Hes a good football player. Large studies of Breast Cancer is casting doubt on the effectiveness of mammograms. The upside of down, why failing is the key to success. When you fame, fail smart. A zoo in depp mark is under denmark is under fire after deciding to kill a giraffe. Back stage there are a tonne of people back there. A lot of girls are anorexic are 14 years old. We begin with michael sam. The College Football stars public declaration that he is gay three months before the National Football leagues draft mutts him puts him in a position to be the first openly gay player in the n. F. L. I understand how big this is, no one has done it, its a nervous process, but i know what i want to be. Sams revelations was praised from the white house to the sake a homophobic backlash followed. Im joined by chris cluey who has been outspoken about homophobia in the n. F. L. , and we are joined by host of edge of nation and a contributor to al jazeera. Sports illustrated interviewed many, and found that the n. F. L. Draft will make sams path to the n. F. L. Daunting. What is your reaction . It is disconcerting. You gave some of the les inflammatory statement. Well get to the inflammatory ones in a moment. Saying that a gay player would chemically unbalance a locker room is bad. The part that is distressing was that none of these anonymous n. F. L. Executives were willing to own their own homophobia, putting it on the players, saying the locker room is not ready, the players. It might take a decade or two. Instead of saying this is actually our problem. Statement. Statements. One is blunt another said chris, since your name came up in a quote. Do you thick its different to have a confirmed player out there, and you commented on twitter that the story shows that its not the players that are the problem, that the front office is the problem. Yes, its disturbing to see, you know, men who are supposed to be in leadership positions. These are the people running teams, that they have the viewpoint. It shows you what they are thinking about is their own problems and difficulties dealing with a gay player. Im reminded of the richard shermin situation where the word thug was used as a code word for something uglier. In this situation it was used as distraction. Everywhere said michael sam was distracting. Really what they are saying is i dont want a gay player on the team. Im going to make up something else. We need to call them on it. We are saying they are blaming the media. Cowardly. They are cowardly. A lot of n. F. L. Gms are people that like to effect a personae of being tough guys. Here they are, sounding weak and very scared. They sounded completely incapable of confronting the realities of the 20th century. Dante said if having a gay player is a distraction to the team, it means you have a loser of a team, the n. F. L. Season is made up of distractions. Michael sam said he told his teammates in august. And they were supportive. Hopefully players will not judge me because im gay. They see that this person worked hard. I cap, its a workplace. He played the season. His teammates had no problem supporting him. He had no problems keeping his secret. If College Players do it. Why cant n. F. L. Players do it. Thats the thing, if this is a distraction that michael sam would be. We should welcome the draction. They had a fen om knoll season. When you look at the distractions that the n. F. L. Dealt with, mike vick, riley cooper or tim tooebo, eric hernandez, there has been so many other things dealt with, and somehow the league is still going. Why will a gay man bring it to their knees. What are the chances for him at the draft. A lot of people are sporting to the player who came out towards the end of the career and nobody signed them. I think it will affect the draft stat awes. Teams will pass because hes gay. At the end of the day a team will pick them up. To not do so would be to blatantly reveal the fact that it has been run by homophones. I wouldnt be surprised if they were on the phone saying, talk to the gms and coaches, and make them aware discrimination. Most players that come out as gay have done it at the end of the year. Assuming sam gets drafted. Can this mean that this will be the Jacky Robinson moment. History doesnt repeat itself, but it rhymes, theres only one jackie robinson. The first is not 1947, but the similarities cannot be ignored, not the least of which if you go back to the 1940s, they sounded like the blind quotes in sports illustrated, speaking about distractions, the locker room, putting it on the players. Bax offshoring their own bigotry basically offshoring their own bigotry to the players. What we are looking for is what general manager has the courage to be a 21st Century Branch ricky. Just caring about whether the player can play. We have a couple of months before the beginning of may to see what happens in that draft. Good to have you both on the show, thank you. Bsh purposing to breast turning to Breast Cancer, should women over 40 get mammograms. Some say they save lives, and researchers say the evidence of that is murky. We have reports on the latest findings. Most doctors preach this message Early Detection saves lives. Start at age 40, get a mammogram every year. Its nothing new. American doctors valued mammography sips the 1970s. 40 received a mammogram at an average cost in total 8 billion. A study states a consult