She was tried and burned as a witch. Thats what happened in my family history. So let me take you on a journey to learn all about which and dont think from one minute. The was a teenager when i found out about my ancestor, montgomery to clarify how over 300 years ago, in 1642, she was accused, tried tortured and ultimately burned as a witch. For years i was haunted by her story and wanted to find out what really happened. So i traveled to venting in a small town in south western germany. Its wine country, surrounded by an adult like patchwork of sloping hills and vineyards. But one of those hills is a mass grave. In the 7 th century, more than 20 people died here during the vending in which trials their names are interesting to germanys oldest monument to persecuted, which is actually the place where the witches were burned. This is the execution placed for come over here. Been up here several times with my family. We always came up to see our ancestor, montgomery to cuba. So what kind of a woman was she . And why was she choose to witchcraft . To find out i tracked down local historians, i to whom i he knows the details of every which trial in this area including that of my ancestor. If i did, i need to send a file via a screen. Indeed, since she was an interesting woman. Because a lot of clues indicate she was very clever that she had a deep sense of responsibility. Oh indeed. Stackhouse. But that this inner strength and confidence, and probably menchie overstepped her boundaries of it was meant with regard to others in the community to the tyson viewed. It sounds like she was a bit of a rebel, someone who didnt quite to the line of social norms and possibly a bit before her time. Not going to came from a well to do family and married a judge. So she belonged to the town socially lead. She was the mother of 2 small boys in the accusations against her grew life. Here in the church, she suffered a mortifying attack of dysentery in front of the entire congregation. Later her accusers said that satan had followed her into the sacred space. It was just one of many charges, including allegedly given various people, food or drink in the past, after which they become gravely ill. In the state archives in nearby copeland, the original records of the beginning in which trials are extraordinarily well preserved. And with walters help make a shocking discovery. It turns out magazine to his own mother was burned as a witch before her. In fact, the ex neighbor was the 1st person and then again to be executed for witchcraft, already in 1631. So poor monkey to already have the card stacked against her. But when did this, we turned craze. Actually begin. And why the daemon . Ology is a science has existed since the beginning of few logical thinking that make the christian n. C, a logical teaching, grappled with these questions from the start. Im booking on the already the Old Testament headed in for which is in the book of exodus which states thou shalt not suffer a witch to live. But it was thomas aquinas, of 13th century, dominican friar and theologians who had a profound impact on the tour to the view of witchcraft. He argued, the world was full of evil demons, and that witches were practitioners of malevolence or 3. According to him, women were not only particularly susceptible to demonic possession, but were lining up to make a pact even to have sex with the devil himself. He was backed up by pope john the 22nd in 1326 who declared any practice of magic to be an act of heresy. After that, the church went hole hob to warn people of this new threat. These ideas lead to the definition of a new criminal offense which cr, and laid the groundwork for the great european, which on the by the 15th century. This brand of fake news with spreading like wildfire in the form of them. A little smell in chicago, where the hammer of which is by dominican inquisitor hines, these comma, 1st published in 1486. It was essentially the manual one, how to identify, try torture and kill, which is kind of described in obsessive detail, which is make their lustful packed with the devil renounced the christian faith. The children and generally recap icon their surroundings. A book full of toxic masculine obsessions coincided with the realize that the Printing Press meaning its message could travel far and fast. Over the next 200 years, the millennial sold like hot cakes becoming 2nd only to the bible in terms of sales images. Dave form to these ideas, a seminal works like these 15th century would cuts inspired many artists like german painter and print maker. I paused due to any student hence by dont dream whose interpretations of deviant devilish women were pretty salacious stuff and continued to inspire the public imagination through the ages. Right on into the 20th century. Like here in the 1922 called horror film exxon. The oldest had a nervous early modern europe was fraught with problems. Invasion flores, of religion, new illnesses like syphilis, even a climate crisis. From the early 14th to mid 19th century, much of Northern Europe was in the grip of the big chill, known as the little ice age. But many years of crop failure, extreme weather, an economic hardship. Owing to the off to wooden hooping unto his people gone the idea that which is were responsible for all of this. But thats all that out of greed, envy and resentment they were in league with the devil. And using malevolent magic to create this, whether chaos does this list and thats all, thats what it was quite literally a perfect storm which is offered europes beleaguered populations, a simple explanation for widespread famine sickness and suffering. And thats when which once really took off the contemporary historians estimate that between 50 and 60000 people died as a result of the european witch trials. And about 80 percent of the victims were women. About half of those victims or 25000. 