The freeman foundation. By judy and Peter Blum Kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for americas neglecd needs. And byontributions to this pbs statiofrom viewers like you. Thank you. This is bbc world news america. Reporting from washington, im jane obrien. United states to mark the 19th anniversy of the terror attacks of 9 11. After neay two decades of war, peace negotiations are due between the afghan gent and the taliban. Bril continues to grapple with the coronavirus and as cases increase, the Indigenous Community is at even greater risk. It has been six months to that date since the who declared covid19 a pandemic. What have we learned, anilwhat do we stl need to do . For all of you watching on pbs and around the globe, welcome to world news america. Its been 19 years since the 9 11 hijackings killed nearly 3000 people in what remains the deadliest attack on u. S. Soion since the s world war. Throughout the country today, move memorials memorials were held in remembrance of the victims President Trump attended former Vice President joe biden was at a ceremony in new york, where planes crashed into the world trade center. Our north america correspondent nik gowing has this report. Nik not t 11, the dt separated the past and the future. This city became gund zero. John f. Gamboa. Nik families of the victims wore masks, b on a day of such high emotion it was hard to maintain social distance, atti a of mass morning in america. Donald trumparked the solemn day in shanksville, pennsylvania, where United Airlines flight crashed into a field after passengers tried the heroes of fligh93 are an everlasting reminder that no matter the danger, no matter the threat, no matter the odds, america will always rise up,al standand fight back. [bagpipes playing] nik joe biden began his day by playing by paying respect at the 9 11 memorial s apending ntialigning in the presi race. He has presented himself ae empathy candidate, a father who has suffered enormous personal grief d understands the bereavement of others. In the aftermath o 9 11, erica came together in the face of a common enemy. But that hasnt happened in response to covid19. The pandemic has exposed the polarized state his naon. This anniversary is hard to detach from the looming president i election, but in the waters of lower manhattan, some supporters of donald trump made their presence felt. Political no go zones are a thing of the american past. Bbc news, new york. Jane these memorial services, as the first formal peace talks between afghan officials and the taliban are set to begin in qatar tomorrow. U. S. Secretary of state mike pompeo will be attending. Joining me for mos former defense secretary for mores former defense secretary william cowan. Almost two decad on william cohen. After two decades on, are we finally at the point where these talks could conclude a long and mr. Cohen next to the bbc for ving me on. Is a solemn moment in the United States. It has been world transformigh. Im ded you marked that by opening your program with it. Ath respect tohanistan, there isnt any question that this war has run too long. D we have to focus now on really reducing the size of that force, to make it to counterterrorist type of policy or force structure, and that is to make sure that al qaeda doesnt come back or that the taliban doesnt do something th again poses a threat to the regionof and ultimately als. So i think that the time has come. I think the agreement is near, and i think all of us should celebrate that. Jane you mentioned the taliban. There is a lot of concern that with any former taliban government, a lot of human rights could be set back, particularly affecting women. How do you stop that happening . Mr. Cohen we are not going to stop it happening. Most of it is going to have to come from them. And to the extent that afghanistan is in a way dependent on outside forces, that means social, economic, plomatic, that wil eventually take place. It is not something we can impose. We found that in the pt 19 years. We cant impose our structure upon them. We cant impose our values upon them. They will have to continue to evolve. The best we can hope to do is to try bring about an eoort t counter the terrorist activity, and then hope the afghan tople will seet it is in their best interest to become a modern nationnd not left in the backwash of history. Jane after all these years, how would assess american involvement in afghanistan . Has it been successful . Mr. Cohen it has been successful to the extent we were able to respond to the attack, go in and basically decimate al qaeda units who were there. Longterm, we will have to wa and see. There is no immediate end and you can never say it is finally over, mission accomplished, wca walk away. I think we are always going to have terrorist groups. They will locate, whether in afghanistan or some other country, to gain a foothold and try to radicalize others. As we areinding down our effort, we are going to keep some presence, i hope, on a much smaller basis, but nonetheless to be able to respond quickly and regenerate forces if need be. It would be misleading on our part that we are out, it is over, i dont think that will be the case. We have to have other countries, india, pistan, other countries in the middle east. Jane secretary, before we run out of time, i want to turn to the middle east. Bahrain has become the latest arab nation to noalize relations th israel. Do you think that this is going to bring the palestinians to the negotiating table . Mr. Cohen i cant say. As more countries establish relations with israel, bahrain is one, we have thed uae, who the way. I expect the saudis will have to evaluate what they are going to do in the future as well. They all really look at iran as the most existential threat. This is a relationship evolving between the saudis, bahrainis, uae and others. They are seeing iran as the threat, not israel. So that is a good thing, seeing more golf states saying more gulf states saying we need to protect ourselves and those who want to move forward in this century and a positive and productive way. Jane sec. Cohen, thank you so much for joining make your lets turn to brazil, one of the countries worsthe affected by pandemic. Its indigenous communities are particularly vulnerable, but many tribes may be less exposed to coronavirus because they are reluctant to engage with outsiders. It also means they have very little immunity to diseases. Our south american