Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20180119

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President trump writing, Senate Democrats are needed for a shortterm spending bill, but want ilLegal Immigration and weak borders. He then asked, shutdown coming . However, within hours, it was fellow republican Lindsey Graham who tweeted that he is not going to support the president s one month deal, calling the situation a fiasco. Across town, the defense secretary, responsible for roughly two million personnel troops and civilian stressed a decade of budget crises have choked military planning. Wasting Copious Amounts of precious taxpayer dollars. Desjardins at 11 00 a. M. , the senate was back in session, and in the hallways, rumors were flying of a possible fiveday deal. But on the floor, Party Leaders showed only acrimony. Now that we are 13 hours away from a Government Shutdown, that democrats would initiate and democrats would own, the craziness of this seems to be dawning on my friend, the democratic leader. The republican majority in the house and senate, with their president , have failed to come up with a blueprint for spending. For this great nation that we serve. Desjardins meanwhile, republicans, including office of management and budget director Mick Mulvaney, were trying to brand the shutdown with a democratic name. Preparing for what were calling the schumer shutdown. Desjardins . After Democratic Senate leader chuck schumer. Schumer himself was staying quiet behind the scenes, looking for shortterm options. But just before noon, a setback House Freedom caucus chair mark meadows told newshour, house leadership rejected a fiveday deal. More signs of a shutdown house members, taking what were supposed to be their last votes of the week, were told not to leave town. And President Trump canceled his flight to maralago. Within the hour, mr. Trump called schumer, summoning him to the white house for a oneonone summit of sorts. Schumer returned to the capitol with positive words, but no deal. We had a long and detailed meeting. We discussed all of the major outstanding issues. We made some progress, but we still have a good number of disagreements. The discussions will continue. Desjardins next, hours of waiting, filled only by speeches on the senate floor that changed nothing except passed the shortening time until a shutdown. Woodruff so, if congress and the white house do not meet their deadline tonight, hundreds of thousands of federal employees almost half of all civilian federal workers would not be able to do their jobs. Some government functions will not be affected. The Postal Service will continue to deliver mail. Air Traffic Controllers from the f. A. A. And Airport Security officers from the t. S. A. Will stay on the job. And, the government will keep providing social security, medicare and medicaid benefits. In addition, the interior Department Says that it will Keep National Parks as accessible as possible. Thats a shift from previous shutdowns. Still, this shutdown could have serious ramifications for many government agencies. More than half of i. R. S. Employees would be sent home, even as it gets ready for tax season and adjusts to the new tax law. And it could tie up the department of health and Human Services, as it grapples with the difficult, ongoing flu season. But, back to the swirl of shutdown politics, ahead of tonights deadline. Lisa desjardins, whose report we just heard, joins us from capitol hill. And, yamiche alcindor, whos been watching this story unfold from the white house today, is with me here. Welcome back to both of you. Lisa, i feel like i have been asking you this question every night for many, many nights, but where do we stand right now . What is going on, yes. Actually, judy, in the last half hour, there is a glimmer of hope. Senate majority leader john cornyn, Senate Whip John Cornyn told members of the press that he thinks there will be a vote tonight. We heard from the l. B director Mick Mulvaney he thinks there is a potential tonight. This means potentially democrats and republicans are getting closer to having a vote. We dont know if thats going to be a final agreement or not. I emailed a top democratic source and they said its unclear. I think the biggest sign is the silence. The last two or three hours at the capitol have been incredibly quiet and eng we both know actually maybe there is progress behind the scenes. Democrats have asked for a shorter term c. R. , five days or less. That was rejected im told by republicans this morning. Now republicans say they will accept something only two weeks or more. Maybe theyre negotiating somewhere in between, but i think the next few hours will tell us a lot. Woodruff so yamiche, we know the president tweeted, but hes been unusually quiet on that front today. Whats is he saying . He has stepped up efforts in that hes summoning people the white house and sending out mark short the legislative director and Mick Mulvaney to publicly speak about this and sending mark short to the hill, hes there now meeting with lawmakers. The idea is President Trump is saying he had an excellent meeting with chuck schumer, theyre making progress on twitter and hes wanting a forum extension which is probably not going to happen but the idea hes saying and being clear about what he wants which Mitch Mcconnell said in the past was a real problem that Lawmakers Said he didnt want. Woodruff the fourweek extension is what is in the proposal right now. Lisa, lets talk about the pressure open both sides. What are these what are the democrats and the republicans dealing with right now . A shutdown usually happens when one or both sides believe its in their favor. Sources outside the capitollics lobbyist sources on the left, some progressive groups believe a shutdown would help negotiations over daca. But an earnest conversation is happening on the left on whether theyve overplayed that and the