And more information will be available after our next program and this is one that will appeal to anyone with a deductive mind it's a shell Kane's classic. Richard Ragan editor of The Times cryptic crosswords and well I guess in the world of Sherlock there is this idea that there's a there's a definite solution to every mystery that must be some it's quite peeling to crossword setters like yes I think it is though I think that's one of the appeals of crossword of pub puzzle solving generally that there is actually because in life life can be messy sometimes you have a problem you don't have to sort it out it can be like an emotional problem or a war or some kind of puzzle of some sort but you know the end of the actual puzzle that someone has set has probably got 99.9 percent of the time does have a solution so there's a sense although you've got the if you like you've got the the puzzle you've also got the security of knowing the something at the end of it and you've got some target to aim for and hopefully it's a pleasant experience actually getting there and every clue crossword clue has an answer unless it's a really strange puzzle and that is that basically So you've got this kind of like can chase if you like which was mentioned I think before this chase we're actually and a chase which you are expected to to actually win and at the end of it you've got the reward of actually a penny drop a light bulb moment and in a in the typical Times crossword between 28 and 32 of those now but they you're a mathematician and I know you're Ok my reaction yes yes I know there is and to a lot of people math or science and and they are it's to feel like they're very separated but did do these these puzzles that involve wired still have the same appeal to you absolutely and again when people think about the 2 sciences an arts there's a debate by a man called c.p. Snow in the 1950s Ni-Cad this notion of the 2 cultures and he said the reason why we are. Solve world problems because people either say it's a bit like a science person or an arts person but the reality is in order to solve world problems need to manage that you get old at the math problems and your word crossword problems I think the best last problems almost are the ones we can get some word ones woven into it do you try and aim for those when you're setting your puzzles but yes because sometimes I think is interesting question what is a puzzle because your puzzles are actually really hard to write because they require the listener to be no brushing their teeth or getting their marmite on their toast I don't like Marmite noise from our might and they get all these sort of had them on inspiration but problems are ones where people get a pen and paper work the systematic way I do as a teacher I prefer to sort of reward the hard work of the ones who get the pen and paper and word ones I think just encourage other people to get involved because you know when you know when you mention the word math a lot of people's reaction of God and you get that I try and I try and beat out of people you know I mean from the beating death of the heart of everything no no no no no we're nice people but I think masked such a negative reputation that when people just hear numbers they like glaze over they call God His numbers on I was probably single puzzle but if you put some words in or make it like an anagram there oh I like words at school or I like reading so I think it's kind of like Gently gently get people into math and if that's using words in crosswords Well I'm all for all that that thank you but the images and considering are tough that this is going to be a very special story from Conan Doyle's the return of celebrations expertly adapted by that cools here is the adventure of the dancing men. Oh I can't throw over this. No gentleman I am Inspector Martin of an office traveller and this is a restricted area though your library I'm Dr John Watson and this is Mr Sherlock Holmes Mr Holmes but it's astonishing the crowing will be committed to 3 this morning when the well you hear a bit too quick we didn't hear about it we anticipated it and came in the hope of preventing it how did Mrs cubic meter of death Mrs qubit Mrs qubit still alive still alive thank God when what crime has taken place here 1st are you acting for the lady now her husband is extremely concerned for Mrs cubit safety of this home I'm sorry to have to hold you know that it's your toilet who's been murdered by his wife. The dancing man buys Arthur Conan Doyle dramatized for radio by birth cools with live medicine as Sherlock Holmes and Michael Williams as Dr John Watson 6 and featuring Christopher good as Hilton Cubitt and Diana Hunter as Elsie cube. The dancing man. It's a terrible business. For a girl if she lives what do you mean condition is critical for doctors when I know . After she kill him she shot herself why him oh that's the question now gentlemen you say you had prior knowledge that something was going to happen here we did You must feel important evidence that I left only the evidence of the Dancing with the Dom saying they might explain later later but if as long as an inspector. Will you associate Mr Holmes in your investigation or would you prefer to be work and then. Be proud to feel that we were acting together and that case if you let him do things in his own fashion he has shed the results with you soon