apt at the mao clinic goes further in addressing the risks. You may be called back, have a different ultra souped or bi ultrasound or biopsy. It can lead to a false positive. It states thats over 20 of women who could be getting unnecessary biopsies, chemo therapies, radiation and other treatments. Joining us is the former chair woman of the breast clinic. And dr malicaarshall, on staff from harvard medical school. What do women do with the situation . Most women hate getting mammograms, but they get them annually. A breast exam is just as good says this report. Here we go again with all the information swirling around us. Im one of those women who is confused. Im confused. What this tells us is that women need to sit with their physician, talking about Family History, the risks of Breast Cancer and come up with a plan based on that conversation. In some cases a report says a mammogram can do more harm than good, leading to false positives treatment. Its true. Its not something to take lightly. A lot of people think why not screen women, if its a false positive, theyll get over it. Having had a false positive myself, it can be disturbing and alarming to women having to under go further test. I thought about my children. Sometimes the anxiety can last for weeks or years. What we want women to be aware of, we dont know. We are teasing that out. This study was a large comprehensive study falling on the side that mammograms may not be as effective as we thought they were. By no means am i telling women not to get a mammogram. But they need to sit down. I spoke both my doctors and they didnt agree. Report . The study used film mammography in the 1980s. Its old data, old information, technology changed and we have dimming tall mammography. Good studies showed digital maamography is a good tudy. We have to study. We have to be aware that technology has changed. Im wary about the technology. We have heard so often that its important to detect any cancer early. The Study Questions that, saying there was no advantage to finding cancers too small to feel. Do you agree. No, i dont, and with the technology we have, and we are detecting cancers early, we can offer Treatment Options to save the breast and prevent the need to have extreme treatments. The fact that they did not find cancers early is questionable. By having the ability to find it on a mammogram at a time when you can treat it, women have a better prognosis and Early Detection saves lives. Dr michelle craig, a Breast Cancer survivor is skeptical of the study. Im a survivor. Theres no way ill wait more that a year. Is she making the point. This has to be hooked at much it will be looked at differently by different women. We are talking about women with average rick or high risk may path. In general, we are talking about averagerisk women. Again, it means we need to have the conversation. I dont think well come up with a definitive nature. Women need to understand that, medical science is not static. Unfortunately sometimes we get conflicting data and have to look at the big picture and figure out what it best. Im talking about conflicting data. This is not the first study causing confusion. A study recommended women should have it every two years. Play. We are talking about womens lives. The gepp fits benefits outweighs the risks. I want to go back to the fact that averagerisk women with no Family History can develop Breast Cancer. To say we only should use mammograms at high risk. You cant tell a woman of no Family History that she wont get Breast Cancer. It comes down to the personal values of the individual, taking in the risk factors. Weighing the risks and benefits. Women in their 40s an have an aggressive cancer. With the ability to have a mammogram, its effective in finding the cancer early, than waiting 23 years later when it grew and there was a different prognosis. Despite the study. We can continue to recommend mammograms. The National Cancer institute does too. Change. I doubt that therell be changes to society. There are other organizations with thoughtful thingers and scientists. They are trying to figure out the best changes to make for women. Many organizations have come to different conclusions. Therell be different opinions. Anyone you ask may have a different recommendation. Individual women need to talk to physicians they trust to talk about what they should do. Thank you both for joining us on this important topic that affects all women. Thinks. Consider this will be right nobody likes to fail, but everyone does. My next guest says everywhere can, but we need to learn how to do it wise by. Embracing risk and learning from failures is the key to success in business and life. Im joined by the author of the upside of down why failing well is the key to success. Good to see you. By all accounts and everything i know about you, you are a spectacular success. Off the top of the book you say you are a spectacular failure and are proud of it. Why . Ishesz because, frank i i look at things i have, my great job. I have is great job because i was unemployed after Business School and it took time to find the thing that i was meant to do. I love my job, excited to go to work. Had i not had that, two years beforehand. I might not have dared to become a journalist. My first job, the journalist, paid 40,000 a year, a third of what i expected. The period of when i got to the point