Welcome to the show. The great thing is being placed in these tiny fluwens. Could they eventually produce new climate resistant varieties of potato . Eustace boom is one of germanys biggest potato grow its work done in his greenhouse plays a big role in decisions about which spreads make it onto the nations. Plates 1st then determines what properties in the variety should have, such as heats 100 minutes or a long shelf life. Then to glance across, put a nice in the flowers of the mother plant, whos putting in the father and put into hundreds of thousands of ceilings to choose new varieties, like the lesser or youre a visa, a decades can go by. Thats due to the many selections, steps, and characteristics that are protect. It needs to of good places to cut off. There are lots of considerations. The potato i buy and the supermarket should look fancy. It should be uniform. You should have nice skin thinks its your taste good, and there are other complex issues as well in the complexity. So we basically need to reinvent the potato and a specific formally f in listen. The types of plans have lots of entities, pest pathogens and most importantly, the Climate Crisis could have situation soon arise light to sauces that it could in the mid 19th century. But then especially an island blank sled to crop failures and famines driving integration. One reason why potatoes, what road in monona coaches and domestic diversity was low is still an issue today. A visit to the company, cut off and home and in the town, if its in here, potatoes associated washed, unpackaged supermarkets throughout gemini, the long strong summit of potato farm is hauled in 2022. The harvest volume in the country filed by over 5 percent due to the climate, even though the overall acreage has increased. When ground water levels pro invocation becomes a necessity and its expensive. So far, breeders have mostly succeeded in creating varieties that can come with less rain full, but the environment is changing rapidly. As an example games and not to lose dr. And came back a huge problem in the current Climate Crisis. Both the high temperatures and the water shortage is called 1000 when temperatures rise above 40 degrees stocks collapse. And because we need to develop varieties that can handle that kind of heat and are also drought tolerant. Mason thought those potatoes also have to be able to endure heavy rain or the occasional thunderstorm to cook new genes safe to potato. This is the i p k likes minutes, is that you think god is labeled here. I would hope to find just manually the nato visit samples from a 2000 potato varieties frozen and liquid nitrogen minus 196 degrees celsius. The genetic material comes from view ripple south america. It gives me potatoes tend to skins, or the live is high yields, the french fries and potato chips. And the cro time. Also still genes that make potatoes moved around resistant disclose to put inside of the Great Potential in cryo preservation is that you can store this enormous diversity with all its resistance tolerance and diversity in one place, compactly in a container. And if needed, make it available to breed is, and scientists, or even private individuals who thoughts as one so for fuel day and kind of before freezing the plants that propagated in test tooth money with in august has developed a global strategy to preserve potato diversity. Shes working on behalf of the crop track, an international organization, seeking to preserve the adversity. To do this novel travel to south america, to the texas unsuccessful, hey patel. You guys have been cultivated in the previous and these, the 8000 is even today through has the greatest potato diversity in the world. Red ones, blue ones, some with very different taste. These are fee for how many here we just dont have that much diversity here in europe and thats fine. The 1st potatoes came to europe and 1562, and from then on potatoes were bred from that gene to hue 5 is, which means this enormous diversity state in the n d. So thats why these great treasure of genetic diversity is which we can maybe use to make potatoes resistant to diseases, pests drought, and heat stress as close as pencils. Im on. Its not just the genes of breezy and cultivated potatoes, while south american species are also being served for the future. Will that mean a reach even nation of the to the potato janes can be frozen in the cry or bank for over a 100 years. But the potato, this moment, easy candidates, a breed. The plant is whats called a tetra floyd. It has full sets of chromosomes, not just to like humans, whether design traits and much from cross breeding is therefore much more a matter of luck. The potatoes complex t name wasnt even decoded until 2020 to the genes in the car event. Our treasure troy for breed is cool, but the cryo bank simply offers the chance to conserve varieties and very specific genetics over the very long term. Because today we dont necessarily know whether theres resistance at one plant or another that might be needed 50 years down the road. So here we can preserve the full genetic diversity of talking about the development of new varieties. Could be accelerated by a methods like chris, a kind of genetics visits that could be used to specific agents, the resistance beings from peruvian, cultivated on what potatoes into the varieties that could allow individual genes. The heat resistance, for example, to be combined or easily with light resistance genes, the innovation within the field time greenhouse, becoming increasingly important in the coming Climate Crisis. Se would ensure that all stays with 2 of us will continue to land on the plate well into the future. The great thing about the types of farming