fire and exploded. and the statement mentioned that those were 3 service men. the other base is about 730 kilometers southeast of moscow. it's called the ingles air base, and that's where the bombers are stationed. the long range bombers and ukraine says, a wave of russian missile strikes caused power cuts across the country. they targeted energy facilities in the capital and several other areas. and these 2 people were killed in his upper reservation. preston, mazda lensky says. most missiles were shot down my air defense systems. at least 7 people have been killed. an explosion in northern afghanistan happened in the city of mazar, e. sharif explosives on a road side were detonated as a bus was passing by 18. others were injured. indonesia, parliament has approved changes to the pillow that would criminalize sex outside marriage. this applies both to citizens and visiting foreigners. the new criminal code must be signed by the president to become law. indonesia will transition from the old coat. the new one in 3 years. protest is in mongolia, have dispersed after storm in a government palace. officials had ordered police to use force to break up the crowd area on monday, demonstrated, according for an end to corruption. china has been holding a public memorial service to honor its former president, john demean who died last week. a nation wide, 3 minute silence was held. the sirens sounded present sheet. jim ping led tributes to the former leader. 96 rose garden shanghai from leukemia and multiple organ failure. the top leaders of south africa's governing party say they will not adopt a recent report on a scandal implicating president silicone poster of misconduct. hawaii independent panel found the president may have violated his oath of office or to find to report the effect of large amounts of cash as far as it briefly attended the african national congress meeting. he says he will challenge the report in court the any feel it is all that the any see will vote against the adoption of the report. section. 89 panel. given the fact that the report has now been taken on review by the president to don's military rulers. and the coalition of political parties have signed a deal to end a political standoff which has lasted for months. the grievance is expected to pave the wave establishment of civilian rule and elections and tens of thousands of people in the us state of north carolina. we'll have to spend days without electricity following gone far to electric substations in more county state. governor roy cooper says criminals intentionally sabotaged the grid on saturday. there's $8000.00 homes are still without power doing freezing might temperatures. i will continue to get briefed on this investigation as it continues. and i'm sure that we will learn more about motives of this intentional attack and attack that damage and a tire community. regardless of motive violence and sabotage will not be tolerated. at least 34 people have died after landslide, barry, the bus and other vehicles in columbia a to the victims were miners while the country is interior minister says 9 others have been rescued to life on the vehicle and on slide, which was caused by a strong rains occurred north west of the capitol hill guitar. well, those are the headlines. news continues here in al jazeera that softer as their wealth. with ah, the state of vermont sets at the mouth, the fed ramp and golf at the eastern end of the era peninsula. it's always had good relationships with its arab neighbors to the west, as well as with iran to the north. when there's been tension in the region, a man has also tried to remain neutral and has favored mediation. so don, ca, boost bonsai, decides ruled the country for 50 years and is widely considered to have been a visionary statesman. when he died in 2020, he was succeeded by his cousin sultan high thumb, been thought it on site. the albus id dynasty has ruled romance in 1749, and in january 2021. so con, hey thumb nominated his eldest son as crown prince as strong sign of continuity. but almonds long history is not well known outside the gulf region. before oil was discovered in 1962 fishing and pearl diving were its main sources of income, it was a trading nation and was colonized by the portuguese in the 16th century. it once had a vast empire stretching down to east africa, but also had a strong british presence for over a 150 years. in this film we go back over the last 500 years of harmony, history of tribes, wars, rebellion and colonization, and explore how and why homan still plays an important regional role to day. and the man at the head, the fun, oman adam to dad. maralie had thought if he at the head that on oman thought if he had cobra so terribly or silly a shall we let her mind her leo, i'm sad one that the out of her my bad sir had a mine will, hadn't a living wish will a harley and daughter to my lot, lot of you have 2 more to he did well below for the either, either didn't mo, at it fear, sir. her limited really far us county examiner might be lucky that you are on harley, few buxton kalika shamela to her the hill emperor authority or cath, our killer sir elisha, clearly a free affair, nebraska half warnesha marlon larson delgado, general van into her dude, mozambique heather. and a clean goodly i'd worry, he let you come and be her daddy. he and hulu. michel were not in my ye? yes. metal washington? so coffee eaten? well, how body it and why he did hot dough. and cadillac wafa on a hannon shade on them in an emphasis on that. he get a little a c. as he a deputy i with dodie that he gets serrato. bowen would only serve in can let him think about that. what on and what had let that the shuttle forget that was on the law had let