momentum is going to the other way. On the right some conservatives think a shutdown would help them because they believe democrats would be blamed. However, polling in the Washington Post show more americans blame republicans. So there are republicans worried they would be gained movement who would gain from a shutdown . Right now pressure on both parties starting to believe both would be blamed. The smartest people i was talking to today were the tourist ms. The capitol not just because of the march of life but several conventions are in town. Americans with read in on this situation and democrats and republican said they would in fact blame both sides. Woodruff yamiche, if they dont get it if i could out tonight, what does that mean for the federal workers . Mick mulvaney said there are going to be fed workers that will have to go to work and not get paid. Military workers, post office workers, people patrolling the borders, they will have to show up and not get a paycheck. When reporters started shouting are they going to get backpay, and reporters and workers have essentially within able to get backpay, he wouldnt answer the question. I emailed the office to ask and i still have not gotten an answer. So its a real question mark. The contingency plans put on line by the federal government illustrate they are likely going to pay people if they dont get paid. But part of the other issue thats going on is military families will be impacted by the services they receive, something people are very familiar with, which is commissaries, subsidized grocery for military families, would be closed down, so potentially people would have not being paid for the work they do and paying more for their grocery. Woodruff lisa, you have been looking for the effects on federal agents requests taking a look at what it means for individual government workers. I think one thing, you covered it so well earlier, is people dont realize there are many agencies that in large part have the vast a majority of their staff remain, that is defense and Homeland Security have hundreds of thousands of people stay on the job. The Smaller Agency ares are affected the most and usually shut down the most. At the capitol, one of the door keepers, whose job it is, to unsung hearos hang around outside and protect the members of the senate, told me they wish someone was handing out free tylenol. There is a stress about the whole situation. Woodruff and for the press, the reporters. Yes. Woodruff lisa desjardins, well see how long you have to stay there. Same with you yamiche, thank you very much. Thanks. And in the days other news, secretary of defense jim mattis insisted that the u. S. Military must focus more on opposing china and russias growing influence. He outlined a new national defnse strategy that would prioritize preparing for war against major world powers, over fighting terrorism. Mattis vowed that the pentagon would restore its Competitive Edge that had eroded in every domain of warfare. We face growing threats from revisionist powers as different as china and russia are from each other. Nations that do seek to create a world consistent with their authoritarian models pursing Veto Authority over other nations economic, diplomatic and security decisions. Woodruff mattis also called out iran and north korea for threatening regional and global stability. Clashes between indian and Pakistani Forces flared for a third day in disputed kashmir. Villages and border posts in the himalayan region came under heavy shelling from both sides. Three civilians and two soldiers died, and at least two dozen civilians were wounded. Schools were forced to close, and local officials urged residents to stay indoors. Back in this country, the Supreme Court agreed to hear a challenge to President Trumps travel ban. Earlier versions of the ban were blocked by lower courts. The latest version bans travelers from six muslim majority countries. The justices are expected to hear arguments in april, and issue a ruling by late june. Today marked the 45th annual march for life in washington. Thousands of antiabortion activists marched through the streets of the capital, carrying signs and chanting prolife slogans. Before the march got underway, President Trump pledged his support to their cause, addressing the rally via satellite from less than two miles away, at the white house rose garden. You love every child, born and unborn, because you believe that every life is sacred. That every child is a precious gift from god. Under my administration, we will always defend the very first right in the declaration of independence, and that is the right to life. Woodruff the Trump Administration used this day to take two more steps today in its antiabortion fight. The department of health and Human Services issued a new regulation to protect medical providers who refuse to perform abortions over moral or religious objections. The agency also rolled back obamaera legal guidance that made it harder for states trying to defund planned parenthood. The u. S. Justice Department Says that it plans to retry new jersey senator bob menendez. The democrat was charged in a federal court in newark with bribery and corruption for allegedly trading political favors for gifts and campaign donations. His first trial ended in a hung jury, and prosecutors say they want a retrial at the earliest possible date. Menendez said that he expects to be vindicated again. A former gymnastics doctor faced more of his accusers during an emotional fourth day in a lansing, michigan court. Larry nassar has plead guilty to sexually abusing patients, while working at Michigan State university, under the guise of medical treatment. He was also a team doctor for u. S. A. Gymnastics. Olympic Gold Medalist aly raisman was among some 80 victims who addressed nassar in to his face. Abusers, your time is up. The survivors are here standing tall, and we are not going anywhere. And please, your