Transcripts For DW Tomorrow 20240702

These questions and much more this week on dw science show. Welcome to tomorrow. Today, the 2 months on top of the 70 c does like go to work at the institute for ecological Economy Research in berlin. We meet them at the Cities Museum of technology, which is home to an exhibition called the network about the history of modern communication. Analog systems have given way to digital ones. The birth of the internet drove digitalization forward at a phonetic pace, and thats impacted the environment. Can you tell me if you will, for was of toys utilization already accounts to 2 to 4 percent of global c, o. 2 emissions on about 10 percent of global electricity consumption, edited into my research group. Once kai could, i did that if the incident where a country it would rank stood worldwide and electricity demand of to china on the us. Thats because the net is much more than just a cloud of ones and zeros in effect taking that to bottom line is that behind all these digital applications behind the data streams, theyre also very concrete material. Infrastructure is data centers, cables and of course all the devices and to get a to which are growing a number by the day. Take smartphones, the majority of people have one these days and the average user buys a new phone every 3 years or so. And were in general buying more and more devices that are meant to make our lives more intelligent, like those integrated into what are called smart homes. But just how Climate Friendly are those homes actually data from fund. Thatd be great just to kind of show it in a connected home is with heating entities and maybe small control certainly can count the amount of energy use sites in english by today. And by automatically reducing the temperature in unused rooms for instance. Or if the heating unit communicates with the windows. But even so, overall, smart homes are still under performing when it comes to saving energy until beams and fly in the one major problem is the launch number of additional pack just devices that on designs to save energy like surveillance cameras or smart tvs and speakers. And this stuff, and once you add them to the equation, the impact is no longer positive and independence measurement for the teeth. But most of the main problem with over clipping with digital devices is that a piece of hardware is ecological footprint, is mostly dictated by its production rather than its use of positive, more conscious consumption, what health we should try to buy fewer devices, use them for longer and pay more attention to whether they were designed with recycling in mind. But few of us do guns fish dish on to make devices most sustainable. Its crucial to use them la, and that means them having to be built to be more robust, more above all, with the modular unrepairable design. Some companies have to both offer Software Updates and provide spare parts over the long term tyler titan. Some Campaign Groups have called for a statutory right to repair an issue. The European Union is looking into despite drawbacks and criticism. Some applications really are helping us to live more sustainable like mobility. Yeah. Thats that helps you get from a to be in a Climate Friendly way for those that enable you to trade items or buy used products instead of always purchasing new ones. Streaming videos for hours on end however, is problem matic. An estimated 3 and a half 1000000000 people now regularly watch videos online. Thats almost half of the worlds population. Streaming streaming already accounting, so 60 to 70 percent of the global data yvon, you can transfer williams hours. One way to make streaming a bit more sustainable is to turn down the resolution, especially on smaller display fewer effects of means less power consumed and the data centers that drives a net worth world. If im off for duke Energy Consumption for things like Cloud Computing data center, the Network Infrastructure is all rising rapidly in the front put region. For example, the Cities International apple is no longer the top consumer of energy up to date to send us off the 10th and according to estimates they are now responsible for around 20 percent of the cities. Total power consumption. To mine, missing the data Centers Budget need to become truly climate neutral. So sourcing electricity from Renewable Energy sources. Im not just selling indulgence has to compensate it is yeah. And brush up last time plus funded son needed to ensure more tapping of waste heat from data center. So you know, its good surfers warm up as they work and have to be cold. But the resulting waste heat could itself be used according to the association of the internet industry by 2030. The waste heat from all of frankfurt data centers would be enough to in series heat the entire city. But in practice, its potential has barely been tapped. So far the infrastructure is usually lacking, but there are a pilot projects in the works and the future waste heat from one of the citys Largest Data Centers will be siphoned off the heat. A new housing developments. Now thats a really smart use of digitalization. Another smart idea is heating with water for millennia. People have used the power of moving water to grind green and youre a gate fields. Nowadays, we also generate electricity with hydro power plants and one river in central germany is now being harnessed directly to heat homes. The wide else, the river, and the german state of julian has energy, good law hidden in its waters and not just the kind thats able to keep