unpleasant ah ah, people have lived in what's now a man since pre historic times, going back over 100000 years, tribes began migrating here from neighboring yemen around the 1st century of the common era these tribes were the as up to place and benny osama. and they came to this area known at the time as my gun. the land of frankincense in a separate migration. tribes also came here from the north of the era peninsula, like the nursery, or adena knights, known as the arabs, off the north. they all came here because of the long coastline and very climate. there were deserts, mountains, rivers and in the south lush greenery. in ancient history, o mong was the only country in that part of the world. if you look at the arabian peninsula as a whole, there are essentially only 2 ancient countries to the east o mom and to the west. yemen and the molten states that now exist off a pot for my mom and yemen. they are all modern inventions. oh man. cookie. yeah, i don't see. i see a lot of the korean c as he linda or public 30, then 11, or what will elephant santa will alpha said with cumberland millard, we get the how come now? how come all home see ada e and now man k, i don't see. i see out of all the moleck, he will then it will get an a and an a be sort a law while he was element them a hot one will look and all of that that they said it m a hot over what a good for us on will look at all. will harbor one look missile heart, other medicare among abdul gave that of near glinda events or national ama kiernan . see or see what's happening while while the had mal him level though lower level, are similar level sharp for national vendor shield in the fee that can rot that can to get her now to get them like at an ira be later on the he's a lot of can or physically there any o'mara or him? all right. when can he under i'm but i have lulu no less my lucky at avi adelaide and as i can see it on like as to land and let these have dead, let me die. does she have what a that the amana, why has he and him? is that how you going off? he you as a few c l o money you on the some hate? yeah, no, not a ha. ha ha, ha, ha, ha ha. well now you read. ah, i think that important part of understanding omani history has made oman important throughout its history. we can go back to 3rd millennium b. c. when oman was trading throughout the western india, indian ocean, and it's always been a matter of location it's, it's there in the indian ocean. it benefits from the monsoon weather system. and so that, that really is kind of the important factors that you have to keep in mind for out of money history. now when we get to the, and that of course is what brought the portuguese to wal mart muscat was at that time the kind of entre po, the center poor for that western in ocean region. ah, i thought it worked already and i am island asserting him. hon. my luck. talent hasn't had it. and that name sac be a little bit to god anatomy and clear to my dad in sam, beam and f. as a back to you and melinda, you, that a kenneth williams had athena said that i live in month 11, east, out of the portuguese, arrived in 15 o 7 and were led by the general and admiral alfonso de albuquerque. in 2 years, they occupied ports on cities all along the coast of present day, all mon and the u. e. they built fortifications to consolidate their colonization from the elani yachts islands in the south. to dawson had i'm muskets, a north words to horror can and hormones islands in were not was a little and you can wooster liddy into a whole of shout mr. martin shahida to a missionary. yeah, he will get no letter and the whole still not on here. and it was just on the day of recycling every year. that healthy woman had a bad l. 80 that would you mentally what would you met in miss ag it biddable who? the asli, i didn't, when i saw living, i, mistletoe on yahoo! don't them get no form of fun? i hadn't albuquerque had a reputation for brutality. i talking towns and cities that resisted the portuguese colonizers. 0 money resistance was led by the mom who was elected by the tribal leaders. this em i made system of government in oman, dated back to the 8th century when at the hot rucker on the you on the p. i'd it shaw see year the in the year every year this one she had me been so he a shockley or rust out. they had the record, i will let the i should a for on that, that'd be it. and the man now sort of an abortion fair i shot either or lemma, it didn't be. and how the rugged whole of the usa voted illema what cannot feel, sharina arman? what fed and therefore ha, or that would need? well, models you are not will i level they are a you, ma'am now sort of know or should at the hourly senate out of our, of our, for that scene here. and was to me, i wish i didn't really the fattano law method the ain how had their fame o y u b t o. hey there man. what are the last there, mom? how a had to remind to her daughter, man, hello at or how come sit duration in this in a bad the madison allen a dat law. so a man's different tribal factions came together in 1624 under not have been motivated. be 1st, amani, a mom of the yahoo! be dynasty. he unified the tribes against their common enemy. the portuguese. the romanies gradually forced the portuguese out of the ports, leaving only muskets unmolested off in the hands of the colonizers. when a man nasir died in 1649, his cousin and army commander sultan been safe, succeeded him to heaven, j share. who h o e teller? can i mean no thunder worthwhile? ye admin will ha to him when conduct double him. magic de la t had the effects althea and the cord mesa, my beloved ambition he yea added can be admin. or when he med tech, gentleman had requested when it would fall on e. m. and he had made some my beloved