is that its Climate Friendly. The crop has a low carbon footprint, much lower than, right . So for example, the trouble begins when potatoes off processed se, into fries. This consumes a lot of 10, jason, a special comment intensive. Its time we started paying more attention to the environmental impacts of what we what we eat directly, impacts global warming. Global Food Production is responsible for 15 to 30 percent of all c o 2 emissions. Experts dont completely agree on the number just yet. Even at 15 percent, thats a higher number than the emissions caused by all transport worldwide. This creates an immense strain on the climate in every food has a different climate footprint which changes, depending on how its grown, produced, packaged and transported. This footprint is calculated a so called c o 2 equivalence intended to standardize how different Greenhouse Gases effect the climate. In addition to c, o 2, there are other Greenhouse Gases and their impact varies greatly. When a greenhouse, as heat at the warehouse is cooled for a food product is transported, this causes c o 2 emissions when cal is digest food, they produce me say, or c h 4, which has been released into the environment as a Greenhouse Gas. Me saying is 28. 00 times more powerful than c o 2. And there are over a 1000000000 cows worldwide. When fertilizer and the new or used in the soil, tiger culture produces a 3rd problematic gas, nitrous oxide, or n 20, which leaks into the atmosphere. Nitrous oxide is 12 times worse for the climate than me thing, and 300 times worse than c o 2. When combined, all these Greenhouse Gas emissions are called c o. 2 equivalents, abbreviated as c o 2 e industrial meet production is bad for the climate, and thats driving demand for alternative plant based sources of protein. For example, the june such as chick peas. These can also cope well with Climate Change because its a crop that doesnt need much water. But farmers in germany are still working out how to ensure conditions are just right for check p cultivation. These farm is preparing check the seats, the sewing since the palms is not native to Central European soils, the menu only adding specific bacteria that help pick caption nitrogen and reduce the need for fuss and lies in the process. The form is who if simple measure will allow them to grow most sustainable protein rich plants from the lagoon family by the 20th must be a couple of them with crops like broad beams or peasy which are native here. The bacteria are already present in my soil. But with soy beans and shouldnt be the bacterial strain, isnt there yet to see that between them is like you stand out in the pump wild to being able to produce that and fuss, eliza with the 8 of those special bacteria. Thats why in europe corrupt slight keys and beans, voluminous favorites with farmers because growing them actively improve soil quality. Rather than depleting, it says nutrients. So the chip piece of ground without also official fertilizes. And if all goes well, the farm is can also do without also official irrigation. The check palm to volt and dry, middle east and climates and can get by with little rain full because the ones the off we tried to plant them around 2 and a half centimeters deep and boy started to get the germination process going. But the advantage of this legume is that it loves dry soil, is at 12 and leavings. Check pay, so not good. And also in here in germany, but that could change in the future. Juiciest human and geez, Climate Change, which is causing hasa and dryer. Whether theres an email, if thats the legal main ocean the via were looking for the jims that we can easily market and ones that are more acute and dropped resistant then broad beans or keys. Thats why we decided on the chick page wasnt good. Its got a lot of uses and its nutritious, so they have these and it looks is the lowest quote. The next top list is already sprouting. Well, to, to load the surface, we can already see the 1st routing. Multi, its cycling is a crop scientist. What does it mean that wasnt light, so we want to find out if legumes can help make on agriculture more sustainable and adaptable to Climate Change. And we also want to see whether or not they can make it to affects less extreme bias was a sort of climate protection if you, well, thats chemo schwartz. In fact, thanks to the bacteria on that root nodules, chick fees, and all the games contribute so much nitrogen to the foil that even the next pond squared on that field benefit. That means future corrupts could meet little to know also official. First, eliza legumes, the only grow known about 2 percent of german crop land in recent decades. Cone grain and rate seed has become so widespread that many lagoons are imported soybeans. In particular, thats little mind visual nesbit shopping. Id love to see us. So establish that like use are farmed on 10 percent of the airable land here, and it does all the if its economically viable for the farmers. And theres a market for and upsets mexico and rolanda. For example. The themes are grown on a large scale because theyre a staple for thats used in many dishes there and making soil for them easy to find. But marketing is still proving a challenge for ben, how to fund them of it. Hes still trying to sell the organic chip piece from his 1st 3 years of farming, including the thing thats like its, its not easy to sell this stuff right now. The price still isnt quite what we need it to be to break even though we know that its pioneering work. Yeah, but thats just me. Ill, im an eviction. A is also something of a pioneer. A few years ago, she found it and checked piece next company in leipzig. She says shes glad to have found the Climate Friendly