honor, stress the need to investigate how this happened, so that we can hold accountable those who empowered and enabled larry nassar. So we can repair and once again believe in this wonderful sport. My dream is that one day, everyone will knows what the words me too signify, so they can educate and protect themselves from people like larry. So they will never have to say the words, me too. Woodruff nassar has already been sentenced to 60 years in prison on separate federal charges of child pornography. And, stocks closed higher on wall street today. The Dow Jones Industrial average gained nearly 54 points to close above 26,071. The nasdaq rose 40 points, and the s p 500 added 12. Both of those closed at record highs. For the week, the dow, nasdaq, and the s p 500 rose around 1 . Still to come on the newshour what is at stake for Senate Democrats in the finding fight . No end in sight in the brutal war in syria. Mark shields and david brooks on whos responsible for this round of washington brinkmanship. Plus, much more. Woodruff we return now to the top story of the day the 11th hour push to fund the government and avoid a shutdown. We get two takes from Senate Democrats about the way forward. I spoke first with senator jeff merkley of oregon, on the Senate Budget committee, about any possible deal. Were all waiting to hear the details of the conversation between senator schumer and President Trump. Hopefully, this is going to shine a light on the path. Woodruff what were hearing is very skimpy but were told that senator schumer did present some ideas to the president , and were separately told that the Republican Leadership in the senate is saying the minimum time theyd agree for an extension is two weeks. Does that shed any light on anything . Well, it just shows how unprepared the Republican Leadership is for this dialogue. I mean, these are issues that have been there going back into july and august in preparation for the next fiscal year, but they set aside the fundamental work of governance in order to pursue a Healthcare Plan that would rip healthcare from 30 million americans and a tax plan designed to deliver a trillion dollars to richest americans and let the basic issues of governance, Childrens Healthcare and opening our clinics and what the spending bill should look like for fiscal year 2018, they left all these things untended, and, so, here we are. So we want a short continuing resolution, a day, two days, short in order to hold their feet to the fire and say get serious, get in the room and lets start resolving these issues. We have bipartisan proposals sitting right in front of us ready to adopt. Woodruff senators, im sure you know the white House Republicans say they are taking care of Childrens Health insurance, that theyre saying the issue is Democrats Holding this up over daca, these young people who came to this country from mexico and other countries without documentation, and theyre saying democrats are making that more important than even Childrens Health insurance, which, i know, in your state, is particularly important. Lets be clear. The Childrens Health insurance expire at the end of september. We were pushing through the summer to get this bill done. Here we are almost into the spring of 2018. Feels like were headed that direction, and theyre just getting to it and doing it in a fashion to turn one group of children into a bargaining chip against another group of children. Thats so unnecessary and its wrong. The dreamers are members of our community who have been there virtually their entire life. They contribute to our communities. We are going to make sure they are treated decently and get a foundation. But a foundation for having a solid, if p you will, sense of their legal status, and that should have been done long ago. The president says he wants to get this done. Republicans have said they want to get this done, there is a bipartisan bill ready to adopt so lets do it. Woodruff thats what i want to ask you about as well because the White House Legislative Affairs director mark short said today there is no legislation that could be voted on right now. Well, thats simply not the case. We have a proposal that three democrats and three republican senators worked out. The president said bring this compromise over to the white house. They did last thursday. Since then, wie had, as various points, up to seven republicans say were ready to agree with this the just voluntarily saying they were on board for it. Clearly, you have the makings of a bipartisan deal. Woodruff senator, youre not worried democrats will get the blame if the government shuts down . Not at all, for two reasons one, weve proposed a short c. R. To keep the government open that keeps the negotiating at high speed. I think American People want negotiating on high speed. They dont want what the republicans have done and just kick it down the road. Furthermore, as were offering to keep it open and republicans are saying no, thats the second reason the republicans are who are at fault here and the second is they control every bit of both houses of congress and the presidency, so theyre clearly in charge. In fact, Mitch Mcconnell even blocked the ability for the democrats to put a bipartisan proposal on the floor last night. Woodruff senator jeff merkley of oregon, thank you very much. Good to be with you, judy. Woodruff now for another perspective from capitol hill on the government funding fight, im joined now by democratic senator Catherine Cortez masto. She is the freshman senator from nevada, where she served as that states attorney general for eight years. Senator cortez masto, thank you for being with us. What a way to begin your second year in the senate. Im happy to be here, judy. Youre absolutely right. This has been an incredible yar so far, definitely exciting. Woodruff listening now to senator merkley, i taped that interview about an hour and a half ago, he made a very valid argument