death and besedia. and lita was jolena had he's the one with him akin happy ha. was swollen in an empty. had me? no. and was you? it was delightful man with the hetty animals up on matthew i'm and was to meal. hm . seen me daddy news, but so tom been safe hunt ambitions far beyond the liberation of muskets. he built up a formidable navy and pursued the portuguese into their own colonies. in india and east africa. a man transformed itself from victim of colonization to an imperial power in its own right and its influence extended right down the east african coasts. when he then went to see us in romani and shut the theatre, martha bethel gonna list our motto. but the lady on so ahead mombasa, what kula was in cuba? well her, the settlement that been mac, the issue had that could. so the time window cotton and i want you to, one of them are public. i'd like an all of the shot at a 100 though, also be in our mind will shortly if we are here. now you do have a credit. uh, what did he get? he that can can uh, hold on, sir. coffee, ian, dean, ian to gary and one of your control lawrence. yes. he and hello to see i see the corolla, serb shackleton, while the who actually not clear my daughter had yeah, it'll be the exact list. i modeled what the audio and so i had a shelf in the city of fi. yeah, it's a bassetti mom said this was done in a well and the, the telephone massage be some idea of loss with the heavy duty out of it. and for the c s, you know, many, there was time to sort of capita was that in for them in bahrain, i to, when i went to college and was selling food on a vanilla hotel, i did my new jordan, eli gene fall julian isla. shut up daily because it had to be a camera, then it off at the manila bar, but in woodland, a saturday out, a salad without a feeding hint. billy lafayette martha claire have shuttle italy affair. if it's in jabard album bow a boss. how about that? now deal one article had the he lit, al would then kind of walk i to help the roman the had need of the i had a li, ma'am. see a fair than sultan liddy. look. they buffeted an article in new york. i had the luck of luck of a he, it could threat that this out would then why my legality, what god data at that to have my hulu or under ya to be real money territory continue to expand as did it's navy and merchant fleets many years later, the british diplomat, samuel barrett miles, wrote the auto bees became the defacto sovereigns over the indian ocean. and their ships spread fear into the hearts of europeans for over a century and a half. but it would not last hastily out will be well mine contextually asked lean muscle for one moment. hm said a man, oh not little been more sure little i'm safe or been adamant for fun. where say, he say based upon come up in nasal pharmacy, if any piano, samuel went to sasha hack up and had he'd federal, federal, verified beef with a laugh were be date in india in 1718. the death of the yacht. b. e. ma'am sultan been safe. the 2nd triggered an almighty leadership crisis. his son was only 12 years old, and so a power struggle between different tribal leaders ensued. the situation was complicated by religious scholars also arguing about the rules of succession. not the old yard would be order descended into chaos and civil war looms. i can only get a sarah vena or them a nino vinegar unless i buy it or not. they get had with a tower wouldn't actually yeah, they neither. oh man, but i didn't realize he had a minute caberry yet format of humming with nasa lafferty or helen linen by the kelvin. i wonder lucas am in la chicago. mcdermott low manny ella ferry came and thought, if ru alina a in will faddie. and after the year, and we're benny of alpha, one, how that can work to med then she had the other emphasis in the 17 twenties and thirties under the young, safe pencil time. the 2nd tribal alliance has shifted and the stability be out of the state weakens. this map produced much later. it shows the geographical distribution of the mean, amani tribes, but in the 17 thirty's the, to it war were. and he now we and ellicott city, was my 900 little man behind her, had been for us vainly and now love and no i that can has been filled mccannen folemi. then my dad who macro man, ill, macallan, will anyone that oh man that, that the how about a more play will get on like in you will get viewable. well then we'll get alec again. even though our family oversight no man, nothing. okay. that could be latino, easy at h, a l at aim the academy, little co. awesome bill has been he us then laurel and cousin. why allah? and now we been in our law and have often and so the shake of our with arby, comes from a southern arab tribe, a jamini tribe, and so he sides whitley denali. does he play an active role in that civil war? not so much, but again, it's kind of an almost an ethnic kind of oh i dandy about where your particular family originated. oh, i don't know if he hellam had the sarah comments iep is upon a silly b had been happy, had good or holstein, a beat i stand, michel harding ear piece that i he died having a one honey hear a doula and fantasy lou now an adult salesman sultan the 2nd resorted to outside, helped to try and defeat his rivals. he sent a message across the gulf to the persian ruler, now did shaw. in 1737, shaw sent a rescue force, but it soon turned into an army of occupation. the persians to court icon and ross and haman, followed by the city of muskets. but as they had against the portuguese, the romanies resisted and a new dynastic leader emerged. ash my been side al bruce id feel like at high the letters that i submitted this aiden was id a let he can now, wiley, and i'd also hard. okay. ready at abraham save mussel fun as well. so hard a can a tear to the