of i didnt know where to turn found an amazing job that i wanted to take. Failure gave me the courage to do it. You say theres a good and bad way of facing. What do we do . First, stop. Doing the same thing over again, expecting different results a lot of us do that. We feel bad, we beat ourselves up. We rehorse what we did wrong. We should say failure is the price of doing something you dont know how to do, and often because no one has done it launching a now product, trying a new career if. If you do it, you fail. Like if we play tennis, no one is good at it straight away. You hit a ball thousands of it. You tell a story of the best example is thomas edison, spending years to invent the light bulb. He said i have not failed, i have just found 10,000 ways that wont work. Thats the attitude. Colonel sanders is a story. His wife left him. He was sick losing jobs. Finally he gets a roadside cafe and the state of kentucky builds a highway. He ticks up. It goes on the road. He tells restauranteurs give my 0. 05 for a bit of chicken and ill teach you oh to make great chicken, had he not failed, he would have been the proprietor of a modestly successful cafe, and Kentucky Town wouldnt have been heard of. You talk about kids, a trophy, and more than 40 of College Fresh men were found to have had an a average. My experience, my kids go to fantastic schools. You were oaked down about it, when you arrived comaparted to other kids. None of the schools give them class rankings. If we want it to do well, we need to understand thou too. The best metaphor is the monkey bars. They had concrete under them, not mats, but no one died. You learnt you were afraid. When you got to the top, with the attempts and fear, it ended in the best feeling you have had. We deny kids that because we are too afraid to let them take any risks. They get to 18 and they are in a passfail contest where they get the school theyve dreamed of or go to a Safety School and it feels terrible. We should set people up along the way to understand that, you know, failure is not an end, its a process. You cite examples from the business world. New coke and what happened with the Cocacola Company when they introduced new coke. Replacing their formula. The company understood that it messed up and pulled back. Thats something you address. You have to pretty much recognise what happened and accept failure. They shouldnt bet the farm. They replaced an iconic product. They did one thing right. Once they saw that things were not going well, they turned around quickly. They recognised it was a huge mistake. They replaced it with old coke, and you know what, from that, they reintroduced people to what they love. They did better about that. You talk on the other side about corporate failure. You talk about on a bailout. You use a term groupidity about how it happened and led to the failure of gm. Yes, its the idea that we act stupider in drops than in person. You look around, and when everyone else is acting like things are okay, you figure well, it must be. It can go in reverse, and to go back to kids, you look at the parents who are protective. None of us died. They are protecting kids against risk, because it feels like all the other parents are doing it, it must be what you need to do. On the flipside, when others act like something that seems dangerous and scary, like gms declining market share. They were acting like it was okay. I guess this is safe, i can carry on as normal. You discuss reallife situations. You address the unemployed. In the end. I dont think the book was meant to be that. Does it end up beak a selfhelp being a selfhelp people. It ended up being a selfhelp book for me. I failed a lot and pulled out of it. The first chapter i researched why do people procrass tippate. I spoke to a psychologist. I handicap myself by being afraid to take risks and beating myself up. That didnt go well, lets learn lessons and move on. I confessed to her, and she said me too, she said, im completely like this, but ech ily heard myself saying i suck at this, this is fun, but it took her a long time. Ive been bon that journey. These days when i do something im not good at i think, wow, im doing something i have never done and am learning a skill. Books. In the book its the upside of down, while failing well is the key to success. Thank you for coming on the show. What if we are failing because we dont have the right information. Every economic decision, down to an individuals decision to buy a house, is informed by leading indicators, including gdp, unemployment, the National Mortgage rates. Our next guest says the indicatos are outdated and dont give us the information we need. So why do we use them and whats the alternative. Joining us in new york is zackary carabel, writing an edgy optimist column for roiters. These decide election issues. You go into this historically and look the gdp and say these things came out of the depression, they were needed back then, and you said in the book that the world those numbers measured back then was a world of nation states making stuff. Are the numbers anacaristic and out of such with the world. I wont say they are acronystic, but they are increasingly so. We live in an economy the United States of services. Its not grounded on factories making stuff. Thats a huge source of political, social and economic concern. We have a set of numbers. They dont do a good