but we now know in the last couple of hours, two more Democratic Senators from red states, states that voted for President Trump, have said they will go along with the republican proposal. Are democratic ranks now basically crum crumbling and dou now see Movement Toward enough democrats supporting this republican government funding bill . No, not at all. They need 60 votes to move forward. But, judy, heres the deal at the end of the day, not only do democrats have concerns about moving forward with this continuing resolution thats been put before us, as you know republicans do as well. And now we have time to come together, negotiate, figure out how we address all of the issues we have concerns about because were all representing constituents from our states, were all representing the United States, so now its time to come together and, really, its time for this leadership here in congress to start working with everyone. This isnt about politics, this isnt about a win. This is about finding solutions for the people across the country, and thats what they expect us to do. Woodruff what do you think is going to happen . Because as you know, this measure says lets wait another month and well try to work on daca, the measure to help the young people who came here without documentation from other countries. Democrats are saying, no, no, no, we dont want to go for a month. Are we talking about a matter of days . Is that the difference . Well, yes. The difference is this, judy, weve already gone this would be the fourth continuing resolution. Theres a tendency for the leadership to just kick the can down the road every 30 days and nothing happens. So now its time to hold their feet to the fire and if we have to stay here tomorrow and the next day and the next day to say lets get in a room, lets figure this out, we have an obligation to come up with a budget. We have an obligation to protect dreamers, we have an obligation to fund our military. We have an obligation for our veterans, retirees, communities, health centers, centers for our children, thats what we should be doing. I think thats what youre hearing from the democrats is enough time frame moving every 30 days and letting the Republican Leadership pick who wins and loses. Now its time to fight for everyone. Do i hear you saying you and other democrats are prepared to see the government shut down tonight because this proposal by the republicans doesnt include the immigration language . The current resolution thats before us now i would not support for that very reason. You know, and my colleague has said et, youve heard senator merkley and i feel the same way. These dreamers in my country, i have met with them. We have teachers who are dreamers. Not only are we telling them were going to take you out of the classrooms and the communities, well take you away from your families and the students you work with and send you back to a country you do not even know. Thats why 80 of the country supports dreamers and protecting and passing something. We have something before us right now, bipartisan work, but we could work on and actually move forward and get something done. Woodruff but senator, you republicans are in charge of the senate. If they call a vote on the measure that passed the house, youre saying enough democrats are not going to support it and the government will shut down at midnight . I cant speak for my colleagues. I can tell you what im doing in fighting for everyone. Its time we stand up for everyone and not pick and choose who wins add loses every time we have a resolution on the floor. I was on the floor in 2014 and 2016 to pass chip then. It expired in my state and we only had a few months to cover it, and i didnt hear the republicans saying it was important and brit up, were hearing from them the first time because theyre using it as bargaining chip and picking and choosing who winds. I am here to fight for everyone. Its important we hold out and continue this fight, and if it means that we have to negotiate every single day and we have to stay here, then thats what we should be doing because thats what the American Public respects. Woodruff even through a shutdown . Stay here and get it done. Stay here, negotiate and get things done, and thats what i can tell you is so important. That to me is our priority. Woodruff senator Catherine Cortez masto from nevada, we thank you very much. Thank you. Woodruff Turkish Forces appeared ready to invade a kurdish area of syria today, and attack a force backed by the United States. This comes as syrias near sevenyear war grinds on, with the assad regime and its russian allies hammering opposition areas. So, as Nick Schifrin reports, an alreadycomplex battlefield might soon become more so. Reporter on the turkish, syrian border, the Turkish Military appears ready for battle. Theyre amassing tanks, and firing artillery into syria. Today turkish media said a hospital was targeted and destroyed. This is syrias northwest corner, controlled mostly by kurds. These are the same u. S. Backed kurds who helped liberate former isis headquarters raqqa. The u. S. Wants to convert them to a 30,000strong stabilization force. But turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan told a raucous rally, the u. S. Backed group was a grave threat. translated a country that we call our ally insists on forming a terror army along our border, despite all our objections, warnings and well meant advice. Do you think a terrorist organization formed along the Turkish Border has a target other than turkey . Reporter the u. S. Insists the force poses no threat to turkey. But the u. S. Will support them for years, as part of a long term military commitment designed to prevent isis from returning, says secretary of state Rex Tillerson. Isis presently has one foot in the grave. And, by maintaining an American Military presence in syria until the full and complete defeat of isis is achieved, it will soon have two. Reporter the 2,000 american troops in syria are a mix of trainers, marines, and frontline special operations forces. They will target isis and al qaeda, but also have other goals eliminating the chemical weapons that the Syrian Regime has used against its own people; diminishing irans influence and iranianbacked hezbollah fighters; and helping the 11. 