why you her little as i was out of the hurry for when i, they get letters. it obviously do i, you so hot aqua mo data and it will good and fantasy ha, ha, ha mustang that her father see was to law, and it's her last min home. she and v j animals were hardaman, gil father min, about com and i feel about him and must felt what is that it you match? i did or manion, and the a clinical than id. bad come sent a last minute i had with emma in trouble. he man, i can hold any and in this app lateral am i it out of stock labelle. i meant to say that he man yeah, oh man that cath, senate out of 70 to so a lot of pain was po nakajima beside a man. ha ha ha catheter. oh man. ah, my been cy, besides his election in 1749, was aimed at unifying the country. he ruled for 34 years and was the 1st of the albus id dynasty that still rules on today. but he did not have things all his own way and met serious opposition from the co awesome tribe in the north, the almighty coast. that region also occurs up into what's today the united arab emirates, which before it was the united arab emirates, was known as the true shall states or the truthful coast. but before that was known as the sa helemano, the almighty coast, because that's part geographically of all, mod, throughout its history. the, the ruler of, of oman, the country, the e man made or the sultani may have had exercised some influence. ah, they are especially in places like abi do by their, with their closer relationships there you get to the north where the co awesome tribe dominates. there's always been a fair amount of tension and it's been difficult for the monitors to control that particular territory. elko us in ha, callisom avida r a v o n e e and the shadow children that i said claim, or that sor, following the shadow and the fear on. i love, he loves his innocent a will the could loan see if he, if he no little heard of the had the shadow kaffir. part of the valley in my room. i'm not in motion to when i said a one. and now with a month, a minimum here are the month of the month of the fall, russell, him these tensions continued and boiled over at the end of the 18th century. the co awesome tribe in the north rebelled against rule by the album side. the dynasty washing over now has him. i don't know who i knew your secretary. he said we're have one in for sale. what with 30 day is and the nature of it, or at that he has a rather than in know we have a new ship in kiana was the lending, se, jani. how they can force yes, you might over then young. ha, ha ha i look. i was him. that he didn't. how the news with either you or i feel of and here. now jennifer put off for the him. can him at least a flat and a dollar and your money? i made a mistake. horrible home or felony, honestly thought i let you come and i took my other for mental. you don't fear us elim, some about the cur, jani, but as a whole would look awesome via credit opener. save some fun when i made a mistake. i even had obama. cecil done, but it was aide 1000000000. what would you label on ella? a rita o'neill at the, in the cullison class. if you add the seed, say the muscle fun. ellen luca or the how do you want, but if i can't read and say that i didn't want to come and look at the less and more hateful, hindi, the bridge wrench and traitors like your monies. they weren't. but you interesting controlling territory. but the problem that existed in the gulf was piracy kind of, this is the 19th century idea of terrorism. and one of the kind of main practitioners of piracy was the, with a croissant there, from, from coastal oman, south lamar ah. and so this, this became very disruptive and occasionally the clawson would attack a british in the british wanted to control this region to counter the influence of other european countries and armani see power their treaties with all men and other emerging gulf states would dominate the region for the next century and a half ah, al jazeera since the stage. okay. now as the moment i took my just off and i go in the field voices from different corners. welcome to eat, then can you eat any that? i mean community, everybody does international filmmakers and weld cause journalists watch individual be doing to act, respond yet resist, and we have to re a back bring programs to inspire you were viewed as troublemakers. what we're really looking for real solutions on al jazeera, alongside the conflicts in between india and pakistan, prestige, capt mountains, one and one least, the kashmiris pioneering industry. on al jazeera, the ma ma prizing a then ah, peter movements that takes place in kenya, standing up against the british, demanding return of their lines, nearly d, cuz if i documents showing a lights on present colonial past, there is systematic torture. a reign of terror in these count and major human rights abuses. how was this happening? a very british way of torture. wanted or near to deny on al jazeera lou? this is out of there and these other top stories. now russia is accusing ukraine of using drones to attack to of its air bases hundreds of kilometers from their shed. border. moscow says keith was targeting long range warplanes, 3 service men were killed. hard vall is in moscow. one of them is only a 185 kilometers south east of moscow. it's called the d that jackie level or jackie level airbase. and that's where 3 people were killed when a fuel tanker caught fire and exploded air. and the statement mentioned that those were 3 service men. the other base is about 730 kilometers southeast of moscow. it's called the ingles air base. and thus where the bombers are stationed the long range bombers. and the ukraine says, a wave of russian. this saw strikes of caused power cuts across the country. they targeted