business model. Mission the all thats came of under Climate Change of the lease, me feeling helpless. Go all the way over here is oh for the everything is going to be when you rarely get any specific ideas, the solution of a problem. And then also concrete. And sometimes i wanted to have my phone something with my business or i feel confident that im on the right. Oh okay. This is on promotion. A group of times that has the potential to come to that to Climate Change of us pulled himself happened to my lender and doing so. The next batch of crunchy Climate Friendly chick peas is on its way to a big german supermarket chain. If demand keeps increasing, it will in turn, help pharma sustainably transform left field. If youve never tried them, that delicious and us, we just found out chicopee cultivation requires very little irrigation. Thats a major bonus because worldwide agriculture accounts the 2 thirds of all fresh will to use. And in some places, drinking was it is in short supply, including in uruguay, which is currently going through its west drowsing over a 100 years or in southern europe, which is seeing record high temperatures. Also scarcity there and other places is a growing threat. Even the swiss of starting to protect that will sure sofas bases of Water Reservoir in the village. When ground war 2 begins to ren no, it fills up again. And thats what so is that an olive a shilling to see research in grandma to this . Been a shortage of it in this region for decades . Aquifers like these could help replenish supply, enjoy areas. This is a daughter who so we definitely need to anticipate the bottom that were already dealing with those now its, its very today occurred during the hot or summer months. Its simple. It happens where ground water is not readily available, but its slowly growing more scarce. Switzerland in general, has enough ground water because its regularly replenished by snow and rain. When it runs low risk of water can make up the show for us. This is really does in x to make it fit for use middle water. It is this pump into a settling basin player. Its passed to gravel sofas from this, it drains into whats called a recharged base and then subsequently seeps through filtering sand into the ground water in the future to mount the ground water will rise, especially during dry up here we have in the notes there are of course conflicting interest just sitting plus is around water is used for many purposes as drinking water, for example, some in dial with the loan, but Climate Change will become more of an issue along with crop irrigation. The, especially when it comes to vegetable products, which are water intensive, this is more ground water needs to be available, make the invest if theyve been coughing for the civic switch scenarios reveal that us Climate Change progresses, demand for which is the rise by as much as the food, especially in agriculture, but the example in spanish shows that even with all the official ways to, to pick up supplies of special to a no n. V. As in the, the limiting factor is the rental from the b is itself also during the dry summer months and some parts of the river need transpose 2 cubic meters to 2nd, to be full of to cool, and then its also. So of course that limits how much can be pumped hours between the fish and the river also need water, but to us to be factored into future water supply models. The snow for a completely different topic. Food is about so much more than just getting to the truth. See me. They cannot say they still nude, but delicious isnt always good for us. Its all about getting the science right. The fresh, crusty bread rolls. We wanted to know what makes it a good role, and so are any of them actually housing. We spoke to 3 food chemistry experts to get their opinion on the matter and visited baker, heidi slots on to see how she works. Our magic. Shes going to show us how to make bread rolls at home. Were trying to recipes, classic roles made from wheat flour, and as an alternative ones made with spelt and dried bose look good, but is spelt and dry roll healthier than a classic one made with white flour. What are the experts sick . You comp, say, roles made with wheat flour, spell sharaya or them magically healthy or unhealthy . You know, dont concern doesnt. The type of flour is more a matter of taste unless you have a specific food intolerance, friday float months, burst secret from making excellent roles is whats known as a free furnace, which is a portion of dough thats made in advance. Water, salt and yeast are mixed with flour, a default, and then for tags that we need to present to give the time to grow and to see if it allows us to use the high standing and then the choose all night. We test the big advantage that we dont have to add so much ease the next day that improves the aroma and makes the roles more digestible sky bunch of data by the end portion of the east works overnight. Its enzymes breakdown the starch and the flower sugar, alcohol, assets, and c o 2 are released in the process that creates flavor. But this whole process takes time. It continues the next day when more flour and water are added along with milk and honey, which also boost flavor while needing heidi should not mind as a mixture of seeds to this felt and dried o including sunflower. Since this gives the dough a more crunchy texture, during meeting the mixture cant be allowed to get to warm. The ideal temperature is 24 to 26 degrees celsius. The window test is important. Gets higher, the Seasonal Police shows that the structure has been needed really well. Its nice and smooth the last day, which will put use of lucky rolls later on to box after needing the tow needs to arrest again. Now with