the wheels of this meal running. Engineer ingle miller has installed a heat exchanger and the channel running through the mill. The river water is used to warm up a mixture of brian and water flowing through the pipes to provide heating. Does the brine water mix part of the heat that flows through these types of sometimes minus 2 degrees when it arrives . As it moves through the Heat Exchangers warmed up to one degree, i included that temperature difference enables us to produce up to 60 degrees in this cause a quarter till like in geothermal heating. The brian with a mixture thats been bone by the rid of water is vaporized, then transported in case useful to a high efficiency heat pump, is this guys flies to squeeze this vapor, and this generate t t like with a bicycle air pump. So at the front, it warms up when you pump, it looks well for the system to look the reasonable to con, dry up on the white, l sta on up stream down guarantees, a minimum flow even in dry summers. The device now installed in the river hates the mill and the accompanying house. Oh no, ill put you down to isnt worried about his neck stating bill it is my house is really cozy. Now, if i were to heat with oil or gas, the causes would be astronomical for me. I couldnt afford it. Condition is beside currently, almost everyone in this community hates with fossil fuels, but thats set to change, move or the Heat Exchangers, already being planned. So municipal buildings is thats where you put it right here, which is a really suitable spot like this. The goal is for the river to one day, provide Renewable Energy for the entire town. And because most of the homeowners here on tuesday, i stick about the idea of the coughing. We buy grain, the hydrogen, and canada, and ship it over the ocean. We have everything we need right here and stop us with paul. Is hating with river water, a sound sustainable alternative. We ask an independent energy expert, a sort of business portrait that has some potential though it has the geographical limit as you need, rivers and lakes and consumers close to those rivers and lakes. But we need to use every available option of these, like you to look at this. So not really a game changer, maybe not put in a town 40 kilometers down stream. The technology is being applied on a larger scale, some 1200 apartments here, it will soon be heated with river water. The setup is different. The concept behind the system remains the same emission, the muscle is device and its the we want to take water from the river and pump pitch to the power plant that will collect it so that we have a continuous water supply and the power plant will she goes through the heat pump and it can be used for heating heights looks okay. The pump from the river to the power plant will be 250 meters long. The district hating 5 to the 1st, each of the house will stretch another 300 meters flush this and just let us know the connected piping network. We can then supply many different residential units and bundle them all together and its been doing buttons and that that process is designed to minimize interference in the river. How they chopped the waters return to the river after bonuses extracted by the heat pump. There are no chemicals added and no impact on existing waterway infrastructure. In theory, that makes the Heating Technology an option in conservation unplug protected areas to. But does it make economic sense . Divide the mind vickers, a greater distance from the water, means higher engineering cause, but more customers also sign up and its definitely worth developing the river lights. Estes, it will supply 650 house phones alone. And this Housing Cooperative built in the 19 sixtys the 1st pipes have already been laid to connect the homes to the future with the water heating plant. This is the, lets, this is the last remaining gap from our 1st phase of construction, district eating pipes of already being late and the whole. So it will then arrive here from the plant and be distributed through the piles of full tire pointed rooms like this. Still use gas bonus, but theyll simbie equipped with smart connection stations for calculating data and hating needs for individual households. Or do you guys have time id some of the central guessing systems were installed in the mid 19 ninetys office. And so it was clear that we needed to think about a new medium term solution, but then given the size of a cooperative, a solution for the entire district was of course, the most effective use. The engineers are also thinking ahead in the future, they want to integrate waste heat into the system and to the is to bring more and more renewables into the heat map. So the system we want to implement next is a good one. We have a sewage plan, the next to the rivers and sewage plants generate warm from the waste heat that accumulates the end of this. We can use it for heating and by feeding it into the network via the heat policy. What do you mean . Im gonna pull the dentist inside sits. Im surprised. On one moment its removed from of a heated rivers. They cooled down slightly. So in an era of Climate Change, the plants and animals that live in them could also benefit read why . Want to learn more about technologies that could be used to protect the environment or do you have a science question of your own then send it in as a video text or voice mail. If we answer you on here, well send you a little surprise as the thank you. This weeks question comes from our been in panama, warsaw condensation trails. The con trails are also official clouts that form from exhaust admission by jets. They appear as long streaks in the sky when at play and sliced to set an altitude. The perfect control forming zone is around 10 kilometers is up in the lowest layer of the atmosphere. Right most via comprises 5 layers ingle. The lowest is the troposphere, which stretches 7 total matches up at the pulse, and 1712. 