as he can hold a good doctor but I must say this does seem a perfectly straightforward affair like I said the only mystery is why she did it by all accounts a model of a happy couple. Oh help me this is wonderful Yes isn't this imagine ruling over a country for 60 years have you had a king that long I don't think so I'm sure of it and they say that women are the weaker sex. Who would be able to see her from here we suddenly saw the whole thing is just amazing to have anything like this at home this is my home now help my told you cos forgive me Miss Patrick. What puts it funny if you are Mr cubit Why would you call me l c It wouldn't be proper after 4 whole weeks then when would it be proper for months for years well come on. What is your English at a kid say when can you call me Elsie. Exactly how serious I misses cubits enjoy. Going to the doctor the bullet still out in the front of her brain he telegraph to London for a specialist the operation successful when will she be able to talk perhaps never has a strong child should be affected mentally down. How is Mr Kubert shot inspector straight through the heart where were the bodies in the study and what positions he was face up in the center of the room she was crouching near the window as well as the weapon lying midway between them and why you assumed it was the lady who fired one of her husband she had proto burns on her forehead where the gun was fired at very close range there were none on him India. He was facing his hatchet who fundaments Becta of the maid Saunders and Mrs King the cook. Do you want to examine the room now Mr Holmes No not yet I want to talk to the star. Oh look at that one he looks just like your friend the Reverend any Wattles the same way look. You pretty well you can refresh you just need someone who doesn't weigh every word before she speaks to you and you can't know how much I've enjoyed these last weeks how about you how have you enjoyed your holiday in the big city Oh yes good that's good. My dear yes help. What's wrong I'm afraid you'll think me an old fool I believe that's very unlikely but why didn't you ask me a question help me when you found out for sure I was woken up by an explosion explosion you mean a gunshot Well the obviously that's what it was sir but it did seem extremely low in the stillness of the house. Carry on Mrs King and then as I was getting out of bed there was another one another explosion Well yes I thought perhaps that one was further away did you hear them to Saunders Yes just like Mrs King 2nd and then we went downstairs together the hall was full of smoke and this man how smell Oh come now did you know which room your master and mistress were in the study door was open and a candle was burning on the table I see that you do in order to stay in the doorway while we went inside the master was lying there now move in and the mess just oh cut it blurted it was horrible to say it must have been a terrible experience for both of you are you never seen a dead person before so I was Mrs cubit unconscious when you found. Which is going. I realize that this is painful for you but it's a social that you tell me everything when you went into the study was Mrs cubit still cautious yes sir that you say anything or make any effort to speak well it's might believe she was trying to say somethin so there but it was beyond her strength of all the bad. Mr Holmes so harsh girl known when was going to use what you want to say. Well begging your pardon sir. But what they're saying is that my mistress Cal the master Well it just can't be true so she couldn't get away she would not in a 1000 years you must believe that. Thank you. Yes thank you. Miss you. Well my dear to the future. Yes To The Future. That's very good. Thank you help. I've never had a better excuse to drink champagne Nor I. Go see Madea. Forgive me but is everything all right I'm the one who should be asking for forgiveness. I'm spoiling his beautiful dinner what's wrong. Man I hope. There's something I want to say to you go on. I've had some very. Disagreeable associations in my life I want to forget all about them. The past is very painful to me my dear if you take me Hilton if if you take me. You'll take a woman who has nothing she need be. Personally ashamed of. But you have to take my word for it. Promise me it won't ever ask about anything that has happened before we met. If you can't promise if that. To heart. Then go back to your Norfolk and leave me here alone. I've booked the carriage for 10 30 tomorrow morning we don't want to be late at the Registry Office thank you. Thank you. Now let's have some more champagne the windows in the study where they open only one was to hold it was closed and fast you can confirm that Mrs gate Yes you said the hall was full of smoke when you left your bedroom you smell the gunpowder straight away or not until you arrive downstairs Oh straight away Mr Holmes Yes So that's the truth as soon as I came out it hit me how significant detail inspector I commend it to your attention. And this is Mrs King might. Look Mrs King mom. It's going to take me a while to get used to that Mrs King steak and kidney pudding is unequalled in the county I love steak and kidney pudding I hope there's someone here is good at letting out dresses that would be songs as Mom this is my idea the housemaid Hello Saunders Mom are you really good with a needle that's not for me to say Mom come on don't be modest Mrs King bad day there was a man well bring me some of your work after dinner tonight Saunders I'd like to see it Mom if I'm going to be a proper English lady I'm going to need a lady's maid now aren't I Oh. Yes ma'am fine you my goods Thank you all for your wonderful welcome I'm going to be very happy here. Where. 