5 million refugees and internally displaced. Thats a huge order after seven years of war. It could mean u. S. Troops are in syria indefinitely. Responsible change may not come as immediate as some hope for, but rather through an incremental process of constitutional reform, unsupervised elections. But that change will come. Reporter but today, whats coming is still assadregime bombardment. Syria obliterated buildings in idlib province, the largest area still held by rebels. The war has killed as many as half a million, and counting. For more on syria, the u. S. , turkey, and the kurds, im joined by andrew exum. Hes a former army ranger and served as Deputy Assistant secretary of defense for the middle east under president obama. Hes now a contributing editor to the atlantic. And, mona yacoubian. She is the Senior Advisor for syria, middle east and north africa at the United States institute of peace, here in washington. Welcome to you both. Thank you very much. Andrew exum, lets start with turkey and the border in the northwest right now. You face this under the Obama Administration. The Trump Administration has also found that these Kurdish Forces are the most effective against i. S. I. S. But turkey seize them as terrorists. So how big of a threat is it when turkey starts talking about invading northwest syria . Yeah, turkey has been very transparent and what about their interests are in syria. They dont like the Islamic State, nusra or the sunni militants. They also dont like the assad regime, but their primary concern is the Kurdish Forces that are in mostly northeast but also some in northwest syria. They are petrified that there is going to be some sort of semiautonomous kurdish region. They view the kurdish factions in control in Northern Syria as being one in the same as thepark kk terrorists waging concerns against the United States. So theyre at odds with the United States of using the forces as proxies to carry out interests on the ground. We had to deal with this in the Obama Administration and the Trump Administration is dealing with it as well. For a long while the turks talked a lot about what they might do. However, a little over a year, year and a half ago they actually went into syria so theyve shown a willingness to intervene militarily in Northern Syria in way that can complicate efforts against the Islamic State. Now the good news is war against the Islamic State has largely been won at this point. However, that does not mean that the war in syria might continue for quite some time. Lets talk about that more strategic motion of where syria is. A map of the various factions in syria. Kurdish forces in yellow, the regime. The majority in red of forces, in green and orange the antiassad forces, various groups and where we talked about fighting in idlib, are we lookinger at the end game for syria now . I think we are in the sense its clear the assad regime consolidated its control certainly over damascus and the main parts of syria. But at the same time there is going to be a very protracted and messy end game. I think many of the conflicts and the sub conflicts that have already been referenced, the turks staking their claim and what the red lines are, the regime looking to regain control of idlib which is as you see on the map very centrally located. The kurds attempting to stake their claim. It is an end game but it will be long, it will be messy and it will be, unfortunately, rife with conflict. For a lot of conflict, long and messy which andrew exum is the war stege steekly over, did the syrians win is this. The war strategically for all intents and purposes over, the Syrian Regime did win. We often pressed the russians and others about, hey, if youre in syria to go after the Islamic State or the islamist militants, why arent you in idlib now . But of course they went to aleppo and the strategically important areas in 2016 to try to consolidate their victory and now theyre more or less mopping up against some of the islamic militants. Strategically its over, however the conflict could last and be suffering especially in places like idlib. But as we see in every civil war, the region and elsewhere, all the factions are fight with an eye towards the postwar settlement and who gets to be in control of what areas so i think its likely you will see fighting for some time. And fighting for some time and mona yacoubian, we heard Rex Tillerson try to lay out what the u. S. Strategies or goals, perhaps, were including not only against i. S. I. S. And al quaida but removing weapons of mass destruction, helping refugees, diminishing iranian influence, we solving conflict, a long list, is this a forever war for the snus. I think the secretary laid out a very ambitious plan. I think the reality the priority remains defeating i. S. I. S. And stabilizing the areas being liberated from ice. I. S. I. S. I dont know this is a forever war, but it is important to note the secretary staked the u. S. Military presence on the enturing defeat of i. S. I. S. And on a sort of settle and peaceful sir. I cant thats going to, of course, as we both noted, thats a long ways away. And, so, andrew exum, is it really feasible to talk about all of these things when the goal is still to defeat i. S. I. S. , i. S. I. S. Is still there, it wont be there forever, can the u. S. Stay there long enough to accomplish these goals . I think if i were to give the post charitable rendition of secretary tillersons wish list, i think hes trying to preserve options for the United States in syria. Hes not going to say we dont care about the assad regime