energy facilities in the capital and several other areas. at least 2 people were killed in his operation region. president vladimir zalinski says most missiles were shot down by air defense systems. and the 7 people have been killed, an explosion in northern afghanistan. it happened in the city of mazda e. sharif, explosives, on a road side, were detonated as a bus was passing by 18. others were injured. indonesia, parliament has approved changes the penal code that would criminalize sex outside marriage is supplies both to citizens and visiting foreigners. the new criminal code must be signed by the president to become law. indonesia will transition from the old code to the new one in 3 years. china has been holding a public memorial service to honor its former president, john as a mean who died last week, a nation wide 3 minutes silence was held as sirens sounded. present, she agent being led tributes to the former lead up the $96.00 ro died in shanghai from leukemia and multiple organ failure, sedans, military rulers, and the coalition of political parties of signed a deal to end a political standoff which has lasted for months. the agreement is expected to pave the way for the establishment of civilian rule and elections. some opposition groups have rejected the new deal and called for nationwide protests. those are the headlines. these continues on out there after al jazeera welt. ah, the so senator for man has a rich history and was once the dominant power in the whole gulf region. it had a powerful navy and colonized large areas of east africa. in the 17th and 18th centuries. the albus id dynasty came to power in 1749 and the same family still rules on man to day. in 18. o. 6, sorry, had been sold on a boose idea. took power but by the early 18 hundred's other tribes like the co awesome on the northern coast, had their own separatist ambitions. they also often threatened british shipping, which used the gulf waterway as a key trading route to india and beyond. sight been sultan al bruce id saw that he and britain had a common interest to combat the influence of the co awesome tribe on the northern coast when the british considered pirates. so the british got together with us sy you'd been so tom 1st rolled in 18 o 9 and then again in $1819.00 to try and destroy the ships that the co awesome are using. and the purpose was to destroy the co awesome ships. there was not to destroy the co, awesome as a tribe, the british were quite content that the co awesome should live there in peace, provided they did not attack shipping. i think it is a little while young or else in a way that a kelly my for him, the ha livonia little. and the shockley and lowana ware. i'm carson bennett. houghton. dennison. hi. how are you? i'm was just under brittany. oh hi devonie. i need how come the sure for legal allister, from the very funny that can nanny larry also shalayna yetter? well, i know that i noted to live. i knew it was id in our money allied mamma learn english is the i me had our say it said i will have more and the mm hm. huh. you really do and you're a girl fara ill also by that. and she got a little farther either if dad asleep or what he got it. okay. you read ill father ill arsenal, said the have mom begins shoe or jail. so for now we'll j e n demo. ha ha, ha wardrobe allison brussels, him or her customer whom belie charlotte wood miller was born. hm. were dachelle and the room lack in bad that nick, them the sayed zahid bed. they are nearly idiots. that ain't the car to lit up. delilah got up either salam fussell on that well, actually let the like a big mm mm. this was a defining moment in the history of the gulf region, and it's still resonates to date. in 1820 the british with their overwhelming naval power, negotiated a treaty with the tribal shafts on the northern coasts. this alliance ended the threat to british shipping. and from this point on the area they'd always refer to informally as the pirate coast became known as the true shall coasts. what it did essentially was what the shakes were able to do is, is basically claim we've been recognized by the british government as an independent state. and so russell hi, i had you man charger mckee, wayne v. j rog by our booth abbey, all then are recognized by the british through these truces as an independent country. if you look how so this city was signed, ah, and it was in the sense the precursor of, of the subsequent truces of that was signed between britain mc owed to shakes of this region. and that's why it became known, and it was the pit. this was a truce if you like, and that was why it was known as the crucial states. after that time, between 183518. 53 britain entered into a number of agreements with the true shall states in 1892. the link between the british on the chefs became closer still. they signed an exclusive agreement. so in return for british naval protection, the true shall state agreed not to enter into relationships with any other foreign governments without britons consent. owner alert? gimme a messiah said, or man. the home. alco. awesome. ok that ok. linda mac, the bail miserable a bit. the middle are home that i that i may end up with the hartman. i'll be funny . as la lome while i am y n m had did give give were by you to my for the rules for waffle. while they this room had while they got were had while they were out of oklahoma. had la b isn't minette martin medley butter planning on atkinson brittany. i will keep a plan if is shaniqua mother and he that he is katie year been a shoe. the new hampshire been. she'll be in in a little more than been a w. i shall car been and figure out where i saw her. could you look about that? i cannot, but it's, i need to come be thought it had and