2 cartridges fired usually yes and yes. It was lying exactly here here yes. Doctor. He says going to chance it was painless death was instantaneous it's like you go into a local doctor of a bullet struck him in the chest he collapsed backwards and fell as you see yes. The bullet still in his body Holmes and the bullet that injured the lady is still in her brain that's correct so fired and to well it's accounted for exactly that how do you explain the bullet struck the edge of the window here. Or if you do see that because I look for. Oh see my idea what is that Helen the letter for you and me. From Chicago. Who are. Thank you. My dear. Of course. I should be in my study until I'm sure enjoy your book. This time the whole case around if a 3rd shot was fired a 3rd person must be present it's quite so well who was he I mean how did you get away all the doors and windows of fastener when Mrs King and soldiers left their rooms they were immediately conscious of the smell of gunpowder Yes you said it was important I'm afraid I didn't quite right was any moments after the guns went off the fumes couldn't possibly have spread so rapidly without a through draft so when the shots were far this window must have been over not all of the shots necessarily but how did it come to be shot when the servants or I was in your confirm that a person in shock frequently performs the most Monday in everyday tasks quite unconsciously I mean closing a window. Yes that's quite true I George there is this Mrs cubits hand that yesterday's has been moved only just enough to examine the contents that's exactly where it was dropped through you can see where it struck the edge of the death before it fell. Fascinating course in it. Could have us how much inspector 2050 pound note stratum gracious me a 1000. A singular lady. Oh hello oh my dear did I startle you. Knew of course not isn't it a lovely day yes have you seen the stable boy no not this morning why I want to give him a piece of my mind on terror he's been talking damn silly pictures on one of the winter so pictures what sort of pictures homes this gunshot or how was it the Mrs King and Saunders didn't heed it that it was the whole. Mrs King's testimony of what. You. I was woken by an explosion and you said an explosion you mean a gunshot Well obviously that's what it was but it did seem extremely loud carry on Mrs King and then as I was getting out of bed there was another one another explosion Yass but she wasn't sure she was not told so thank you what you see Inspector I'm sorry for the dark forgive me but is this the way you always work together yes here's the important point exactly what Mrs King what I'm certain about you could hardly been indicted that was a 2nd so it was the nature of it that made it hesitate. And I thought perhaps that one that's the 2nd one was further away that it wasn't further away it simply wasn't as loud as the 1st explosion followed by an ordinary gun shot but of course it wasn't an explosion it was 2 guns going off some are telling us but George Well I explained everything judgment I don't know what to say this is wonderful. But I rather think we've exhausted all this room continuous Let's see what fresh evidence the garden has to offer. Look I don't think I will go here at all it's never wise to accept the 1st conclusion that presents itself. Let us see. A man. Not happy as probably not oh lord. Yes he approaches right. To the right when it is you just stand here for yes a little time. And then he brought up. Now. That it is one of the 1st the cartridge the 3rd but also the gun had an object or so this is America. I think inspector but our case is almost complete. Ha. May I speak to you of course trying to come in. What is it. It's the mistress. I mean really we're all really worried about her so. Yes Saunders So my forgive me but if she ill so should we send for Dr part. No Saunders I don't think that the Dr can help isn't there anything we can do yes yes I believe there is a total I thought I saw one the tribe 1st thing in the morning I'm going to London . Spencer there are several points that I've not been able to explain to you yet you think I don't think I've got so far I guess proceed on my own lines and clear the whole matter up once and for all just as you wish Mr Holmes so often we get our own don't you think we shall we shall Yes I have all the threads in my hand that's good enough for May 1st of all there isn't any hole or motel in the neighborhood known as l. Ridges. Hope I'm sorry sir hope there isn't not that I've ever heard of there must be. Assemble stuff. I've lived here all my life so there's no such in I'm sorry gentlemen this is all Ted. Why he's a pharmacist That's right the Lord knows he's not so active these days I hadn't heard word of him in a twelvemonth the moment is a lonely farmhouse very lonely so after having heard what happened here during the night maybe not so. Soreness I want to note that till a stable but a satellite. This whole thing's out of hand out of our hands