correspondent katy watson is in brazil. Katie between searing heat and covid19, people stay indoors in this village come away from the outside world as much as ssible. Signs are posted reminding them of the invisible threat in their midst. Today, the Community Health team has registered a new case. Ons of the village leaders caught the virus. In the very beginning, gyre Bolsonaro Jair bolsonaro brushed off the virus, saying it was mo really mostly the elderly. Sondra, who invited us sandra oh, who inved us sandro, who invited us into e community, said the deaths if we lose a leader, if we lose a member of the community. We are losing everything, knowledge, traditions, medicines, culture, ge. Katie this village hasnt escaped the virus, but nobody has died in more remote communities where illegal mining and logging are rife, and were criminals have no respectct of prote land, Indigenous People have paid a price. There are se lifelines, though. There are shelters in towns across the amazon where people can seek help. And this, a crucial way of communicating with remote villages. A woman is on the line, asking after a relative who has been admitted to hospital. It is good news. She is fine, she is told. A nurse for indigenous communities works here at the shelter, looking at those with the virus and everyone else on top of that. It has not been easy. 175yearoldar mat one 75 euros matriarch called covid19. For a plaue calle to pick her up but when it arrived, she didnt want to go. Neither did the family. They think that when a patient is admitted to hl, they die. Later, she got worse. They asked f another plane, but it was too late. They needed a casket instead. Katie for those who accept medical help, talre are other nges. This is a special indigenous wing with two patients,ut b they wont come without their families, so doctors have to accept that isolation is anle imposssk. Indigenous people indigenous peop have low resistance to some virus, especially the flu. They ended up coming here to the hospital, a i they camo contact with white people. The main thing t was isolate them as much as possible, children especially. Katie brazils Indigenous People should be safer than the rest of the population, their land protected from the outside world. But this disease has crept in and many pinned the blame on the bolsonaro government for not doing enough to shield them. Katy watson, bbc news jane today marks sixons since the World Health Organization declared covid19 a pandemic. People have died and 20 million have been infected. Joining me is the dean of Brown University school ofc health. Thank you very much, for joining me. It has been a steepnd sometimes ertic learning curve. How would you rate global progress in trying to combat the coronaviru thank you for having me on. That is a difficult questn for a couple of reasons. Can talk about some things that have gone very well. The scientific advancement around the virus is extraordinary. In the last six months, we have made incredible progress and therapies, development of vaccines, diagnostiests. So that has been a real bright spot. And tre are some countries that have taken lessons we learned and applied them in managed to suppress the virus and managed to suppress t virus. And then there are a large number of countries that ignored many of those lessons and continue t see very large outbreaks. So very uneven progress across the globe, but definitely bright spots for the scientific community. Jane here in the. S. , travel has started to take up to tick up, people are engaging less with coronavirus stories. Are you worried americans are becoming apathetic or complacent about the virus . I am worried, for a few reasons. One is, i think there are people, all of us want the pandemic behind us, but some have come to believe the pandemic is behind us, partly because they listen to some political leaders who are saying as much. Cases inhe United States a,000 day. That is a high number. As kids go back to school, travel begins again, the fall season arrives, i expect those numbers are going to go up. So people becoming apathetic is not the way to manage our way through this pandemic. We are nowhere near done. We have as many days ahead of us as we do behind us. Jane i need you to put your College Administrators hat on. We have seen a number of colleges reopening to in person classes, but also spikes,nd sending students home if they have been infected. Sir colleges and unives ready for the challenge are colleges andy universities re for the challenge . Itepends. Some colleges and universities are acting irresponsibly. They n are doing quarantining when students arrive. They dont have testing and surveillance pgrams for their udents. And then they do exactly what you described, which is completely unconscionable, which is, we n kids becfected, sending them home, so they can then spread the infection to their parents and grandparents. That is complete responsible. There are responsible, sciencedriven ways of doing this, quarantining k,ping people on campus who become infected. But in fortunately, too few universities unfortunately, ino few universities are t that approac jane what you see as being the next milestone . In six months, will this be over . Laura i do think we will be in better shape. In sixmonth come i hope we will have a vaccine that is safe and effective. Willes bed, but many will be tested. There are many hard months to go between now and then. Jane thank you very much indeed for joining me. Ls have a quick look at some of the days other news. Atha least seven people been killed in protestsn colombia as outrage spreads over the death of a man who was pinned to the groundnd repeatedly tasered by police in bogota. Th unrest has seen hundreds of protesters clashing with police. The countrys dense ministerha said more than 1600 extra officers will be sent to help tackle t protests. Foreign ministers of india and china say they have agreed must quickly disengage from their border standoff. They held talks on the sideles of a conference in moscow. It w their first meeting since monthshe of tension along border turned deadly in june. Britain has signed its first postbrexit trade deal with japan. The British Government set the deal with will significantly reduce tariffs on u. K. Pork and beef exports. You are watching bbc world news america. Sto still to come tonight, the boss of one of the World Biggest mining companies, rio tinto, is forced to quit over the destruction of ancient aboriginal sites in australia. Jane un as ies in europe and north america struggled with the coronavirus, the number of new covid cases in africa continues to go down each week, with overall numbers remaining consistently low. Here is the bbc in nairobi. The number of cases in africa has been producing by 10 each week over the past month. They are baffled why the number of casesle cively is so small compared to the rest of the world. The seload here concert constitutes about 5 of the number of people who tested positive for covid19 globally. 