00 inches above the tropics. The temperature drops by about 6 degrees celsius, every kilometer of altitude, not the upper edge of the troposphere. It can get as cold as minus 60 degrees. Ideal conditions for con trails to form. With an across fence fuel, it admits Carbon Dioxide and tiny particles of other compounds. But what so large quantities of force of 8 the h to a these motion molecule is attached to the particles and to meet at a freeze in the cold to form ice crystals. The humidity is also very high in the area. The condensation trails form hes in foster and remain visible for longer. The composition of con trails is very similar to that of natural cirrus clouds. Those have made up device crystals and on to favorable conditions they can just keep on growing. And some situations they can create streaks of clouds that have several comb, inches wide, cool, and con, Trail Service cloud. Steve can temporarily cover up to 10 percent of the sky as a region since the heavy Traffic Research teams from various space agencies have spent is studying the effects of con trails on the climate. On the one hand clouds cool the surface by reflecting some of the suns rays, but at the same time they prevent teach absorbed by the surface from radiation back into space. The Research Indicates the 2nd defect is stronger. So con trails also saw the heat pump. The atmosphere, the over half the worlds population now lives in cities by 2050. That proportion could be as high as 80 percent. But in climate terms, most cities get poor marks. Theres precious little greenery on their crowded streets, which are packed with cars, exhaust fumes from vehicles together with air conditioners and heating units pollute the air, and cities have an insatiable hunger for energy. Could Digital Technologies make city smarter and in the process more Energy Efficient . There are many places around the world seeking to become smart cities. Digital innovations could help make energy supply, transport and administration more efficient and cities as a whole, more livable thought doesnt automatically mean theyd be more climate friend. Like a study looking at the danish capital, copenhagen reveals that most smart city innovations bring negligible benefits. One technology, however, clearly makes environmental sense. Smart grids, Climate Friendly power, infrastructures that will have to cope with many future challenges. What are the biggest, is that solar and wind energy are subject to natural fluctuations . Were missing these are nadine. We have to be able to manage these energy, use it in a that means using these energy, which we generate a different time when theyre available in dawson and reducing consumption when theyre not available in these. And again, its perfect, but this is where digitalization can really come into its own. But how exactly the smart grid allowed has, and the germantown of load on mark is looking at the issue and go yet, dont mean heads up. The project in, in the Energy Network of the future will feature many new components of the company and the electron mobility will be involved along with heat pumps. So well have to integrate, imagine you consumers into the great Battery Storage thats grown increasingly important to us. Please think to make Energy Available around the clock and as the ways we generate power change with more and more sources feeding into the grid. These centralized systems need intelligent control, especially when energy is tight. This problem is, yeah, its been, thats always a targeted problem. Now, when we have the bitterly cold days like nice in the winter invoice and know is that heat pumps will be running an Old Buildings for all just the entire street. Also including electric cars, wants to charge every single tenuously that is put, then theyll be problems with the grades this course because the amount of electricity that has to be provided is too high for them to manage their reduction. It, it does into the good internet. So in the future, small grids could make sure that the cause, the roll charged sometime during the night. And you start with that now when the electricity is available for them from the state, them just all the top to achieve goals like this, local network stations and substations will have to become smarter. For example, by using Digital Technology to measure and evaluate voltage data does is updates the mcdonough, itd be a modern kind of local grid station be busy, but, and we needed if we want to see an Energy Transition and a truly Sustainable Future Energy Supplies on the path to a sustainable society, digitalization poses some major challenges, but it can help us reach goals if we use it wisely and dont expect it to solve every problem. Todays city escapes have been made possible by an incredibly versatile material concrete. Back in the ancient world, the romans used it to create majestic works of architecture. Now our reinforce structure stretch high into the sky, but concrete is contributing to Climate Change because its production. But lease has lots of Carbon Dioxide kind of a new technique involving ultrasound help reduce its impact to expose it. This is a bar tray in the eastern german city of compass developing a special process to produce concrete and a Climate Friendly fashion. Yeah, but we bombard concrete with ultrasound, ultrasound, sounds like a weird idea. But one that is develop a site will help cut 30 percent of c o 2 emissions in concrete production. Heres how it works. Concrete is made of sand, gravel and water bound together by cement. Cement is very bad for the climate. Thats because a Chemical Reaction occurs during cement production to create lots of Carbon Dioxide according to the World Wide Fund for nature. So manufacturers globally release around 3000000000. 