yes for the present if you'd like to stroll with us while I think we can help you possibly interesting and profitable our. First Premier of this hope business has run Mr Cupid engaged who is to look into the mystery of the dancing men housing men or a keep cropping up with Oh I've seen nigh the whole you know here really dancing but it's time that situation was rectified. The dancing meant. What but it's just a challenge group just a trial scribble that see exactly what I thought and why do you attribute any importance to it Mr Kubert I never should doctor but my wife does. This child's scribble is frightening her to death. Was nothing stronger magic man was listening to Mrs Cupid Yes it was the 2nd manifestation of. What was the 1st they would talk on the windowsill it must have been done during the night what did you do had the most off I thought nothing of it until I just happened to mention them to Elsie. The lot of my dear you're sure you're sure that's what they were of course i'm sure why you so concerned I told you it's just the stable boy Hilton I want you to promise me something of course it's whatever you want if it happens again if any more come I want to see them straight away I don't mind telling your gentleman I was amazed that she should take it so to heart a 1000 pities that we don't have a copy of the 1st Roy did your wife recover from her shock Mr Cupid not entirely Dr No she was on edge all the next week as if she were expecting something to happen exactly 0 and when it did. What is it I just found this lying on a sundial took. Let me see. She fainted just from the sight of this. I don't know like the woman the starving described me quiet level headed independent and strong was a cubit So an assessment so you can understand his anxiety that was yesterday morning judgment since then she's looked like a woman in the dream I swear there's terror looking in her Do you consider going to the police they'd have laughed at me but I know that you were after me you would tell me what to do. I'm not what you'd call rich Mr Holmes but I'd spend my last copper to shield my wife from danger. Don't you think that your best plan would be to make a direct appeal or he'll want. To ask her to share her secret with you a promise is a promise Mr Holmes if she wanted to tell me she would it's not for me to force her confidence but I'm justified in taking my own line and I will. Then I'll help you with all my heart. What did you do when it was obvious that these hieroglyphics had a meaning but this one sample was so short that I could do nothing for terminus Cuban come back here was an instruction which presumably to make a copy of any fresh dodging many messages that are yes I take it we can call them letters exactly self-respect How long do you have to wait a fortnight. I tell you gentlemen this business is killing my wife by inches it's as much as flesh and blood can stand. Take this is to give it thank you Dr. Mr Holmes my o.c.d. Is wearing away before my eyes. Has she said anything yet. She hasn't. Oh. Oh where are you oh. Very well. Why are you sitting here by yourself and the. One. If only you knew her touch me to see you so miserable. I do know that. I do. My dear. Your family. It it's a very ancient one isn't it Denise the name goes back centuries and she's. And I know you've always taken great pride in your reputation and your honor Well yes of course what would happen. Just supposing. I. Go on. I can't. Forgive. She simply couldn't bring myself to say any more. I guess I was too clumsy with her you know now I think. That you found out several things for yourself a good deal Mr Holmes I've several fresh dancing men pictures for you. 3 of these are identical. Must. Think I'm more important gentleman I've seen the front. Page seen the man who'd been drawing them yes but I should give you the events in order to physically the messages. I mean no more amazing the 1st one I'm afraid. Did Mrs Coo bit seedy No her husband had them washed off a soon as he'd copied them. And then he decided on more drastic action. Good God. What are you doing up at this hour I couldn't sleep come to bed not until I've discovered his doings to have told you it's just some sort of stupid joke that's all some sort of joke a practical joke you shouldn't take any notice of comedy if you know what you're saying. Hilton if it really annoys you why don't we go away somewhere we could travel a holiday good things happen on holidays the driven out of our own house what is it what's wrong come to bad well talk about in the morning what did you see. Me How did you. Go I say. So now that. He's gone. It sounds to me that she was more concerned about the stranger So if you're going to husbands are getting a look rather sordid I'm afraid Mr cubit was of the same opinion it's because of a little 1st I'm. Anyway you know you had a lot more of these figures help told. Us. That the thank you yes of the symbols of purely arbitrary had may well be impossible to solve gas if the systematic just straightforward substitution. One man equals one less on the trajectory is exactly why some of them upside down for it because it would be difficult otherwise to find $26.00 variations when once you've exhausted arms up down all bend and vex the same as much of the trainer after. His time walk in said the man with why some of them appear to be carrying flags Well I suppose it