will keep you slab in. it's not that. and then i'm, you still there. if i dana luther can with the horrible hat dale you really deny is alika block. hello sir. hello sir. hello sir. hello, madden kinda sir. hello, mine is she, maddie rossa. hello. hadn't verizon is her? mom had him in a holla, had to know. after the 1820 agreement side been so panel bruce id realized his influence on the gulf coast was decreasing. so he set about restoring almighty power over its many colonies on the east coast of africa. i say excited, consult on miss lahall mifflin her camel levine, a sub a whole how they saw i like the lead in the food, the money, the month of got shut off. earlier. i bought this here and cathedral me and her my last the last galleria behead of the alec will see. i'll put them on any of them on your i should even call to see it. said ben after he hum la la shot a fleet. behead if dorothy done for the house looked and fema bus a woman from a comma, busy, odd thing, you bob wallach at the fee her to do the laugh at a shout. leah oman will feel for a minute with nina, said athena, honda l. as in bob leo, alina and i had them in thought while i get off the line. and demo ireland, i'm seeing the bar be my sub, but the awesome i can tanya. lillian broth or the yellow ammonia will not cover on your to moment. clearly he darted montela capital or money official for them and see it said bustled done, but i got a dollar money and brought yellow money owes the empty data. so on fee amount on o c sharpie if they appear. oh, see, bob and papa hart. either among other shelter, pharmacy go other washer, but we're ready to come in and know he fell down with our celia. shall we let her mind hialeah, exile? i'm in. i'm in sad one, the out of her. my bad. a sad manuel. hadn't i love her wish will harley and dr. mart lot of you have been with the heater, but this material customer levity. did that are mildly fish my left column in the so model was kenya with us on yeah. well goes on. what are we really had that he had they had when i took all sort of little uncle often? it said he then again, i've got a holiday laura very well which model he is in yavara ross analysis for ira. i had hired an old ostler and evidently what a lucky nyah hadn't a full a solvent. saheed missile robin had the hill missouri had been without army at the last off i went to middle cathedral minute de la la la la abrazzo. what to do? let the little man, yeah, thea, i had to see it said themselves. thought billy, laugh at you, let them through a her before what in by how do you work at a cascadia, kabir them mechanic their online mon clearly have followed the caea that the, her wilma, half of the arly, her feet cuff at her, the he alman up up die had been sultan died in 1856, and this triggered a power struggle between his 2 sons. the british intervened and the governor general of india brokerage compromise in 1861 known as the counting awards. but this separated musket and of a man ruled by the way he been side by side. on the one hand, from the lands ruled by his brother, measured from the island of santa bar, on the other the counting award obliged, measured to make an annual payment to his brother in oman, which continued for several years when measured, eventually stop making these payments. it caused financial hardship, it muskets and oman, stubborn, but tanya of all had ian, i cannot. how do you for allah? i'll in. but off all the yellow money. i le dolah, i lose money and i can knock the gun defeated the same high de leon, but i thought you had to hit dollar half an hour and a half. gonna show me 10. am you, what do you, her fi and my job a little bit? how do you learn a little spool, a little money, feel more helpful and you will holiday out. i be clearly enough. one minute gotten the data i shot can a turn. i'll martyr back to fanny mae. hey, thought paula was hedge and bottle of stool upon it. but it turned the whole list. surmount layer of he though the heat in them. a young buddy that think his ear would think the car that i li, her. why did linda hadn't missed her cannula? hey, but ah, by the late 19th century, mainland or mine had become weaker in 3 ways. it had less influence over the northern crucial states. serious internal tensions had grown between the sultan in the more secular musket region and the leaders of the more religious interior. and the ongoing british presence continued to undermine the power of the sultan. in moscow. in 1888 face had been sultan became ruler and in the 1891 he signed another agreement with britain which virtually made oman, a british protectorate. so the country that once ruled an empire from the arabian gulf to east africa saw its stock fall even further. in 1913 face had been towed key was succeeded by tay mode when faced on. but the young new sultan inherited a debt ridden country with longstanding internal tensions and heavily dependent on the british man the whole, oh man female had him news to fuck yet and more clam. adding these mucus and nickel nab him ali castile suffolk in hand quoted men at ident minutes, said that it was the aid and use the head while i see us, even if it ken how mr. kitten men. i'm at least not. he own a little alcohol osman farrah al injuries and no sorta thomas? yes, he led us to mary. ella this to mother bought the home, had a sa lottin. was to murder any. are you sure to can he mad halimon hag, he lamar, dr. sadie? when he had there to fucking out and mr. miller and at your car, how about the sonata in obama said margaret anita said it means 2 more. philip society fair, lisa laugh, yanni, glen us all to a knuckle down here. and if he had the federal debt, if here my bad attack him canning in the life fish oxy yet it said it