Of the global population walks in the Agricultural Sector here in africa it is over half the population that is why we decided to make a special edition that hes all about. Well find out home in south africa should farming next fall. And how food is grown with hydroponics in nigeria. And finally why farming doesnt have to mean deforestation. We start the show in south africa anyone whos ever been there will have noticed the thousands of kilometers of fencing but caught of course the island usually designed to contain the cuttle fences have a devastating effect on the environment they are not only a deadly trial for the wildlife they also prevent the lifestyle from moving around pretty which leaves all the grazing and nondegree addiction some hadas on the boss in this trend and they are spearheading an ecological revolution. When herders lead their livestock onto the great plains of the car roof in Central South Africa the animals on allowed to linger. To protect the vegetation for grazing they have to be kept on the move as a result they can only eat the tips of the plants. Head chef addicts nothing cooper has years of experience and of seeing how the landscape has changed since hes been grazing his animals here that has made it sound. Pitches in the past growth was not that much but now since we have put it you see prices were heading we find that no these are people now changing or grazing that is. The herders are part of the shepherding but biodiversity project it supports commercial marched. Keeping while boosting Land Restoration on this 24000 hectare farm. Was once much greener and home to millions of antelope and buffalo. Hooves loosen the topsoil while the droppings fertilized it. In a bid to recreate the Great Migrations of the past the project employs shepherds to lead livestock over the plains to. The project leader hes confident that herders can help revive the whole region for them. As we fundamentally believe that this method of farming give space for wildlife to coexist with production i could call tree so thats really the simple vision is to find a mechanism by which we can. Foster bio diversity on production farms. The thousands of kilometers of fences needed for intensive livestock our culture one of the main reasons why wildlife has disappeared. Fences prevent the animals from roaming free as they search for grazing land and water. They often end up tangled in barbed wire. In order to study the effects of the fenceless farming method on the environment ecologist so monitoring the project. Over the past 2 years head researcher Janine Mcmanus and a group of students have recorded the number of plant species in selected study sites in that. In addition the group evaluates the earth vegetation index the index is determined by the amount of green seen on the ground by satellites and allows researchers to compare plan growth in different regions over time. You can really start picking up changes in trains with the way the hood has been grazing especially over a longer recent period in parts of the farm and the green index shows up quite pronounced and we compared it to traditional farms where it isnt quite as pronounced and they seems to be quite a significant color its just looking at the pixels alone you know and taking the green out of pixelization but from that you can really start seeing a difference there are many positive signs. Areas that have been grazed by the herds are now seeing thicker plant growth. Slowly while the animals are returning to the farm more than 500 antelope have been counted and even a leopard was recently sighted. A major success for dixon in cuba especially since south africa is still recovering from one of the worst droughts in recorded history. Which in this process continues for the rest of the line with us so that they will come to any damage to the land and to so that even the neighbors in other countries can be more inspired about what it is seeing his take on. The project could inspire neighboring farmers many of them saw their london grade and lost livestock due to the severe drought for the shepherds however this years lambing season turned out to be very successful adding another 800. 00 sheep to the herd slowly but surely the project is turning profitable. And now we go to germany whether ugly culture sector also plays an Important Role in the economy not surprisingly production there is becoming more and more more dead on tight tech no can grow bored and drones above the fields are part of daily life but now a new intervention could be added a robot in the field tell us more. Its a prototype sandra but he could make life far easier for the farmers in the future the idea is to farm using fewer people and vast sea of all resources envy and it may just be the kids to help feed our growing population lets have a look. Here in this field a prototype is being tested the hope is that this technology will be able to combat weans and improve harvests. I meet a robot that works for organic farmer trying to customs. Which grab a 5th of life become a visionary in this operation because im trying to foresee the problems well have in a decade and im doing my best to solve them for. The farmers already having problems finding enough employees to work his fields bonnie rob could solve this labor shortage by recognizing weeds and destroying them without relying on chemicals but the robot is still at the learning stage the farmer has brought in to help the couples who are forced or if. You can imagine drawing a picture with a green marker and a red marker and them which elam thats a carrot and those are weeds and later we have pictures without anything and we tell the robot to find out where would you use the color red or gray doesnt and this is what you see in the end it examines all the images and says youre away it was. Artificial intelligence for farming. Nowadays farmers also have to be engineers and Software Experts able to hook up heavy duty Farm Machinery to networks those networks collect and analyze data so farmers can pop to my eyes the use of seeds and fertilizer its providing a new line of business for Agricultural Machinery engineers. Here for listening and someday well have to feed line or 10000000000 people and that wont be possible with curry eels we have to become more efficient and we have to use our resources more wisely. Research and practice are closely interlinked fuel efficiency tests for example are being conducted at the farm worker anchor himself learned his trade. This is the this is the route i have to. Programmed. The track to follows that route theres no need to steer satellite maps help the machinery stay exactly on calls but it also makes it possible to track and influence every move and spot every mistake Digital Technology is very useful for looking