could have been just another variation like being upside down but I don't imagine it was that simple as it turned out Inspector Yes it was. A bit odd. Gone. For goodness sake have a break because it's. Just. You know what was the matter oh aspect come of my brain look look look. You see that and there and then that I don't follow rags each frag marks the end of a word I should have seen that hours ago after that it was simple simple parrot speaking but I'm familiar with at least 160 different forms of secret writing and this one this one was new to. Begin everything hinges on the fact that he is the most common letter in the English alphabet you'd expect to find it most often in any message even a short one after the old is not speaking roughly it's a no i m s n h but come next they don't know that the lady's name was Elsie We had 3 messages with Eve blank blank blank as their final word and so you got the l.d.s. Do you know you well what about the Russian entry the more letters I got the easier it became. That well Dan thank you but Portis is only a means of least I can take a practical step at last. What I'm most a matter we're all going to ask me who I'm telegraphing if I did would you tell me No Mr We're in the business. Exactly so no I'm not going to ask you it wouldn't be logical to share excuse me. That. This is also knew so well there was some useful information in the messages vital information as it turned out and your telegram was to terrify a vital point oh. Yeah it's so cool and we spent an inpatient couplets day his waiting for the replies. Oh. My gosh. My apologies. What do you think of the empty house. As a title the empty house I don't like it. You have a better suggestion Oh. And was it. Bush's boy late deliberately. Walk. The walk perhaps we should go there to north of us is telegram you're waiting for is it really so crucial to blunder in without all the facts could be as dangerous as doing nothing at all I wasn't suggesting we should blunder any more dangerous. And with no option but to wait none. Well. I might be in a better position to want to that if I knew who he is. What some you know patience puts me to shame. Drink. Yes yes yes think. In forced you know activity here gives the opportunity for reflection and contemplation it's a valuable thing and should be welcomed with the joy you really said the fear is. Here. I think you. 2. Patients here drink to that. Another theory says the patient says it was rewarded you believe it yes. The empty house. Yes but what. I had here. Was. Not your reply. Just some letters. This was from Norfolk asked. From Mr cubits. More dancing men thank you. Than this morning on the pedestal of the sun dial l c. In your letter. Where known that aren't obvious from the context. We have left this affair go far enough look. God the last train here had just gotten there we came on the 1st available one this morning and you know the rest you know well not really Mr Holmes what our of each message is what's this whole rough Arab boat did you get out of your telegram hear us as we were leaving Yes I think we should go back inside it's nearly time. You understand Saunders Yes are excellent off you go very good so one last thing Mr Holmes you are quite correct your mistress is entirely blameless in this whole affair and you say that little gentleman. Very well. You asked the doctor to remain upstairs with his patient I did and have the OS is safely out of the way. I think quite all set up a couple of the Barton. Striding along as cool as you like as if the place belonged to you when a spectator you'll need your handcuffs right good talking to me now I think we should take up positions behind the door. Now silence. In the air if you please don't you. I suggest you remain exactly where you are not. Nice and slow no. Matter. I don't believe you're going just yet it's hardly polite x x x just 1 May I present to Mr able Slaney up a city of Chicago and just who the hell are you unfortunately for you one a close friend of Wilson Hargreave of the New York Police Department God damn the man yes I thought that name might mean something to you Commissioner Hargreave has a high opinion of you slinging. The most dangerous crook in Chicago no less who are gentleman you seem to have the drop on me good and proper but I am here at Mrs Hilton cubits invitation Now don't tell me she helped to set this trap Mrs Hooten cubit was seriously injured last night and he's fighting for a life no take it back so she's not hurt she returned burdened wounded by the sight of her dead husband loses a trick it's nothing but lies why should we have a useless name if she's heard that then who wrote this letter what do you think you're going to take it easy come up or I'm not going anywhere. Who wrote it did. You think I'm a fool no one but us knows the secret why one man can invent another man can discover lies or lives. Across. Apes leaning at the ridges come come come outside. If I shot the man he had a shot at me 1st and there's no murder in that. But if you think I could have heard that woman then you don't know either me or her I tell you there was never a man in this world not to woman more of a damn strange way of showing it who resists Englishman that he should come between us she was pledged to me years ago I had 1st right to her I was only claim in my own a woman is not a piece of properties you brought about