added ingredients, it continues to rise. But in pollution, the way the rolls are prepared is crucial. The flour doesnt give them too much flavor, the moist flavored during segmentation and the salt is also important to develop a good overall flavor under roma event. Im sure not a whole mountain construct signed book always visit catalina shell from the Karlsruhe Institute of technology has studied the properties of various bread recipes. Its not so much the type of grain that determines how healthy a role is. Wheaton, spelled, for example, are closely related. What makes their own more healthy because when whole meal flour is used, whole meal flour contains the grains nutrient rich husk gets germ, which contains fat and its endo sparks. White flour on the other hand is made only from the endo spar, which consists largely of starch and gluten infliction common. Its always true. The whole nail rolls healthy and rolls made of white flour by some. Yeah, thats just because of whats in whole meal flour for, for me, it contains minerals, movies, maintenance and also mill fiber which are very important for a healthy diet. Didnt feel any concern to any of them just except a white roll also causes your blood sugar to rise more quickly and fall more sharply afterwards. With whole meal flour, the fiber ensures that you feel full for longer and the curve falls more slowly. After about an hour of resting the doe, heidi should not then forms the roles, dragging them across the table, firms up the surface. This helps the buttons keep their shape later. The dough has been left to mature for another hour. Its melvin a total of 20 hours since the process was started. Or even many large bakeries are starting to allow longer for the dough to rise. This makes the bread more easily digestible. Researchers have also found that it stays fresh for longer and the minerals in the role are more easily absorbed. And these can break down sugar molecules and the flower more effectively. These include so called font maps, which are sugars that can trigger food intolerances. Since im a 5th is doesnt what we found that if you take it relatively quickly, like every concrete book tells you today, lets take maybe they say, let the doe rice to half an hour, then bake it, then all of fuck them up. So still in the even after an hour of rising time, all 5 maps are still present in the dough. But after 2 and a half hours, its just over 30 percent. At after 4 and a half hours of rising, almost all 5 maps have been broken down. Only 10 percent remain. Normally the sugar molecules are digested in the small intestine, but in people within tolerances, fod maps are not properly digested here and entered the large intestine. Instead they are, they are broken down by intestinal bacteria. This process produces gases among other things which can lead to flatulence, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. People with a certain form of security, both all syndrome are particularly affected. So for a role to be more digestible, it needs to have more time to rest. Ask your baker if you want to know more details. Our rolls are finally ready for the cutting them down. The middle insures they split open in a controlled manner during vacant for the vacant process itself. Its important to add water. As it evaporates, the vapor settles on the surface of the doe, keeping it elastic. This later creates a good, crossed an extra step in the process, but definitely worth while. The, its the moment of truth. The roles are now fresh out of the of the heidi float. Mine has invited friends to her bakery to try them out there, especially keen on this felt and roy recipe. Sure nice and Christy Schmidt and then also takes the seats that are rented kind of house, you know, in the engine. Its good school, kinda sort of feeds the stuff with a little practice. Anyone can make their own delicious and healthy bread rolls at home. Thats it for this wave on tomorrow to day dw science show. Thanks for watching and see you again next time the the, the on the trail of a nazi highest v, as of jewish families, whose prophecy was expropriated all searching for then last saw what happened to the property that was stolen from jews 80 years ago. Researches from germany also posting the defendants in the search the not the us highest coming on dw, in good shape flipping through the world of drugs, are addicted to the rice. With trends on the drugs seem becoming more and more extreme. What should we look out for and soft drugs and how can a harder substances be medically the other to the future . Not so fast. Food is niga is back. Who will end up on top, remains to be seen. So get ready to catch fever every week. Dw on picks all we in fact, every day, the World Wide Web feel free to leave the timeline because we can take the different c, w call in the world, unpack also on your info and all the input your w story. Now on to the door, 6 oclock, my child is screening. Dont take mommy to my son, your mommys not coming back. Over february 2020 Russian Troops invaded the ukrainian city of the computer and it was recaptured. 6 months later the occupation was hard. How can life go on after all the terror . Not everyone can do with the fear we felt every day. When russia comes start to august 25th on dw, the these, these dw can using days around top stories. A russian and strike has killed at least 7 people in nova and ukraine. Among the day. It is a 6 year old child. The strike injured thousands of others in the center of chimney hits. The theater and university were also, hes the you, when has called it a highness attack, thousands of people have been evacuated from the high and
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