Actorproducer, Evgeny Mironov. Hello. Evgeniy, what you and i have in common is that we both went into outer space. You are like an actor who starred in a film. Eh, i, like a professional, went out for real. One of, i think, the best films that have been made recently about space, based on real events of the first time, in which you played. Main role, you were the producer of this film, what prompted you to tell about this story, and yugarine and about manned Space Exploration in general, first of all, thank you very much for your high assessment to hear your assessment of the film from your lips is very important, what motivated me, you know, i saw a documentary where it was said that after 50 years , information about the first spacewalk was declassified, huh . I dialed him in a striking voice, i had a number, i dialed his number, and i think, lord, how can i explain who i am, films, and i dial him, well, i dialed the number, i say, alexey arkhivich, hello, this is , this means zhenya mironov, im an artist, zhenya, hello, and i didnt even bother to explain which films im in was filming, i say, quickly, i say, i really need to talk to you, he says, come, and because of traffic jams i was late, i was traveling with the screenwriter, i was 4 hours late, driving up, suddenly standing in. In shiny prada sneakers alexey alexich stands straight in a training suit and says okay, come in. And this is where our journey began, as it were. As you discussed the film, the script, the first time he read it, when we met him, there was no script yet. I came as a screenwriter, no, there was an idea, just idea. He should give him the goahead. And so i started questioning him, there was lunch, it was amazing. Wife, she cooked there, not only that, hes like you, hes an amazing storyteller, his wife kept coming up and saying youre telling too much, a little less, less, well, its some kind of seasoned, its better not to tell anything, then we proceeded to write the script we had consultants, you see how i couldnt ask lyon about everything, because we were actually filming a feature film, there you need turns, as you say in life. There had to be some drama in the family, so that the viewer would be interested in watching, but you cant lie, you know, because the living hero leonov, his wife, and daughter, and relatives and the queen and belyaeva, firstly, he came to the set, he really i liked it, its very cool, this is the device he came up with, he said everything exactly, he climbed in, got out, everythings cool, i tried everything, i, as a professional, understand how many emergency situations there were from the moment i started, then how i came back. How he managed, i dont know how, well, having released the pressure, turned around in this airlock chamber and thank god they were alive and healthy, they seemed to return to the ground, but they flew far from where they were going, landed where they needed to, and the automation also failed there, they were in manual mode for the first time in history, and after they were taken out of this frost for more than a day, they froze yes, yes, yes, yes, astronauts, firstly, we now have the minimum spacecraft descending. The required amount of things so that in such conditions, that is, after landing in abnormal places, the crew could within three days survive, wait for the team, the rescuers, everyone goes to. What if they splash down until they are found to catch fish and not to die of hunger, he took it, threw it away, put a pistol, and it was useful to him, because there were either wolves or or bears, that is, they have already heard some kind of thing with belyaev together, well, in general. Well , anyway, i think that the most important merit of alexey arkhipech leonov is that he was the first among earthlings to go into outer space, and his exit was only, in my opinion, 12 minutes, so i have an exit at 8 12, it seems huge, this record, but still, this was the first time when i asked leonov, it was important for me to understand how i should play this moment when the first person breaks away from the ship. And then no one knew at all, in principle they knew, well, as if the calculations were, they knew, they could guess, they could guess, but still there in spacesuits, no one could fully, no one knew that either, no one knew, i i tell him, alexey arkhipich, tell me, how come you werent scared, he says, what only fools arent afraid of, i was very it was scary, it was important to overcome it, at that moment when everything there was inflated, when he was in panic, of course, he says, i remembered about my daughter, who will lead her, huh . To school on september 1, she was at school, you see, daughter, and this thought forced him to work for survival, i want to ask you, anton, since you set a record for the duration of a spacewalk, tell me, what are you experiencing, i want to understand , there is this feeling, well, not even fear, but well, like this abyss above you, tell me this feeling, not honestly, there was no fear, because