the death of a noble and on rebel man and driven his wife to despair that's your record in this business Mr a bustling name and your answer for it to last will see does I don't care what becomes of me and what of the lady lives the best case you can make for you also is there absolute truth are you aware that Mrs Cuban or suspected of the murder of a husband who the very least you won't have heard is to make it clear that she was in no way a response to tell us exactly what happened here and why. There were 7 of us in a gang in Chicago and Elsie's father was the boss he was a clever man it was him I would venture that code that would pass as a child scrawl unless you have never a key to it and they'll say learned it from him oh he had his brains even when she was little she learned a good few of our ways but she couldn't stand the business jet a bit of money of our own almost money yet. Honest money Oh as soon as she was old enough she gave us the slip and got away to London where you tracked her down and made her life a misery. Over all of you being in this country a month I tried everything I could to get her to come away with me and when your coaxing didn't work your turn to threats the final message inspector. Elsie prepared to meet like God. That one worked. She said me a note I I was the meter here 3 o'clock this morning. It's good to see you gonna leave me alone. He said to come here are you mad you couldn't have pulled my bread away with you know see I love you doesn't let me know none of my has spent my day now look. What the hell is that it's money well I've got to take it and go how do you think you can pay me off mike some sirens. Damn near. I'll do it for you. There now go and get dressed your common with me I want to you know. How good it was like. What's going on those. Hills I'll still question don't do anything stupid as well as this is the man you've been exchanging messages with behind my back it's not anything like. Out of high joy you. Have to listen to me I've listened to you quite enough no came Mr I don't want to use their set. Oh. The only part of what happened here that was obvious to war and I agree fun to shame the woman you claim to love trying to take on life. Taking away the Specter with pleasure Come on you till I see your 1st no one can see the least disturbance could be fatal. Mr Holmes inspector if I ever again have an important case I hope I'll also have the good fortune to have you by my side. I was lonely gentleman. What does it say your new to him. Simply come here at once the content didn't matter only that he was convinced that came from a lady. So the dancing men served a purpose for good at last and you have something unusual for your new book Yashin to me but I doubt if I'll ever write it up but what we failed in me an innocent man killed his wife at death's door. And the something else. Something Slaney said . Will a jury see it his way do you think it's impossible to say. Any case speculation is pointless we'll know soon enough it's in other hands and. You're right of course. But if I had any say in the matter. My friend. 8 minutes past. 340 is our train. Abe Slaney was condemned to death at the Winter assizes in knowledge but his penalty was changed to penal servitude in consideration of mitigating circumstances and in the certainty that the dead man had fired the 1st shot of Mrs Hilton Cubitt I only know what I have heard that she recovered entirely and that she remains a widow devoting our whole life to the care of the poor and to the administration of her husband's state. In the dancing ma'am. Holmes was played by Clive Madison and Dr Watson by Michael Williams. With Christopher God as Hilton Cubitt Diana Hunter as Elsie cubit and John go to ASIO as a slimy. Inspector Martin was played by Peter Tosh Mrs King by Joe Graham and Saunders by Subaru field. Violinist was Lana treatment. The dancing man was dramatized for radio by but cool and directed by Patrick Rayner . That was the shadow crime story the adventure of the don't sing man from but cools completely radio adaptations of the Baker Street legend and a lovely line in that one man can invent another man can discover. You are listening to Dr Hannah fry Codebreaker a selection of Saif is in Secrets from the b.b.c. Radio archive. And Bobby Ok listening to that I know show the m I 6 will be trying Matchstick Men any time saying inclusion is not strictly hard science isn't it really is and again when I teach my students sometimes I think all Mr Siegel learning I'm awesome go and use it in your life. One Secondly there are things about mathematics applications are incredibly important and I know prime numbers in particular we see them in secure transactions again you know we send a message on whatsapp we pay for a chip and pin the reality years belies on the large prime numbers to keep our data secure is actually. I'm sure Hannah has their Millennium Prize problems these are 7 problems in mathematics and the final the Riemann Hypothesis which is all ultimately boils down to the distribution of primes and this recently a mathematician the late great. Year has won their Fields Medal from the able prize litter like I don't think the Michael Jordan of mathematics in recent times and he claimed to have solved the Riemann Hypothesis I think that the solution I think wasn't perhaps widely accepted it was a beauty it wasn't the day for