3. 6 of people who died from the disease are here in africa. Hypotheses have been advanced, a large youtul population, older people ling mostly in rural areashat are sparsely populated, but experts have not arrived at one explanation is the cause of these low numbers. Jane officials in oregon have said more than 500,000 people haven not brdered to evacuate because of wildfires. That is more than 10 o othe populatithe state. Our correspondent ishere and he st to this report. Correspondent the scale of these wildfires is staggering. And as paper,beore lives are g lost. Reseven bodies were coved from this community alone after the flames were fought back. But around 100 major fires are now burning across the northwestern United States. They are doing what they can, but erratic winds are hampering efforts, threatening many communities in three states. Overnight, two othe biggest fires in oregon urged, and many more evacuation orders have been put in place, including right here, such that now, more than 500,000 people in this state har been told to leave thei homes. Those who fled medford, oregon, told of having just minutet to grab whaey could bore their homes were completely engulfed aoy des. In the last 10 years, we see an avege of 500,000 acres burned in an entire year. We have seen that nearly double in the past three days. N haveer seen this amount of uncontained fire across our state. Correspondent the governor talked about this beg the acute impac of climate change. And warned that, as unprecedentethese fires have been coming to expect more of the same tpe of devastation in the suture. There ll such a long way to go in the fight against this disaster, and fears of many more deaths to come. Bbc news, sandy, oregon. Jane he chief executive of one of the world is biggest mining companies, rio tinto, announced he is leaving the firm after second everettvi l the firm after sacred aboriginal destroyed. Ustralia were the company went ahead with the demolition despi o the oppositi original aboriginal owners. Coespondent a land that dates back millennia, destroyed by mining giants. The blast of the shelters was legally sanctioned for the expansion of a rio tinto iron ore mine. It went against the lands original owners, who were shocked and devastated. The caves were seen as one of australi Archaeological Research sites and had shown evidence of continuous human habitation dating bac46,000 years. They also sat on nearly 8 million tons of highgrade iron under 100 million. Ed value of it was approved by the last liberal national governmentn 2013. It was aec disappointingion, and as we said from the very beginning, it was very unfortunate this took place. Ese caves and this history cant be replaced. Correspondent rio tinto has been heavily criticized for its handling of the scandal. Last month, it was slammed for not going far enough when it stripped three executives of multimillion dollar bonuses, but kept them on. Now, after months of escalating pressure from aboriginal groups on top shareholders, ceo Jean Sebastian shock and two other sebastian . Jeaques and to others step down. But there are still calls for action. I am calling for a forensic review of their since the there systems and policies. It needs to be aborigina led. Raised questions aboutndal government responsibility to ensure protection of historical ancestral areas. It also highlights the great imbalance of power between austrias influential mining dustry and traditional landowners, difficult tonsil for a country with a wealth of sites dating back fand ancient thousands of years. Jane another blow to the worlds cultural heritage. Before we go, climbing ice in africa may seem unlikely. Butun atop ilimanjaro, africas highest peak, you can find it. This canadian weimer traveled to the aciers around Mount Kilimanjaro in a race against time, before the ice melts permanently. This is his second climb up the mountain, in an attempt to achieve thrills and understand why the ice is melting. He and his team found that since his last trip in 2014, glaciers have lost over 50 of their ice mass. He made it up the peak safely and is now trying to combat the effects of climate s chang there is probably more ice wanting in his futu. No ice climbing for me in mind, but have a good weekend, everybody. Narrator funding for this presentation of this program is provided by. Language specialists teaching spanish, french and more. Raymond james. The freeman foundation. By judy and pete blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutione for americaected needs. And by contrstutions to this pbion from viewers like you. Thank you. Girl we are the curious. Woman 1 wow man 1 the adventurous. Man 2 oh daniel tiger grrr woman 2 those venturing out for the first time. All blast off [rocket expl man 3 and those who have never lost our sense of wonder. N 4 whoa man 5 are you seeing this . [quacking] vo we are the hungry. Cookie monster cookie man 6 the strong. Muhammad ali i must be the greatest vo the joyful. Bob ross a happy little cloud. Man 3 we believe there is always more we c uncover. Girl more we can explore. Woman 3 we believe. Man 6 . In the capacity for goodness. Vo and the potential for greatness. Man 7 the torch has been passed to a new generation of americans. Man 1 pbs. Man 3 pbs. Girl pbs. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, c woodruff good evening. Im judy woodruff. Onhe newshour tonight the fires burn on. 10 oregons population is under evaction orders amid a rising death toll in the region, as officials look to Better Weather for hope. Then, vote 2020. Esident trump holds a rally wi thousands of mostly maskless supporters, as th candidates mark this september 11th. Plus, 19 years later. Children born on september 11, 2001 are now eligible to vot in a country and world forever shaped by the events of that day. And, its friday
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