everything was worked out, we didnt even have any emergency situations. We wait until dawn begins, so that the cameras that are watching us will help us in our work, our instructors from the ground, from the tower, well so that there was good illumination, and there was still darkness, i already began to rush there, they told me, no, stop, you have to stand, now dawn will begin there for a couple of minutes, thats when i went just. The terminator, well, that is, the strip dividing day and night, i saw a beautiful planet, i they said, well, now you can get out, well , thats when the work began, on the contrary, i tried to get out, well, its cool there, you are still attached with two halyards, and this is the rule, there should always be two points of fixation, in general there were such situations, maybe not only we, when we were rescuing someone , got disconnected and no, thank god this didnt happen, our colleagues even have a special one. That is, this centrifuge, i walked there, then a lot, then this swing, sunshine, it was a disaster for me, here in in the film it was real, it was visible, it was visible there. Because you can feel the overload, but the most interesting thing from my point of view was how his exit was filmed, and i went, mesna. I am a diamond, a man went into outer space, a man went into outer space, is in free floating, today is march 18, 1965 at 11 30 moscow time. During the flight of the voskhod 2 spacecraft , a man entered outer space for the first time. Alexey arkhievich, advised how he moved, yes, he told all this in sufficient detail, then it was necessary to film it, we are in weightlessness, and for this there were engineers there, they just came up with it. The scary thing was to show the whole picture, because i understood that if he didnt like it, well, there wouldnt be a film, and a lot of effort, money, and talent were spent, but one word from him decided the fate of this picture, and we showed him, it came his wife, his daughter came, this was before people showed, but what, of course, what do you understand, yes, yes, no, no, and i stood, im just dazed nose sweat, because he sat, without blinking, without reaction, watched the whole movie, the whole film, and then i sit and say, its over, i say, well, dont bother saying, should i shoot you, zhenya, i say, its so bad, yes no, no, you know, i only now realized, so to speak, what it was, suddenly the voice of his wife, and she s also in the film, she plays and plays ursulyak , shes beautiful, she says, but the only thing i didnt have was such a dress, glory to god the picture was accepted, everything was accepted and we moved on, he accepted it, but it was very much, it was a test for me ill tell you its not easy, well, i dont blame the film, of course we see the astronauts, of course you can see what it is. It was not filmed in real weightlessness, but these are only astronauts you see, i even you, those who, well, have been living in weightlessness for a long time, you understand that a person moves like that, and of course, even our instructors who have not been in space , they wont be able to tell you that, yes, we continue the cosmic conversation with Yevgeny Mironov about space, about cinema, and i, anton shkoplyarov, i want to congratulate you, firstly, on the premiere, this is your premiere, speed somewhere to pause, well, im like, like, well, im not an actor, i go to the theater, here klim, of course, is great, he saw it right away, he said, anton, can you make it simpler, like in life . It was not easy to get used to this, i saw myself , i didnt watch it, but it was professional, of course , i already saw it, i liked it, i didnt hear a voice from myself, i only saw what we filmed in space, klim specifically showed it so that i could appreciate it, that what we did was not in vain, that this was a great shoot. These yulina spans are ours, thats the real one weightlessness, its clear that in weightlessness this light, the fill, he did everything so beautifully, well, from the outside its interesting, why did i ask, because many artists who see themselves on screen for the first time are simply terrified of themselves and just, well, well, when you see yourself from the outside, it happens in different ways, i also want to ask you about the flight myself, ill first tell you how it was with yulia and overpowered. She is a theater actress of the nation and three times i saw approximately the same expression on yulias face, the first time when she opened the office she said to me zhenya, im pregnant, and i realized that this is a disaster, i need to change her in performances, introduce another actress, but this is happiness on the one hand, on the other hand its a problem for me. The second time, when she gave birth to her second daughter and the third time, when she opened it, i said luri, stop it, i thought it was the third child, she said no, im pregnant, but in space, i think, why did i suddenly find out , what is really real, i didnt fully believe in it, that she