you know of the word for his method of solution all the banks are on edge and they were generally thinking if you had solved this this could lead to prime numbers being more predictable as it were but luckily or unluckily given your perspective the proof really wasn't very rigorous or not been rigorous enough subtly our prime numbers are still secure for now because the whole point of this is that when it comes to encrypting stuff when it comes to keeping secrets a secret is the way that it all works at the moment is by using these enormous prime numbers every day as I going to simple example could be imagine we've got the number the number that sort of sent secretly across the internet when I'm sending a message to Hannah saying I'm late for the meeting and that message is sent as the number it's a number 15 because every letter can be transferred transferred into a number and as I want exactly so then that 15 we can easy work out what 2 prime numbers make up 15 Ok so the point here is anytime you want to send a message any time you want to keep a secret a secret you have to use these enormous prime numbers all banks I mean everything relies on this write ups reserve prime numbers are not just something you seen as. Cool exam paper without them our modern technology security encryption wouldn't stand for the kind of building blocks aren't they you know they are always like in in chemistry about a little you got atoms and different colors of paintings the primes are the absolute fundamental building blocks of mathematics Well yes of course it's at Reagan as if the Times cryptic crossword your clues I mean they've acquired knowledge sometimes think that's right they do chess notation maybe they're the last in that's right not as much knowledge though as they used to do in the old days a lot of times crossword clues from the dim and distant past relied on solvers having knowledge of Milton Shakespeare I mean we still expect people to know things like how but they were certainly there were references in the old days which would be far more obscure and certainly more obliquely referenced. Are clues nowadays tend to be more complicated I would say but more democratic a very good example I could give you is the Times crossword as quite a few crosswords in the past used to for some reason also have a quotation clues in there which is quite literally just a quotation with a missing word so it would be like I don't know to be or not to be that is the blank 8 letters a very easy example I can do I can get that one turn that a few years ago in when the Times crossword still had quotation quotation clues in it as part of its armory they would appear occasionally in the Times crossword championship which we used to hold in posh hotels all over the country and a chap was telling me with great dismay of his memory once of taking part as a competitor in this competition and he was faced with a clue all is but blank. 4 letters Macbeth and he had he'd been left into solving this crossword with something something s. And he just hadn't if you not if you didn't know the quotation you did not have a clue what it was going to be the answer is actually toys but unless you know the quotation remember that it could be anything you'd never guess 19 or so so we try not to do that and and obviously while knowledge is is needed for the crossword we do in a cryptic clue have 2 ways into the answer so if you've never heard of a writer or a scientific term and we try not to put things in which we don't think many people have heard of but we haven't heard of it the chances are you'll be able to build the word from the word play so in that sense that's why I'm saying it's more democratic in that sense but we there was talking about the use of encryption incomplete is an intended that does do well does dissenters ever use computers or is it still pen and paper Oh no most most of our setters use computers we use computers to build our grids with the Times crossword and in fact probably like a lot of Crosswords we have a set of good templates that we use we just pick a grid the reason we do that is because we have grids that we think are sensible and fair and we don't want to rely on people making up their own grids because the chance they won't work and they've got to send the whole thing batteries will get very messy and so it's best. To use a set of grids those are usually held most people would use on the computer filling the grid with words which would be the next step of compiling across would most of us would tend to use software for that as well not I stress to not not I hasten to add press a button and the grid becomes magically field of words that is boring and you may because computers aren't intelligent will fill the grid for you but they might fill it with lots of unsuitable boring words lots of S's and so we we would tend to use that software interactively so we had maybe would be left out in a piece something he summed thingy something l. Pre-sales a bit of a boring word but your list might give you the word prequel for example is a really nice word it's not obscure it's sort of interesting it's got a q. In it so that's the kind of thing we would tend to do and build it up. And you just we would start always really by filling our blank grids with the longer entries because believe me if you start with the shorter words you really are going to get