or Bashar Alassad stepping away from power, even though we know the trajectory of the campaign is largely set in those terms. Also keeping u. S. Forms on the ground that also preserves options in terms of pushing back against iranian influence. It gives you the option of projecting how we are for the foreseeable future. The humanitarian aspect of the war, idlib is going to be very bloody. Are we looking at another humanitarian disaster. Yes, idlib has a billion civilians, millions displaced and ended up there. More than 100,000 civilians displaced further north in the midst of winter conditions, no shelter. Unfortunately, i think we are going to see more displacement and suffering as a result of the ongoing violence. Mona yacoubian, andrew exum, thank you very much. Woodruff now, on the eve of the anniversary of his first year in office, the president faces the possibility of a domestic crisis a midnight deadline to keep the federal government open. And with fears of a shutdown growing, both parties are pointing fingers at each other. That brings us to the analysis of shields and brooks. Thats syndicated columnist mark shields, and New York Times columnist david brooks. Welcome, gentlemen, on this deadline night. So, david, where is your finger pointing . I really dont know. Im embarrassed for my country. Weve gotten used to the shutdowns but we shouldnt ever. Its all so stupid. If we had a Dwight Eisenhower or Franklin Roosevelt they would say lets figure ut out, act like grownups and feel demind to go through the rituals of condemnation. So it shouldents be like this. The second thing, the way i think this is a significant moment, sit represents the parties defining themselves in the middle of a big demographic shift in the country. This is funneling down to a debate about immigration. We used to have the debate about the size of government or war and peace, but immigration is one of the central issues in American Life and really at the core of this thing, and the republicans clearly feel especially in red states, they can go to red states and say, you know, we want to keep government open for americans, we want to keep healthcare for americans, the army for americans and they want to hold it up for a bunch of illegal americans, so which party do you support . And thats what the republicans are going to hang their hat on in a country thats rapidly diversifying. Woodruff how do you size all this . I disagree in that republicans dont say illegal americans. They say illegals. Like everybody else, like david and i and im sure you, we made a decision at the age of six or eight where we were going to live, where we were going to go to school and what country we were whose flag we were going to honor and overwhelmingly this is app issue on which the republicans are on the short side. Americans of both parties, independents believe people who have been brought here had no decision and illegal entry whove gone up here, worked, an contributed to the country are entitled to legal status. The problem is quite frankly the democrats have chosen this as the one issue to make a fight on, which does echo not simply the cause itself but the politics of 2016, and identity politics. And of all the targets of opportunity that donald trump and these republicans have given them from knocking people off health carry to attacking widows and orphans, theyve chosen this one. It is one, quite frankly, this issue, that the democrats prevail on overwhelmingly across the country. What Mitch Mcconnell and republicans in the senate are playing right now is state by state politics that put democrats in red states on the defensive, whether joe manchin in west virginia, joe donnelly woodruff but it sounds like youre saying the democrats are making the wrong call about hanging the argument on whether to keep the government open on immigration . I would say it depends on the time frame. In the short term its down to both parties ill will. Polls say whos to blame, republicans say democrats are, democrats say republicans are. This is not an issue where people are persuaded by evidence. They just go to the partisan camp. If ut matters in 018, i agree with mark, its bad, if uh youre a red state senator trying to hold on to your seat this is a bad posture for you. Its just not good in. The longer term, of course, in the republicans maintain the party not only of donald trump but they turn into the party of tom cotton who wants to cut Legal Immigration by 50 , then that to me is ruinous for the party. One of the things thats fascinating, one of the reasons there is so much confusion is this is a party who had a strong Lindsey Graham, john mccain, george w. Bush wing, and suddenly thats shifted, and how far has it shifted . 5u89 way to tom cotton . A lot further than a lot of us thought. People are trying to catch up to where the party has shifted and donald trump has mud idea the waters by being here, being there, being there, but mostly pretty restrictionist. Woodruff mark, youre saying the democrats had a choice. They didnt have to make this about daca and immigration but they chose to do that and are taking a risk. Let me be clear. I think democrats are on the right side of history and morally. Im talking about the political judgment and assessment thats made. Will it work for democrats across the country, yes, the democrats to advantage and republicans to disadvantage, but when youre mhmitch trying to hold on to the senate youre trying to figure out how to put Heidi Heitkamp in north dakota on the defensive. Republicans cant find anybody to run against her. Everybodys passed on it. How to take on Claire Mccaskill in missouri, joe donnelly in indiana, both of whom proved themselves to be formidable in red states in winning elections. So i think thats really where it is. I just think there are more opportunities for the democrats who, in 2016, were and i think rightly targeted as a party of identity politics. So reaching