would fly, of course, i was terrified, we were all worried, the whole theater was worried about her, thats all, and that was it its also very touching, this flight, this is your press conference, thats all, and the only thing was when i looked at you, i realized that damn, well, behind him its like behind a stone wall, but according to the laws of drama, good drama, when we are no longer looking. We have two circuits, there is a main automation circuit and a backup one, when the main one failed, but we practiced this a thousand times on simulators, so i checked everything, we switched to the Second Circuit, everything works clearly , the station has captured, so to speak, here is the docking point, we we continue the flight, thats it, well, i sit further and think, well, now were flocking together, theres already less than 50 m left there, suddenly the flight director, solovev, goes on air, he never goes on air, when. The process is going on, hes just he comes out like a boss, after we knock, he comes out with a congratulatory speech, well done guys, good job, congratulations, then he suddenly goes on the air, anton, if the Second Circuit fails now, and the spare one, were just leaving now ether, yeah, you make the decision yourself, we we give you the goahead and take it, switch to manual and dock, as soon as he finished this speech, now he passed out, oh well, the second cond immediately refused. When this second spare circuit fails, then this red light in the middle lights up, it blinks just like it should, and all the information starts popping up on the screen on the monitors, but i understand what shes talking about, its all blinking there too, and the most important thing is going on siren headphones, so that the cosmonauts dont fall asleep there, i dont know , they cheered up, that is, it goes on until you beat it off, theres only a clear sound there the sound continues to blink, that is, this is where it all started in earnest. Our doctors, psychologists, decided that she could freeze, only then did he meet him. Ignition, lets go, well, this is just a desperate act, well, this is our russian act, as always, you know, here we are first on the first, uh, the americans had to fly and tom cruise had to fly. There was a difficulty, we couldnt figure out how to do it, its beautiful, because it turns out that yul is flying, the wedge has to look at her with his back , i pulled him by such special harnesses through the station, but i understand, i can move backwards, ive already lived there for more than a year and a half, this is my second home, i understand where everything is, the climate doesnt understand anything, he just clings to this editors camera, he they made a special device so that he could hold it with one hand in zero gravity and see what he is filming, but he does not see how he moves, i only hope. The hatch light there is 900 mm, yeah, we had to stretch it there, understanding even on the ground that it would move anyway, its clear, like all even young cosmonauts, well, in the beginning somehow, well, im probably also moving strangely, i push off hard, then i dont have time to slow down, i hit myself, sometimes the bruises even bleed. It was all clem who went through it, yes, uh, well, yes, i think he hit it for sure, so that he wouldnt get a head injury, realizing that he wouldnt see, then well drag it, because we directly drew how it would be, i told him directly , where there are some things that he can grab onto, they decided to put a helmet on him, they started looking there, i dont know a ski helmet, they brought him this helmet, they thought, its hard, uncomfortable, and then we came to the conclusion that we need to take two hats with us, well, lets call it that, this is rugby, when they play such foam rubber and rags , in principle, from a blow, heres the clasp of this cap, i pull it, he understands, i tell him bend it down head, now im going to pull it in, and theres a moment when i pull it in, and then yulia continues to move, as if she flies into the module and calls me to sing, at this moment i have to leave him, while hes holding the camera, i have to fly in, pretend im sleeping, then shell call, well follow her to fly, that is, all this had to be done with one poppy, at some point even he thought that we would probably do it with two. Until he achieves what he wants, im wondering, when you are at this station, where there are completely different, so to speak, representatives of different states, different countries, yeah, you are generally friendly, this is such a concept, because you are all you are doing your own experiments, each country, so to speak, probably hides this from itself, but nevertheless, you are all doing some very important work for humanity, there is some kind of solidarity, understanding that we are. After all, atlanteans up there, are we doing something in common . I certainly know my foreign colleagues, i understand that we are all obsessed with one thing, flights into space, we dont get to know each