job of app turing intellectual or ideal outlets. Most of us didnt notice that of the bureau of economics became bigger, because they tried to factor in intellectual property. Or lady gaga, and the work going in to sell. For all the flaws, how do they decide how much to stimulate the economy or what to pull back. There are two things going on. Useful numbers, whether its the u. S. Government or the Chinese Government to understan what is going op for the system. There i think you can have an argument for macroeconomic policy. Whereby some of the numbers are useful. If you listen, not many are listening. One of the things said was even though the Federal Reserve said theyd shift their policies based on the headline Unemployment Rate, she said that rate is less useful. It doesnt capture underemployed our part of time unemployed. We saw how the official establishment rate went down, a little more than 100,000 jobs were created. Here . Its not accurate. Any statistics are a set of human being trying to mash a lot of data into simply numbers. Part of what she is saying, and anyone who recognises this, that you live in an commif of 320 million economy of 320 million people, a global economy. Information that flows easier. And money that blows. A simply average will not get there. You understand that theres more complicated work. And ill take the moment. You mentioned the Unemployment Rate. That is one you get into. The way we use it is like a statement of were photocopying well. You ming during the 2012 election you mentioned during the 2012 election. No one is elected on certain rits. We have only collected the information sips 1948. We toept have enough dont have enough information to make the conclusions that we make about the world we live in and routinely make. Its a classic case ofin norted dakota, theres not the rates. If you are an African American male, youre in the mid 20 . You have an incarceration rate and the job picture is dismal beyond belief. We had the businessman, saying ipp flayings, numbers are crazy. Accurate. Theres a school, and i think imjim is in this. Hes a colourful guy, believing that the government is cooking the books. And the boys in chicago, i dont think that is going on. I dont think these do a good job of what they were designed to measure. They are not supposed to measure whether you and i are experiencing some sort of diskelent between the income and what we are meant to live on. Its not meant as you and me are too expensive. You warn that people shouldnt be focused on the rates because it could be different where you live, you talk about the trade disparity, and its not as bad as numbers show. You say that there are issues when it comes to america creativity and what it makes us not do. The numbers are treated as absolute guide posts that we decide how are we doing. Very little individual decisions, or Large Company decisions will be meaningfully guided by the numbers. Again it doesnt matter what the numbers are. If you are a person, your Unemployment Rate is zero or 100 . It doesnt matter what the National Mortgage rate is or are housing prices going up. It matters what it is in a 20 mile radius of where you are going to buy a home, or what the unemployment dynamics are. You are a journalist, doesnt matter what the national Unemployment Rate it, that is what it is for that profession. We plate a lot of stock in the numbers, and the stock market. Im suggesting that these are okay at giving a general sense of a systematic reality. But they were not meant to help you and me figure out our world. They have become markers in a way that they should not we. We focus on them too again, its the leading indicators. Great to have you on the show. A zoo in copenhagen is facing out rage for a decision to youthan ace a giraffe because he was surplus. He was disexhibited in front of a dissected in front of of a crowd, including children. Despite adoption offers from other zoos. Now it comes as a different zoo considers putting down another draft. Its instrument. More than 1700 animals are put down every year. Earlier, i had a chance to speak to jack hannah, host of jack hannahs into the wild. I must warn you some images and video you are about to see are graphic. Joining us from jupiter florida is jack hannah. He is the host of the syndicated tv program jack hannahs into the wild and jack hannahs wild countdown jacket. Lets start with what the zoos skype tisk director had to say. He argued 2030 animals 2030 animals are culled. Do they cull animals at zoos, did they at colombus zoo . No, and we were founded since 1926. You and i both heard about this. I heard from great esque, insensitive to unbelievable. Not one person, and you dont know the tonnes of stuff if had, not one person said they understood what was going on. We dont understand how a beautiful animal like that could be killed. Let me be devils advocate. The man said that the animal was killed to protect it from inbreeding and protect the diversity of giraffes. Is that an argument worth making . Hes correct. We have to protect the genetic diversity. Nothing was wrong with the animal. Why did they breed it, number one. Why didnt he find a home for the animal. There were a lot of zoos in europe. I was told one man offered 1 million. I would have personally raised the money, me, myself, my own money. I had people call me. I would have brought the animal on a boat. Weve had 10,000 acres. Definitely giving the animal a home. Like you said. Genetic demographic management. How many visitors understand that. None of them. What are we here for. We are here to teach families about how to love a creature. What do you do here. They announced it, shot the giraffe. They cut it up in front of the people and feed it to the lion. Thats natural in the wild. Not many people see what i have seen around the world in africa, asia, south america, north pole, south pole, have i seep predators, have i seen how it goes down, the results and con conassumption. I dont think its education where you shoot an animal, and cut it up in front of families and feed it to a carnivore. Maybe something is wrong with me. Some are different culture. Give me a break. 