00 people were killed within the boundaries of present day germany, which brings us back to august. They to whose ordeal was pretty typical. For the time she was denounced and arrested, her body searched for an incriminating devils arc. They shaved off all her hair, but she refused to confess. So the Witch Commission resorted to torture a legal policy at the time. You know, that im not good for anyone who was accused was assumed to be guilty, and the person have to prove their own innocence bucket of thats the idea was that the confession was inherently, theyre just under the surface and had to be drawn out. Torture was seen as a necessary means of killing off the body to free the soul to allowed to reveal remorse that to confess, who could still go he to was strapped into the fire in an instrument designed to slowly crush the lower leg. When she still maintained her innocence, they hosted her up by her hands with a root out of her mind with pain. She was forced to denounce another woman, a common practice that led to more witch trials, and kept the brutal cycle going. After 2 days, she could stand no more and confess to being a witch, sealing her own death sentence. The trial makers revealed much more about my family and that even more relatives were victims of the which on here in the nearby town of coast alone. In this freezing dungeon, one of them was imprisoned for weeks. His family fought in vain to save him. Wait a minute to him. You heard right. And in fact, nearly one ins for victims of the european which hans was a man, a detail which often ignored. But wasnt it cunning women midwife and he lose who were most likely to be accused of witchcraft. The hip only to us, this midwife smith has incredible longevity, but church and state colluded to go after cunning women healers and midwives, and destroyed their knowledge of Birth Control into motions. Thats not true at all. So for initial assessment of got kind 5 reset and her colleagues agree that some of them is common miss, about which ones have been perpetuated by feminist interpretations where they fit perfectly into a political agenda for decades. Womens movements eager to rebel against patriarchal structures, embrace to which is a potent symbol of power, which she remains to this day in most of the western world. She is this symbol of power that is subversive. She is a symbol of women, be free and independent, getting justice. And so she is ultimately this really inspiring figure because nobody can keep her down. Oh, back in 1642. A woman like that was certainly a provocation. But neither midwives, nor red haired women were more likely to be accused of witchcraft in the end. It could happen to anyone. But back to beginning in such a seemingly peaceful little place, why were 20 which is executed in this town alone. One explanation could be that as a wind growing region, it was hit hard by the little ice age. The people here just need someone to blame for the hailstones that ruined their harvest. Or were their religious radicals at work. Who was actually on the local, which commission historians i to whom it says it was a group of local citizens, eager to better their status. A Secular Court that sees the opportunity to up in social power structures to its own advantage, and the victims, fortunes along with it. It was all about power, money, envy, and resentment as a will of family high up in the pecking order. Its no wonder my guess each it was a target whereby we can clear up yet another misconception that the Catholic Church was the driving force behind the european witch trials. Just as i smelt the notion of the catholics hunted witches and protestants were restrained, doesnt hold any water house. Indeed, after the reformation vending and was predominantly protestant. And it turns out products to communities were often farm or zealous in their persecution of witches. Then catholic ones and cop shop the in an area that converted to protestantism in 1557. 00, surrounded by the so called the wrong catholic religion. They were under enormous pressure to prove that protestantism was the better religion, as they pointed to the right religion. And that had quite an effect on the accusations hot except high on cloud and get picked. In fact, the product in countries like scotland and sweden so much higher incidence of which trails and catholic dominated ireland or portugal, italy and spain. Both predominantly catholic were comparatively safe for anyone associated with witchcraft. The machine creates one, the roman inquisition, persecuted people for sorcery, magic and superstition. For what they were merely put anyone to death. The spanish inquisition never executed, which is because very early on they concluded that witches dont even exist on the 6th about another place where which trail devastated a protest in population was in norway the tiny town. And far to saw, one of the biggest witch trials in scandinavia unimpressive monument commemorates the execution of 91 people for witchcraft back in 1621. Nearly a 3rd of the village at the time of my ancestor story came to its tragic. In the november 1642 magazine to cuba was forced to address the towns, people who had gathered to witness her execution. As god is my witness, i beg anyone whom i may have wronged my life for forgiveness. May i be an example to all and die and treat all of you to keep god before dying eyes and shield yourselves from the evil enemy. She was granted a merciful death and would be headed before her body was