00 metric tons of the Greenhouse Gas every year. Thats a whopping 8 percent of all human cost emissions with the stake a set to rise. But the, the file house, university environment, christiane of us, the former Doctoral Students like how do ramos develop the process that allows them to reduce how much demand goes into concrete without affecting the Building Material strengths. The trick is to treat the mixture of cement and malta with ultra sound sheesh. The that is and this is a High Performance ultrasound machine, similar to the device. Some people use at home to clean their glasses and just in a 1000 times more powerful. As i say, so we generate the alter sounds here and via various stages. Its channel directly into our cement water mixture, field or sound waves, creating microscopic bubbles of water vapor in the mix. When they 1st in a series of minutes of explosions and generate extreme temperatures and precious on these wounds, literally is high pressures and temperatures end up accelerating the crystal forming reaction into samantha sugars. Thats really the more crystals that form the better the cement is. Finding the ultrasound effect is visible under an electron microscope. The ultrasound sample to the left contains a wealth of small crystals on the conventional sample on the right. Only a few launch crystal cell phone. The materials researches use the resulting cement wouldnt mixture to produce the concrete. Thats what it was to be mixed together. Well, it ends up with a consistency similar to normal concrete. The process is long since moved from theory into practice. Its inventors found that a staunch up and have a quick sign to raise to produce pre cast concrete elements using that method and encompass the 1st building to incorporate. Ultrasound concrete is already being built. The construction of this high speed train maintenance, whole requires 30 percent less than meant to demonstrate the quality of the concrete. Whats the sense of a strength test assemblies pulled into a standard q mode to drive a 24 hours a q at the same dimensions made of conventional concrete is also called the next day the assemblies clumped into the testing machine, which applies increasing pressure until the cube the crux 1st step, the conventional concrete a 1095 killer newtons. That corresponds to a load of a 100. 00 tons. Less than columbus in the concrete q made with Ultrasound Technology and 30 percent less cement the chapters of a 1072. 00. Can a newtons of course taking standard deviations into account. Thats practically the same menu. Only a 2 percent measured difference in strengths of good results for the developers and theyre already thinking about how to improve the method doesnt look we might be able to get that out there and making some and saving and 50 percent to support send and but right now were happy with that user. 40 percent of the sports and f bomb is from some of the innovation from caught. Bush could benefit not only the climate but the Construction Industry as a whole. Thats because the new ultra sound method also saves more in so many bills then it costs to implement by the way, were launching a new tick tock channel. And well take that the we on to your questions and clips that are fun, accurate into the points. But also based on the latest reset, one to discover even more from the world of science than follow us that dw science thats all for this week on tomorrow today to science show on dw, thanks for joining us and see you again next time. Bye for now, the, [000 00 00;00] the survivors of an en, thinkable scandal. As babies born out of wedlock, they were ripped away from their mothers by the Catholic Church and ireland. Many of them grew up in her wrist at conditions. And a 100 stein and Catholic Homes from neglect island stolen babies. The kid turkey is changing. 6 years ago. We said it con, continue was, but it does guardians of truth. This time, excel gen, this turned into our meets the voices of the 3 turkey alter as the ad one had to flee into exile too. I knew the police would search my house. Courageous people are trying to stem the turkish governments all sort. Tammy calls us. So kids, but really its a crime is addressed and the path of trying to takes responsibility for his action. What about freedom of the press and freedom of expression . What about parliamentary democracy . To the situation is very serious. Cutting as right as not only weapon is op and guardians of truth tasks. October 28th on dw, the this is dw news lives from the land. One of the hostages, released by cloud loss, talks about how to deal with that lift. Shits describes how she was bundled onto the back of the know to blake mike. Some of the sites has taken him to a network of gauze. The tunnels which looked like a spiders web. Also coming up on the program dw visits a company that was over run by hamas militants on october. 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