was 18. what enigma in was i see, i see a lady will they all fee. oh, well, mirage will hargum maybe a little courtesy lou ivan le let dig a little more wire pod will the war bar to should either. a lady has somehow guides in the when the middle english is the dig though, vol bother over. what was available, transferred. been do more abortion? plenty more. a rob l mcgee la mon bill, multiple loc im gonna shoot him another hard line. my info the get up yet man atl melody ah tay modeman face and became sultan and muskets in 1913. but the split between him and the em i made in the interior continued until the british broker to deal in 1920 and he recognized the autonomy. though not the sovereignty of the almighty interior. he abdicated in 1932 in favor of his eldest son. sally had been tame. mood who became the 13th sultan of muskets and oman. an exchange of letters from the time provides an insight into the level of influence and control by british administrators in the gulf region on the surface, they seem to be a simple exchange of news and a routine visa request, but they actually highlight the complex diplomatic protocols involved in dealing with shift dms, who had longstanding differences. the 1st letter is from britain's political agent in the true shall state a shot to his opposite number in bahrain. he tells him about the death of shaft safe, been hammock sharpie, ruler of fajita, on the 24th of december 1938, and that his brother mohammed ben, ham ads had succeeded him. the 2nd letter follows on from that one. on the 2nd of march, 1939, the british political agent in muskets rights to his counterparts in kuwait seeking advice. on a diplomatic problem. the sultan has sent me a musket passport, given by his government to mohammed ben, hermit shakafur gera, for granting of a visit to bahrain. the sultan claims the shake to be his subject, and granting a visa by me would amount to our ignition of his claim to for gera, which place from our records, appears clearly not to be in the sultan's territories. please telegraph your instructions as the shake wants to leave by the next steamer. the british political agent in kuwait replied with a compromise. you should give bahama to some of harmonious shakafur, gera, some sort of unofficial paper, to enable him to land at bahrain, and thus avoid raising the question of sovereignty of huge iraq in the emeralds. so they would what caught the everett's then the div, what is not the eminence the shakes her hut. i woke well, thomas, an independent or under this stage. ah, we're not very wealthy and not very powerful. some had loyalty to the sultan musket hum and some, as i say, were operating independently. ah, fidela teddy had had east mat by danella sanaya by the soda center yet. the hood enough's a date as yet to have kobe bent us the holiday. heck, yes, yes, he was still timing his felon, but the hat, him sassy. televi it had he had recommended to have him come back. when you lay your call him back and i couldn't find out that his life me slot. i don't think was a bad of alec, but my stomach law had to maggie. so fuck up was am if sam josefina, a levy talked about asshole. yeah, i did it, but had a good he to cc than a i wouldn't say i did what he had defeated blood la, shy that orlando, i la idea, russell dunk. i was been a dollar and owe money and had either $1.00 hold of you or either he fee. i won't kill you. mutton is olivia alice shall go. honey had the feel on the head of the one good than who her mouth was. m, you said to 16, minima as a hello. this is she has died. this'll gone, he, she'll sure what? min, hook them up, willoughby walker will leave and she had, there will be, wow. minimal amount of from the shift zyden. i will la colonial to work a be a fee. give her the illness she thought he though noah had they any other but the had them today, the fellow molly lee lee is a moment. how come of he was? she had a willoughby in 1968, the british under prime minister harold wilson, announced their plan to withdraw from the gulf region entirely for financial reasons. they needed to save money. at the same time shack, zions of abu dhabi, forge closer relationships with the other 2, shall states leading to the formation of the united arab emirates in 1971. but this was also a crucial time for modern oman. oil production began in 1967, giving the country resources to develop its own infrastructure in 1970 or mines new leader at so time club was been side on sides, began using that revenue to finance a huge liberalization and modernization program. i think the background to the establishment of the u. e is absolutely the decision by the british to leave the gulf, which i recall correctly is a decision they took in 1967 as a result of cots in the british defense budget at that time. but they didn't actually implement fully until i think it was 1971. i think the all money government recognized that the shake dms were more or less independent of all much were there were issues with almost every one of those shape dms was was territories. so you have, you know, you have a dispute with our, with our be around brain, you have a dispute with, due by around a place called where he had to, you have a dispute with who gerra about dba. so when the u. e was founded, ah, russell homer did not join the new federation immediately. there was a short period of short delay. and i think that to lay itself explains the ambivalence about identity that existed on the ground. so the were those in russell hydra that wished to be part of oman, that were those in russell coma that wish to be part of the new federation. so this was a very delicate situation. and actually you can see this if you look at the map of the know the numbers now and