other at the station, the crews are formed about a year and a half in advance, when i fly, i know who was recruiting young people, who was already experienced, even older than me, who already came to us before me, the European Space agency, the japanese one, we know each other, the crew is being formed. If we are in houston, there must be some kind of holiday, everyone is invited home, we get to know their families, when we arrive here on star days for training, we spend time here together, try to show them how beautiful moscow is, there and so on, in principle, when we fly into space, there is no surprise , i know my entire crew, i have always flown as a commander, i have always had foreign crew, well, except for the last flight, i only returned from the americans, so no problems. Broke this rule, he didnt break it, he stuck this stolichnaya vodka label on the borscht, and just at their place, when they got together , he handed over the broken glass, he said, well, he told me how, well, not just me, i mean us guys, even champagne in general makes no sense, it s going to fly away, so he told me what kind of mine it was to mine at staffords, when he gave it to him, here you can roll Something Like this, there he unscrewed it once, and there more, this, in my opinion , was even better if he had given him cognac, that is , he did it with that. Amazing, another question, maybe the longest flight, how long was it . 200 days, what after this do you want to be the first to do on earth . What i want most is to wash myself in the shower and go to the bathhouse, i remember after the first flight we landed, a helicopter flew from a helicopter to a plane, our plane was flying from kazakhstan to us at chkalovsky, they laid out a sheet for us well, so we could lie down. That lying down is still more or less normal, that we cant stand, when we come back, we lose consciousness, so lying down is normal, well, in such a lying position, and i feel like i havent slept for days, we have this, well, its still tension , return to earth, now we will fall asleep smoothly, and the doctor sees he says, lets go to the toilet one by one, yeah, well, we approached the toilet, well, usually like on an airplane, well, i opened the door, walked over, he says, well, just dont close the door, so god forbid that im always there, i i remember approaching this washbasin. Well, in short , i open the water and it starts pouring, i was in such a shock then, it pours as much as you want, im like a little child, so i started to take it and just take it upon myself, the doctor was like, anton, what a chance, i say, dont count the water as much as you want , you can do whatever you want, so this is me i think, most of all, i wanted, today is the premiere of the film, a challenge, you are going to the whole theater, or invites you, but of course, we are the ones who think that we have something to do with. After she arrived, she told her impressions, well , except for the fact that this, for a moment they looked at each other, questions, what did i have to do with it, it was some kind of evening meeting, i dont know, no, no, no, it was enough like spontaneously, it was so, it was so, i heard from the voice, sitting in my office, that something was happening, suddenly i heard yulias voice, and in parallel yulia, yulia, yulia, yulia, yulia, yulia, thats how a huge number of people crowded into my office, we all, yulia, sat like some kind of snow maiden and she told me, she answered, yes, please, your question, yes, please, your question, the questions were how to drink, how, how to sleep, how, how, everything, very simple, and why did she say so, i thought you were doing something ask something interesting, is this. Thats it, guys, its all very simple, everyday life, but it was still interesting, how to sleep, for example, there, she told me, even there, so to speak, she imagined it, she called me from there, anton, and i didnt take the corpse, i didnt take it, i missed the call, im still talking about it, this is a historical call, i was rehearsing something, or something, i dont know what mironov would like to do as a person, like. That it was somehow frozen, or this was a mistake of perestroika, but we just rolled back, now we see a return again, again the popularization of space, even me i meet children, i see that every year more boys and girls want to either become as an astronomer or work in roscosmos, great films are being made about space, truthful ones, thats why right now, what is your opinion, it seems to me that the general situation in general in the world is warming, and. A way of some kind of reflection, at least on the fact where else can a person, it was always a dream, you know, find, or find, by the way, there is an onlova, i havent seen, clearly, thats it, well, i believe in it, that they exist, cool, if ours are some other. Then according to reason in these galaxies, the second thought, why it became popular, is, well, yes, we need to look for some bases, you know, humanity, we need to