out to constituency by constituency. I would say one thing, the tide has been swinging looks like in the democratic direction in 2018 and the only way they could mess it up that i could imagine so far is if they have a base election, if they go if they make their voters in new york, San Francisco and l. A. Super happy but make the voters in indiana and tennessee and missouri super unhappy, and they risk that sort of fissure with this. Woodruff so thats the state by state or district by district political calculus but, david, is there a price to pay from standing back and looking at this from the way washington runs standpoint, from the fact it just looks, again, like its a place where they cant get the job done . Well, i think the big story there is a lot of people around the country look at washington and say why would i ever want to go there . Why would i ever want to Pay Attention to that stuff . Why would i ever believe in that system. And thats a problem for the country as a whole. Its just government is observes lessens. If were going to observes ie specific problem for democrats because the party of government has to live with the discrediting of government. In the long term as people become more disgusted and distrustful of the government it served the Republican Party politically reasonably well. Woodruff this coincides, mark, as we have been saying with the oneyear anniversary of President Trumps year in office, time in office. How does he come through this . I mean, how is he looking right now . Does he come out of this looking stronger . What . Well, i want to take a step back so i talked today about peter hart, a democratic pollster, the wall street journal nbc poll and they did a yearend assessment. Peter said the most common word used to describe voters feeling a year ago about donald trump after the election is hopeful. The most common word used now is disgust. He called it the year o ageiati. There were president s where people had a personal relation. Lyndon johnson and richard nsikan didnt have it. So when they hit rough patches politically they didnt have the core of affection feeling confidence that voters extended to them and gave them the benefit of the doubt, and donald trump does not have it. He lacks it. Voters dont think he has temperament, maturity, judgment or selflessness. Woodruff but he has the core of the voters. No question about it. But, judy, think about it we now have the best Economic Times since the late 1990s tech boom, really just phenomenal times economically. The stock market is going through the ceiling and hes still, you know, mid 30s . I mean, orde ordinarily any pret would be 60 favorable in this economic and its a slower erosion, i decided several weeks ago, the fox news voters are less pro trump than they were. I saw a poll among white evangelicals, favorability for trump has dropped 17 from 83 . So thats an erosion of this porn star stuff, this stuff he says about the country, this has this slow erosion. It doesnt mean theyre fleeing because what we have in this country is negative polarization, nobody likes their party but hate the other party, so that inhibits it but were seeing a slow drip, drip. Woodruff but you look at the polls and the interviews done with the voters, ive seen some in the last few days, that people have done these one year in interviews, the people who liked him, many of them are still saying i just like the fact that hes standing up to the establishment, that hes telling everybody to jump in a lake. Its this aesthetic mode of talk, the things he said about el salvador, haiti and the other countries, a lot of us find it offensive. But a lot of people whether they think anything of those countries think hes talking straight, thats the way we talk in the bar here. That was never going to hurt him. Straight talk even though vial, that doesnt hurt him because people see it as hes like me and hes sticking it in their eye those people who i dislike. Woodruff and, mark, you brought up the economy. In the end, the old saying the people vote their pocketbooks, their wallets. You know, from all Available Evidence at this point, i mean, its having to be a its heading to be a bad republican year across the board in the base of the economic tailwinds that should be helping the party in the majority. I just point out one thing, judy. We go through this about the closing of the government. In both 96 and 13, bill clinton was president in 96, barack obama in 2013, both cases folks are blaming therooms. The republicans maintained their majority in the Congress Though closed down the government in 96, they picked up dozens of seats in 2014 even though they were regarded as the villains in closing down the government and depriving people of public services. This has never been an issue on which voters have voters in an election. Theres a lot of news between now and 2018 to come. The fact that democrats said we can pin trump racism, thats what were going to run on, and the republicans said were going to pin american identity versus the aliens, thats what were going to run on, it shows this is not a normal economic era, a peace and war era, its an identity err ray and even a Government Shutdown revolves around fundamental issues of race and and Donald Trumps despicable and loathsome remarks about people and the countries they came from gives the democrats an opening and advantage if not a challenge to raise this issue. Woodruff something that will be remembered. Well know in a few hours what happens. Mark shields, david brooks, thank you both. Woodruff finally tonight, have you ever had trouble getting ketchup out of a bottle . How about stopping an oil rig from exploding . A lab in boston has developed a slick solution for both problems. Our science producer, nsikan akpan, reports about this new coating, in our latest episode of sciencscope. Look at this ketchup sliding. So smooth and easy. Back in the day using condiments tended to