the, my son dumping it sort of, for example, this was an area where the, oh, she would have had a loyalty towards the rear mascot. but the other shares they came and they went sometimes they would be with the room musket and sometimes they would be acting independently. another fact that possibly a good example of this ambivalence is or it was foot foot for many years. oh, man, had a representative in the m or it's not an ambassador. now, again, this reflected ambivalence about identity. if you have an ambassador, you are acknowledging that your interlocutor, the place where the ambassador goes to represent you, is a foreign place. and i, i don't think home on is thought of the amorites as a foreign place and vice versa. because they are, they are almost ah, so close to each other. there is this intermingling, they don't see themselves as fully separate and to come in a formal sense to put an ambassador in place is to acknowledge that other place as fully separate new britons, formal relationship with home and lasted from 18221971. while opinions on the british presence very widely, a comparison between its withdraw from the gulf and its departure from palestine, egypt and aiden. highlight the difference between britons involvement here and elsewhere in the middle east. villa villa oil is that modern law? the belyea but a father but that for fear would own the whole house. i bought a town of florida. yeah. the iowa little john duffy, the la who door vill english is that the needle while the e mail for so long while bobby at the lyla had the he at the, to the still not thunder of the sad had that he see as if that i used to model a lot of you a lot, a lot of me now you can and there you are in the life and then how lady to annual or i nickel and fema like to now say more laid that the state has a whole will help but can i apply the state them of that. what exactly? what is it had that it should ali her i on the should ali how sleep flora? hey, i know i know had the hidden wigwam and deb, i think were know what the nasha ah so don caboose over through his father in a bloodless school in 1970. but his 50 year rule completely transformed oman. he had no children when he died in january 2020, but nominated his cousin hay thumb as his preferred successor. in a sealed envelope opened only after his death. in january 2021 sultan high thumb made his eldest son, crown prince. the challenge for them both is that harmony, oil will not last forever. and so how they manage to sustain the country's historic influence across the gulf will define allman's future. a turkish artist, an internationally renowned painter, was being blind from by al jazeera while to meet some inspiration of figure for visually impaired people worldwide. this man is able to inspire so many people cited and cited. it doesn't matter sharing new artistic techniques, fingertips that make the impossible possible painting in the dog on al, jazeera, of the city to teams. only 16 remain as the feeble will come. and now as we approach the knockout round, who has wanted to take the battle through to the vinyl of 2022 on al jazeera with every pulse on this winter frontal zone. and that's what it is. you tend to produce thunderstorms bit further south. they haven't yet reached cutter, they might do. but on tuesday the line is quite oversee through q 8 bits of saudi and iran. the orange center was just big sandstorms. the flashlight potential south at all is still quite warm. doha, that 30, the average is about 25, that we will see a change of slow drop in terms of the 2 will cut rest day. so no football, you might even season dramatic weather. i'd say, i think it's unlikely, but it's in the forecast for wednesday. if the less right a bigger picture, then this is the code a bit. and these terms are really low compared with the average and he had 10 degrees below what they should be with that cope who sits there leaks through the mountains of iran and then houses the showers for the west back through the event. yes, you would expect if you shout this time, the intention, the teens of the twenty's is exactly where they are. and here's wednesday indicating that potential for sherry, whether in qatar and of course, that line extends back down towards western society. again, the potential for big thunderstorms in tropical africa, marines coming in towards mogadishu, unusual again, this time of year and once more dangerous thunderstorms are developing on the eastern side of south africa. ah, why do people tell stories and take risks to share their experiences? from every corner of the world, binding us together and inspiring us to expand our realities? why? because they most ah. award winning voices telling groundbreaking stories. witness on al jazeera december on culture 0. the middle east 1st wealth takes place in cattle with $32.00 countries, battling it out for sports biggest price immersive personal short documentaries, africa direct returns. showcasing african stories from african filmmakers. a made a deep political crisis and worsening economic conditions to museum goes to the poles just months after a contented constitutional referendum combating the climate on nature. crises, earth rise, mix. the people who believe global systems must change as the year draws to a close. we look back on the events that have shaped the means and look ahead to next year, december on al jazeera. ah, russia accuses key of, of launching drones, strikes deep inside its territory. a new development in the ukraine war. ah, i'm hasn't seager, this is edge, is it alive from the howls are coming up. remembering the victims of a massacre in the democratic republic of congo, the government blames and 23 rebels for killing nearly 300 people.