look for bases, colonize the planet. I cant guarantee this, but i hope that now artificial intelligence, everything that is happening in ours on earth, with our technologies, of course, its possible that we, of course, firstly, we will live longer, i hope so, and secondly, we. At the end of our conversation, i want to ask my favorite question what do you think a person in space will be like in 50 years, what will he do . I think that there, of course, there will already be a station within a station and there will already be whole ones like that such platforms will fly, i hope that it will be something that unites us all, something very peaceful, you know, and even the exploration of other planets, it will be. Its a wonderful, positive, wonderful experiment, you know, it will be there are many volunteers, you and i are already grandchildren, maybe they will fly there and continue to be, we will communicate with them via zoom or skype, like you, what have you eaten, have you eaten , what have you, what are you talking about, and there are fields, meadows, they have grown everything under such a spacesuit, because there is no oxygen there, yes, there, thats probably all, as much water as you want, you know . Swimming pools, come on, i have a request for you, finally, yeah, we are colleagues in every sense, as it turned out, yes, come on, you know what i had, it was very touching for me when i arrived and i was present at the launch of the spacecraft, it was specifically for me to understand yes, at baikanuri, yes, yes, and me, when the astronauts were supposed to get out of. The bus, no, not a bus yet, a dispensary, that means they let me in there, i say, if you can no longer touch them, these astronauts, there apparently medicine is already working, well, so to speak, how interesting, three cosmonauts, suddenly, when they come out of this into the street, go to the bus from this dispensary, it turns on, this is your music, we dream, not rocko from the cosmodrome, damn, i cant help myself, i have a tinkle, its simple, like a soviet song, a good song, nothing, im just having such a touching moment, we can sing to us, four were not dreaming about the roar of the cosmodrome, im getting goosebumps, not this is an icy blue, a dream for us, grass, grass near the house, green green grass, anton, thank you, our space walk has come to an end, with you were peoples artist of russia Evgeny Mironov and pilotcosmonaut anton shkaplerov. Well, today we have Alexander Nevsky, a largely mythologized figure, well, a classic example, whoever comes to us with a sword will die, this is the grand duke, the natural one didnt. He said this from a film from einstein and a lot of other things like that, so say that does not coincide with the real story. In the old days, in general, Alexander Nevsky was primarily glorified by the church, not as a warrior, naturally, no one denies his valor, but first of all , his wisdom, patience and even humility were valued, which is why we need to deal with this figure. Well, indeed, there are discussions around Alexander Nevsky among historians and not only historians, a lot of myths exist, and these myths are difficult to separate from the truth, especially since there are not many sources, this is our task, i think this is the task of historians first of all, yes , is to compare all these few data, choose something, draw some consistent a picture, such a puzzle with missing details, as usually happens with historians, but. There were a lot of bloody events, this disunity that existed then, it, of course, greatly helped various kinds of interventionists, because the russians knew how to fight no worse than others, but beat one at a time, thats why there were a lot of difficult events of that period, there was a threat on both sides, now we mostly. Remember the threat of the west that was moving towards russia, so to speak , vaticaninspired forces advanced, but an even more terrible danger threatened from the east, this is a horde, because in those days just a lot of cities were destroyed, a significant part of russia fell into slavery, they paid tribute, and so did Alexander Nevsky. What they inherited, as they say, then he got it, it was not he who created this situation, but when he had already matured and became, one might say, the governor of novgorod, and then headed the principality, he had to solve these two problems, two threats that were approaching russia, west and east, he decided differently, he had an approach, if backwards. Comprehensive quality, on the one hand, military valor, on the other, the humility of a monk. Actually, here we are, this image that we are used to, Alexander Nevsky, in armor with a sword and so on, this, this is from the time of peter the great, because peter forbade depicting Alexander Nevsky on icons as such a humble monk, he needed a holy warrior , well, okay. Of course, but first, probably, about the context associated with western europe, heres the fight
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