oxford and that is our program our theme today was a brain game if you missed any of our stories you can find them at b.b.c. World Service dot com slash Boston calling or download our podcast there on your smartphone on the podcast up Boston calling is produced in partnership with public radio's the world n.w. G.b.h. Here in Boston for me Marco Werman and the rest of our team until next time Have yourselves a great week this is the b.b.c. World Service with stories affecting women's lives 100 women that comes up from the bottom and you know it's just exploded over the last decade they have videos and they put another page which I'm video audio the B.B.C.'s India women's tennis correspondent id looking at what is being done to tackle this growing problem India's battle with online porn at b.b.c. World Service dot com. And in half an hour on click with Gareth Mitchell new figures say that cyber attacks are a greater economic threat than civil unrest earthquakes as criminals target businesses and people critical infrastructure like power grids national governments be protecting us next it's from Iran correspondents here on the b.b.c. World Service the world's media station. On from our own correspondent after this bulletin the event that drives an Iraqi woman to risk her life to help others I was 13 playing in the streets when he took me just me up and told me I was going to another house to get married we visit an elegant figure from the Catalan separatist movement behind bars the sun was low in the autumn sky when I traveled to the mast and the penitentiary Center and an isolated and on comfortably beautiful spot in the hills above the old Roman city of Tarragona where the 63 year old is being held Also we are asked could the Canadian sports of x. Throwing have a limb pick potential all correspondent gets a lesson Don't worry you'll get the hang of it he reassures me just make sure you pay attention and don't walk forward to retrieve your axe while the other person is throwing there's all that's on from our own corresponded with me. After the news. This is the b.b.c. News Hello I'm I mean key representatives at the un climate conference in Poland have reached agreement on how to implement the Paris climate accord which comes into force in 2020 after 2 weeks of tough negotiations delegates from around the world finally agreed to a single set of rules which includes the crucial issue of how they report and measure carbon dioxide emissions the conference President. Said the overall the interests of all parties have been balanced in what he called a fair manner with approximately $200.00 countries in the room it is not easy to find agreement on a deal is so specific and so technical but if this circumstances every single step forward is beaker treatment and through this package you have made a 1000 little steps forward together you can feel proud. From the conferencing cut of it sir our environment correspondent Matt McGraw has this is cess meant for the climate deal last minute arguments about carbon markets threatened to derail this deal but negotiators eventually found compromise language that saw the hard won rule book accepted by all the countries here the key element according to many negotiators is what's called transparency every country has signed up to a single set of rules about how they measure and report their efforts to cut c o 2 there were also be a committee to review the actions of countries who don't comply observers believe it's a significant step forward however there are many negotiators have felt that the deal struck here doesn't put enough pressure on countries to cut their carbon they argue that it doesn't recognize the truth scale of the climate challenge facing humanity in a move likely to anger Russian president Petro Poroshenko has hailed the creation of a new independent Ukrainian Orthodox Church that follows a decision by factions within the church to unify made it a special council of priests loyal to key if he is our correspondent Jennifer. Ukraine's 2 branches of Orthodoxy have now united into one and chosen as the.
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