burned. Perhaps the most shocking of all was the feeding frenzy that ensued. According to records, 250 leaders of wine were hold up to the execution side. A treacherous ploy to ensure the whole town was completed. Now does he does, husband was handed the bill in short, which trials were lucrative, business commissioners scribes vintners, executioners all made a handsome living, perpetuating the system or by the mid 16 hundreds. Europes witchcraft mania had made its way to the new world. The most famous witch trials began in salem, massachusetts, in 1692 of nearly 200 people accused of witchcraft 19 were executed, one crushed to death, and at least 5 died in jail. So when did all these madness stop . As they counted their dead in salem witch hunting hysteria and europe began to die down, as people doubted so many could be guilty of witchcraft. The age of enlightenment gave more credence to science and reason than to superstitious belief. Food was more plentiful and the advent of insurance, many people were less prone to disaster. The last the legend which in europe was beheaded in switzerland in 1782. 00, marking the end of a dark chapter. Well, thank god, thats over. What is it the its got. So theres never been so many which on this one as we see in todays world. The words of which fund expert advice con bandanna, Whose Research is a shocker. He says more people were killed for witchcraft in the 20th century. Then in the entire 300 years of european, which on in fact, a recent global study shows that the lease in witchcraft is to widespread today. And thousands of countries are effected in the pacific on the nation of popular new guinea, the public torture and murder of a legend, which is so common that sorcery accusation related violence. For s a r v has its own acronym. Most often the victims of women and according to experts, their number is on the rise. Especially in village and tribal communities. You an estimate some 200. 00 people are killed each year until it gets super on. Well, theres a very high number of murders of a legend which is the go unreported and pop when youre getting it, couldnt you . The real quick thing that you can read every week in the times of india, in which a village which has have just been killed. Pick some, sometimes men, mostly women, and who have been ostracized outcast. These are 10, murdered by the village community, so to speak, to and it happens every week and thats can feet beautiful. In south asia, women are still blamed for crop failure, disease, or natural disasters, or frequently branded is which is for a trifle like this woman from jack con to offered medicine to a neighbor in galvin with the next it, the village elder took me captive. He made me eat, beat me for so long they thought i was dead, but i was able to escape when single them victims are often helpless in the face of mob dynamics. Single women and widows are particularly at risk as they are in africa, where the problem is ramp and then the ones the term and can if we look at recent times, then we see that in a country like tanzania alone since its independence and the early sixtys between 30 and 40000 people, mostly women have been killed for a legend, crimes of witchcraft mention residence hall. Im the most likely found guilty by some kind of village tribunal and then killed by young people to take that one. And its not just tens in the many countries, including nigeria or the democratic republic of congo are also dealing with the problem in northern gonna hundreds of older women have been banished to segregated villages or which camps. One of them is gone by the these women have been denounced for causing fires, drought and disease. Many were accused by their own families. Country land long had to flee her village after a neighbor to serve witchcraft. Shes been in gum, bog or for 10 years. My mom was badly abused. My landlord asked me to vacate the property because of the witchcraft accusation layout. I also fled to stop the brutalities. Just look at my arm, this is what they did to me. Its broken up into the frontier nigeria and human rights activist lou egret has visited gunboat for his research. For years hes been fighting the persecution of which is through i would have for eco and urgent governments to protect the victims. His goal that by 2030, which once in africa, will be a thing of the past, the victims, amending women. And let me tell you what we mean by a weaker social course or opposition. African countries walker comes as ice optimize our on that we may not treated as single classroom. And as you might be, is that youll kind of get the results in 2022 over asian women were living in dunbar and squalid conditions with no health care. They live from donations, selling firewood, or doing occasional work, concert rounding funds, illness, famine, floods or drove, brought on by climate change. Despite the cultural divide, there are striking parallels between the witch hunts in africa and those in early modern europe. Asia, your lot, even young, he describes ordeal about doing one way street mean they took it one step to shave me everywhere as part of the rituals with my private parts. And my armpits gun is government is well aware of the witchcraft, superstition, and its often federal consequences, yet has announced its intention to close all which villages which come in his life, addresses students. All they do. The students are being targeted. It in the dublin, 60 miles the at 1st to go back to communities. So the government of drama is approaching the problem wrongly and back is why i think we have not seen any significance sheets in terms of resolving the problem which basically shutting down. This is a bottle that we