end with a cave man style mess. But not with these hightech bottles. The insides are coated with something called liquiglide. Its a Coating Technology that can basically get every last bit to have the product out so you can save on billions of tons of product thats wasted. What liquiglide does is fundamentally changes how liquids and solids interact. Thats a mechanical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of technology who cocreated liquiglide to battle the nefarious issue of interfaces. An interface is any spot or surface where two things meet. Youre familiar with the physical forces creating friction and solid phases, like when a tire skids on a road. But a liquid sliding across a solid also experience this is friction in tension. Its part of what makes some liquid sticky such as maple syrup. A ubiquitous problem, whether personal problems to Chemical Industry to energy industry. Liquid guide came about due to an infamous interface problem in the oil industry. Drilling oil unerst all types of crud, mucky settlement and minerals which make crystals and can form molasses goop and plug a pipe. If they form its catastrophic because if you release this methane plug the methane can come out and essentially lead to an explosion. He was mulling how to prevent the plugs from forming when a similar problem sprouted at home. That too many my son was about a year old, my wife was trying to get honey out of a bottle and, you know, she said, you know, why dont you apply this technology to bottles. The plastic, glass, any solid surface isnt truly smooth. Its covered with microscopic ridges and gaps that cause friction at interspaces. So they chemically designed a liquid to intentionally exterrence so much friction that get stuck in the pockets. This embedded liquid acts as a lubricant, put ketchup in the bottle and collides against the lubricant never coming in physical contact with the glass. Get it . Liquiglide. We thought about how can we make it easy and spreadable. Smith developed a formula to protect coatings for any solid surface. Once sprayed, it adheres to firmly to the bottle that it cant seep into the containers contents. As a precaution, the applications are edible and f. D. A. Approved. They founded a startup in 2012 and the spreadable coatings help get out the sticky stuff. Even el merits glue. Liquiglide wont work for every pocket book. Its tricky for larger containers and materials like plain old glass. Liquiglide is best suited for smaller containers or situations where you can easy respray it like industrial bins. At the lab, a new legion of grad students are congress kerring other interfaces. Tired of flight delays due to icecovered planes . If you have icing on a wing, the time it will spend on the surface will determine whether its or doesnt. So we want to minimize the time it spends on the surface. We create microscopic ridges on the surface and if we imact on the middle of the ridge we can see it breaks up in two parts that will bounce off independently and because the two parts are smaller than the initial draft they bounce off faster and this is because when it bounces it actually acts like a spring and gets compressed when it expands and retracts. And smaller drops act like smaller springs that actually stiffer than the larger drop and stiffer springs will drop off fasters. If smaller drops bounce off faster water is less likely to stick so it could eliminate toxic chemicals other airlines use. Clogs are being sopped at water facilities by observing how saltwater evaporates or creeping water from condensing on steam turbines to improve Energy Efficiency at power plants or a pesticide spray that sticks to plant leaves more effectively rather than washing away into the environment. Thats all from now. Im nsikan akpan, sciencescope from the pbs newshour. Woodruff fascinating stuff. Woodruff fascinating stuff. On the newshour online right now in a shifting Health Insurance landscape, a growing number of americans have turned to health care sharing, where members pool money to pay for medical expenses. But while religiouslyaffiliated sharing ministries have boomed, they dont come with the same Consumer Protections as traditional insurance. You can learn more on our website, www. Pbs. Org newshour. And, tune in later tonight. On washington week, robert costa will have more on the push to strike a deal to fund the federal government and avoid a shutdown. On tomorrows edition of pbs newshour, Jeff Greenfield reports on the conservative split over President Trumps first year in office. And that is the newshour for this friday night. Im judy woodruff. We will have updates online of the last minute negotiations in the senate. Have a great weekend. Thank you, and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by babbel. A language app that teaches reallife conversations in a new language, like spanish, french, german, italian, and more. Babbels 1015 minute lessons are available as an app, or online. More information on babbel. Com. Bnsf railway. Supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems skollfoundation. Org. The william and flora hewlett foundation. For more than 50 years, advancing ideas and supporting institutions to promote a better world. At www. Hewlett. Org. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbhtukufu this week on history detectives, what can this curious artwork tell us about the beginnings of some of our most beloved cartoon characters . So what youre telling me is that buddy was going headtohead with mickey mouse. Elyse what stories do these faded legal pages reveal about a revolutionary war heros role in an unexpected love affair . Wes and in an encore presentation, why would an American Army captain have ended up with mussolinis dagger . Elvis costello watchin the detectives i get so angry when the teardrops start but he cant be wounded cause hes got no heart watchin the detectives its just like watchin the detectives