into trouble quite quickly so software for that I think I believe we do have one or 2 of our older setters who do really pencil but software rules know this now we were talking earlier about you teaching coding to your students but you also teach stories about history's greatest case saying there's a Elizabeth in conspiracy in particular yes transporter cells back to the Elizabeth era and we all love the tales of you know Queen Elizabeth the 1st there are the most iconic monarchs but she had a cousin who wanted a throne Mary Queen of Scots and again when I put up a slide of Mary Queen of Scots and it was the 1st all because it says I know that and the like are great because it I think in lessons if you give gives us a window where they get their hands up there they hooked in so we all know the sad state sort of story of making Scots in the end I think in early 1587 she put her head on the block and chop. The question is like how was it just a normal sort of of someone her and she was telling tales and actually involves a cold something called the Babington plot so her and a few conspirators while the medical corps was in prison for trying to work out how they can overthrow Queen Elizabeth the 1st and they were sent messages I think apparently put inside a sort of Beer Barrel cork inside it and they were sent messages in a sort of secret cipher code so they have things like an a could be a square a b. Could be across the seas one thing and I thought in and out and occasionally report like a spurious character just throw people off the trail but what Mary Queen of Scots didn't realise is that the person delivering the messages was a double agent so this double agent was delivering every message to Mr Walton I think so Walsingham who was the Queen's by master and he had a crack team of Mahmoud you actually want chap called. Thomas Philippa's who used to crack the more and eventually there's a message I think that Mary Queen of Scots sent that was cracked and said the affair is being crossed prepared I may suddenly be transported out of this place and that gave the warning to Queen Elizabeth the 1st that yes she's going to skate and Queen's with us really want to execute her cousin but with this compelling evidence she had no choice at all because the code was cracked exactly map's going to answer her just cracks Well there is a tip in here because Sherlock Holmes is point about the frequency of the letter he also holds to be an archaic something with considering. This is a question to both of you really because compete is a device is a machine there are only going to get more powerful Do we risk losing that human element of intuition I seeds a lot of my students because of out my students who say I'm single I don't need to know mass because I've got a calculator in front of me well you know example one of my lessons of the year it's about 1213 year olds we're working out the height of kids in the class and one child had average size like 5 meters and it was one of them to see what the other 5 meters and everyone in the class look at as well if you don't I mean short I think more the numbers are at 1.5 meters the other gargantuan 50 meters and those if you have the calculation so as the computers only do what we tell them to do so I guess as consumers use as we started our intuition that step of like all does that make sense you know not internally to situations yet we still need a human to go and say Does that make sense about you Richard I think a few years ago there was a rumor that the Daily Telegraph's going to start using computers to set their crosswords I think it was more a question of filling grids from databases. But having a stock of question with these sort of that point of view yes you could but you need the ingenuity really of the clues in the 1st place but of course this is particularly would be poorly worrying from a from a central point of view because you kind of our youth. It was the door and so this is our repository of clues and we don't want you want any more setters and from a solar point of view of course would be terrible because they would start seeing the same clues over and over again. Now a little bit more for the codebreakers The don't see many is unusual because the person who seeks help does not survive and this is a fact of the kind into a story about Orange pips if you devise the number you have by the number of orange pips in that story this number will help you crack the code confused good. For young Saudi women dream of romance and excitement we miss you or so Miss Laura thought far away in the Maddie Anyway it looks like it might be my turtleneck what but reality gets in the way did you even try to persuade her of course I did but she got distraught and she needed help who is for heart of heart what about my work a dramatization of the jar a son as a bestselling novel it's like one of us has a fatal illness and we have to maximize on every last 2nd goals of Ria today at one on b.b.c. Radio 4 extra. B.b.c. Sans music radio podcasts this story begins with a body but this one is a little bit different join a team of forensic experts as they were field the secrets behind the crimes are listening to Story Of everyone who comes into this military how has this person passed away and what contributed to their death it's not a crime to be curious to.
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