36yearold. Theres nothing wrong with you. Everyone agrees with you, they dont understand how they could have done this. Even though this is not an endangered species, its a threatened animal. You said you would take it on the property, there are reports that someone afterward half a million to have the animal. A lot of other people would have been willing to come up with money. There wouldnt have been issues offiversity. Why would they do this. They are trying to figure it out. Ive never been stumped. Why are they doing it. Its national the kids should learn. When you come to the zoo logical park, 98 of animals in zoos come from the zoo. If i need a giraffe, i can help them. I can do it with catz, all kinds of cratures. That is what we want kids to learn, to sit and learn what the app mall is, and why you should love it. We worked hard in the zoos here. We worked hard to teach people that. What will this teach everyone. A kid in the other building said mr hannah, are they going to take our giraffe from our america. Talk about credited zoos, the copenhagen zoos is part of the zoos and aquarium and have rules to protect the species, ipp chewing the forbid including the forbidding of transfer. My question is well, how do you protect an animal by killing him . Exactly. The animal had a gene pool with too many of them. Thats fine, they can only go to credited institutions. Something like that was going on in our country. There are private breeders that spend a lot of money on keeping the gene pool clean. There are some that dont do that, they are not good breeders. I realise that, we know that. Accredited. They are great people in the animal world. We know who they are. Theres people like that in europe. Dont set a standard that onward us can save the world. It aint going to work that way. The good lord didnt put youing here saying only the credited zoos can gave the world. We dont hand someone is a giraffe that doesnt know how to care for one, we make sure it goes to someone that has the money and a reputable person. Tas hor tible its horrible to here this happen. One man said my children colour of the giraffe. Columbia are blig a platform to people can stand and feed them. They have seven vertebrate in their neck. Kids learn these things. Will you learn it by pitting a giraffe there putting a giraffe there and cutting it up this giraffe had seven vertebrates. We cut it off to feed it to the line, would you do it to a pappeda im being radical or a gorilla or another animal. Why would you do a giraffe, an animal known by everyone. Good to see you, thank you for your time to address the sad consider this will be right todays data dive is charitable. Mark zuckerberg and his wife topped the list for the 50 most giving americans, giving away shy of 1 billion. The top 50 donated 7. 7 billion. The majority going to education and family foundations. In second place oilman George Mitchell died leaving charitable requests. Nike founder came in third giving half a million to help the fight for Early Detection of cancers. Michael bloomberg split 452 million, and john arnold and wife laura gave 300 million to round out the top five. People that can least afford to give do. The atlanta reports the richest americans, the top 20 of the earners give away 1. 3 . The bottom 20 give away 3. 2 . Utah is americas most giving state because of mormon tything. Southern states filled out the top five for most gaving and red states in general gave more than real reporting that brings you the world. This is a pretty dangerous trip. Security in beirut is tight. More reporters. They dont have the resources to take the fight to al shabaab. More bureaus, more stories. This is where the typhoon came ashore. Giving you a real global perspective like no other can. Al jazeera, nairobi. On the turkeysyria border. Venezuela. Beijing. Kabul. Hong kong. Ukraine. The artic. Real reporting from around the world. This is what we do. Al jazeera america. Al jazzera america presents. Documentaries from around the world that inform. They were bombarded with shells. Inspire. We can deal with our conflicts. And touch our soles. It was my dream to get a high school diploma. Award winning film makers create create unique perspectives. Everybodys different here. Just gotta tell ya, it was just a very magical moment. Al jazzera america presents. On Al Jazeera AmericaAl Jazeera America. We open up your world. Here on america tonight, an opportunity for all of america to be heard. Our shows explore the issues that shape our lives. New questions are raised about the american intervention. From unexpected viewpoints to live changing innovations, dollars and cents to powerful storytelling. We are at a Tipping Point in americas history Al Jazeera America. Theres more to it. If any industries female employees suffered a sexual harass the rate of 30 , it would probably be shut down. According to a survey, thats what its like for models in the fashion industry. While the industry is enjoying its latest moment in the spotlight questions are raised about the mental and physical health about the models that magazines. Im joined by a working model, founder and director of Model Alliance, aiming to bring ethical standards and change to the modelling industry. Shes the coauthor of picture me, a documentary on the current industry. And also joined by a model, and a member for models alliance. 