have to. We have to, we did for africa. We have to wait for you manage it. The new england takes inspiration from to women who did when their battle, the activists for the witches of scotland for 2 years. Clare mitchell, and so weve ended taught to campaigned for a legal pardon and apology for the 2500 people. Mostly women convicted an executed for witchcraft in scotland. Although the persecution dates back several centuries, they saw their demand as a signal for the presence that are still people across the world generally vulnerable. Often women are old people, theyre being accused of witchcraft and in some cases, being killed by more justice. And is that that are some countries that are trying to put it into their legal system where people can still be accused of witchcraft. So we dont think that its an issue. This past is still sadly very, very valid. On march 8th, 2022. There plea was heard. Scotlands been 1st minister nicholas sturgeon, acknowledge the historic injustice before parliament. On behalf of the scottish government, im choosing to acknowledge that agreed his historic injustice, and extend a formal post to miss apology to all those accused convicted, vilified, or executed under the witchcraft act of 15. 63. A signal to the rest of the world. Where at least in the west, which is in witchcraft or having something of a renaissance, new york based pam grossman is a self proclaimed which author and host of the successful which weighs podcast. While exact numbers are elusive, she, it serves the growing interest in witchcraft and paganism in recent years and puts it down to a need for alternatives. In on certain times, we see what is happening with capitalism being so ravenous and so bottomless, that it is destroying the very planet that we live on. And so which craft is a beautiful alternative to all of that . Because which craft says that we all are define no matter what our gender or background is. We all have access to in our power from Spiritual Connection to political and environmental activism. The shape shifting, which has more than proliferated in Popular Culture and online. So we just have instagram and videos with the 1st type which talk a mass of millions of use of people find strength, balance, and community in modern interpretations of the craft. At the same time, the word which continues to be used to the same strong women, the smear campaigns against Hillary Clinton prior to the 2016 us election are just one example the. And then of course, theres this guy for years, former us President Donald Trump has complained about a never ending. We charge against him. He continues to misuse the term and is always the victim spending millions and millions of dollars. Others continue, which are an appalling distortion of history. The trivializes, the plight of so many women, still suffering today. Dinning and prefers the more silver approach to its not past one that owners the victims of which ones and brings them back into the conversation. All these delving into the history of our family, which has been enlightening and emotionally exhausting. So real to retrace her footsteps and unbearably sad to think so many suffered her fate. Even more upsetting is the fact that women are still going through it, which ones are only a phenomenon of centuries ago, but rather an urgent problem that affects thousands of phone number women every day in africa, asia, and elsewhere. The deadly chain of events instigated by envy, as neighbors in magazine to criticize case is a pattern that keeps getting repeated in life and online the victims, their pain, their suffering deserves are awareness and respect. Uh, certainly a strange feeling to be here. Its a good thing that theyve been vindicated, or at least recognized historically and by the community. The so the united by a shared sense of purpose. Their bond has never been stronger. The twins, fussy, in whose son they grew up with different families. Now they want to build their future together. And to do so, they must leave their home in sierra leone. Twin Sisters United in the search for a better life. In 15 minutes on the w, flamingoes, apple. Albania is not. Is an internationally recognized nature reserve the government test on the boosting. Tours in 5 building and as pushing climbing over to get create in 90 minutes on d. W. The nose in june. Youre going to the 77 percent comfortable. I just got on 65 last last those top 5 years, 31115. Were here to help you make up your mind. We are here on please find your mind. So all of the topics im much up to you from couple talk fixed a new culture and in 15 minutes, lets say together parts of our Community Life on the research is now on the we did the urgency, life saving boxes. We give our ever seemed to reach those who need us the most. Every folks seating their futures boxes for the hope of life savings, we fearlessly deliver no, just the next day that every day, thousands of children are still waiting for that. The sponsor of books today. So together we can deliver futures, the, the business need of the news live from berlin, alex, so you know, bonnies, we do joins on empty, puts input, testing germany, you to, on of, on, i up to you as outside the Russian Embassy in berlin, c. And she intends to vote in the president ial election, standing with have thousands of other people got it to demonstrate against the russian lead up on the war against the graeme. Meanwhile, in russia, thousands more line up outside portland stations. Any sign of a position to a vote and thats extending slab dimensions, hold on power and germany shows the travels to ease are out to push for you ceased by garza
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