30 of our models get sexually harassed. Threequarters are exposed to drugs. It almost seems low. How does it happen. I started modelling when i was 14, so a lot of work i do with meredith has grown out of my personal experience. For the most part its a fantastic business. Modelling can be a great career. Until now its been unregulated. Its the wild pest. You see young girls, 14, 15, 16 working in an adult environment. You wrote a powerful article about your experience, and you brought up over the last decade 20 models committed suicide. Given the fact that the industry rate. Some were established models. Some were every day working models. When you become a model. Its not like you are becoming a supermodel. A lot of day to say work is showrooms, unpaid runway shows. Be pay you in trade. Coupled with those things, they can bedetrimental. The average salary for models is not high. Thats taking in gun like giselle taking in someone like giselle. Its the average model. The average model is making less than that. No protection whatsoever. The numbers of models that have Health Protection is worrying. We formed the Model Alliance in 2012. We had the support of models like cocoa recha, and others, and a lot of support from the industry. The thing that was nearest and dearest to my heart is that children were not covered by labour laws, so we introduced a bill last year that would include child models and the same protections that cover all performers actors, singers, dancers. Im fraud say the governor signed the bill into law in november. Its law in new york protecting models in new york, but theres issues with other models around the world. What worries me, and you have other achievements, and maybe we should talk about that first, you got vogue to change its policies, when it comes to how thin models are. Often people looking at the industry and the images of models say they are anorexic. But the reality is eating disoorts are a problem. Most dont realise that when you have a 15yearold girl who is representing the ideal for female beauty. Thats problematic you have a different body time. But even a twiggy would not be pressured like today. Its scary. I have a lot of friends, a lot are thin. Not every model will have an eating disorder. Its something that is it perpetued. Its an idea of never being thin enough. When i was 19 i was tall and skippy. I thought i was fine. To me, as a woman, that is thin and young. I was told to lose moteling industry measures in pounds. My body is not able to get down that that weight. E went on a diet that the agency gave me. I was sent to new york and had a great time in terms of meeting friends. I dont know, it was a strange environment to be in and i think agencies perpetuate that. I have a lot of friends. They start as young bright girls are. That is one of the things you write about, and you have dealt with is the prefens of depression prevalence of depression and anxiety, 68 is one of the numbers i read. What can you do with the agencies. The modelling agencies make a tonne of money. Why cant they give you Health Insurance are protections. The agency would say they are companies. Fun legalities they can get away with. What is the moral thing to do, money. There needs to be more oversight of agencies. When you consider how young many of these girls are, often english is not their first long wige, its kind of language. Its a recipe for problems. We are not talking about middle schoolers who are starting as models. Protected. You mentioned Health Insurance. Thats an initial ty. Natural youth enrol. Day is february 15th. We have a partnership where we offer access to good, Affordable Health care. We are registering members. How often do you think things will change. It will be slowly but surely. We are seeing the child labour law. The article that comes out is that a lot of models are not under 18 during fashion week and are about four or five days. Its interesting to see that, for me, from my stand point, slowly but surely people will pay attention, and hopefully models will be on board. Its an important time to raise the questions. Them. For more from new york fashion week. We can check out the photo essay. We ask people what their ideal of beauty is. The show may be over, the conversation conditions on the website or google . A warm welcome to this al jazeera news hour with me, david foster. This is what we have coming up in the course of the 60 minutes. Damming information of starvation, abduction and torture in north korea. And kim jongun may be held personally accountable. The commander of the free syrian armies being sacked. We looked at who will repla