after livestock to helping to boost profits feeding has long been automated panko says farmer should still visit their animals at least once a day. We hope. We currently have 2000 ok so feeding them by hand is inconceivable its good to have ali automated feeding. Full of the marshes one food. Back at the carrot field the vegetable crop is being separated from the weeds by hand at least its environmentally friendly the vehicle is powered by solar panels but its difficult to find workers willing to pull up weeds for 8 hours when will this work be automated. We know that in the long term we work have these workers anymore so we need the technology to help keep the weeds on our fields in check them our current growth to grow that theres a big demand for big visions of farming can benefit greatly from digitalisation. Of. Our dream is to come here with a small trailer open the door and then 100 drones fly out and around the field and doing everything automatically the water. And everything depends on the new technological possibilities and how we exploit them. These days farming is becoming increasingly high tech in europe i mean africa to here in nigeria for example theres a lot of research being done into solutions for feeding the population while protecting the environment we risk. A company in lagos thats reducing the negative environmentalists impact of farming with an innovative Hydroponic System it uses less land and little or no soil for the cultivation of Fresh Produce the firm is helping drive an urban agricultural revolution. These bazil possibly and little blonde suspects shown they being drowned with old use a normal song vision over to systemise called audrey politics to feed the plants they gardeners use. Media made from the block of the coconut tree hard to conduct their transfer years are not. New trunks with chemical additives d basically culson potassium in their natural state and a special vegetable formula that has all the micro nutrients and that the plants need. They got no color we group began growing herds and vegetables in lagos 2 years ago Fresh Produce is often difficult to find into nigerian megacity and organic products are even harder to get hold of. Starts with the need to. Want to empower the farmers and also with the consumer in mind in terms of providing fresh Quality Produce to all consumers which is real farm to table which is part of the whole agricultural revolution thats going on in the world by growing locally they could even on the cot the prices of the produce a valuable in the city body still make profits conventionally grown vegetables sowed other market cost around 30 percent more than the organic ones here i buy keil spinnys in the eightys most of them are imported so that very expensive but this is look on the groom and danny so the pricing yes its very reasonable when you think about what you are getting nothing can be fresh for you know straight from from farm to mouth the whole concept nothing if its not too expensive. Its environmentally friendly other company only delivers within the city it keeps its carbon. The firm is also helping other farmers to follow its example. We. A branch of the called and its a part of the continent that literally you know butte people approach the phone for them and then transfer its a day so far theyve helped 3 farmers to launch the room businesses. We are also planning to expand and are currently sitting up to new c. T. Farms in lagos. Here in africa effects of the Climate Crisis have never been more apparent and the farming sector is inevitably hardest hit if you have your 4 years of the farmers plant what are supposed to be high yield crops every year but the land is so props that be barely have anything to harvest. In germany if european researches are learning how to boost biodiversity and revive. Right is back on withstand the drop by a mental for a. Biologist. Is showing 3 visitors around the fields of the live in its institute of plant genetics and Crop Plant Research in central germany. So you think the 3 of the seed bank of the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute in ad is the largest of its kind in africa they want to find out what their colleagues in germany are doing to improve the quality of crop seeds. The market likes the hands on part of the process here shes learning things she hopes to implement back home shes manager of the seed bank and i just. Dont know what tomorrow can bring so we always want to see if our. Life but its there we support a life of food shelter maybe its all what a base for our living so its a question of living. So housing in conserving is supporting life. Shows her guests the treasure trove at the heart of the institute the seed bank with over 150000 some. Bills from crop plants from around the world gathered over a period of several decades to come. You know. Love us or has been collaborating with her colleagues in addis ababa for 9 years now. The diversity of species is astounding for example that on more than 9000. 00 varieties of being in the collection alone size of the seed bank here in gutters laban is one of the largest in the world or so electing mission the items in all the right is have lower yields but they can cope better with changing climatic conditions theyre more robust in times of drought lack of water often turn soil acidic or leads to a build up of minerals and heavy metals these for riot is can withstand all of that better than more fragile modern seeds more than a. Lot of us are has got to know the problem is farmers face in ethiopia 1st hand for sure they tend to plant the same crops year in year out which leads to soil degradation and ever lower yields. Needed. The institute in add is also has fields where new strains are tested strains developed that with the help of a german seed company. That more back at the likeness institute in germany this week was grown from seeds collected in the 1950 s. The variety actually originated in ethiopia but has died out there this is a 6 robo examples have since been sent back to the seed bank and is along with seeds of other crops once and demick to ethiopia really certain strains of wheat and mustard more than 7000 in all now theyre back home and available for research and possibly cultivation we want to apply or to use our heroes for sustainable. Development so most of our seed. Researchers from Different Research institutes in the country and students are. For their ph d. In the visitors from ethiopia want to expand the testing of older varieties at their own institute to establish which ones could withstand stress factors such as dryness or acidic soil is an important step to boost Sustainable Farming in ethiopia important thats what import and we spin europe one next report in poland many farmers practice industrialised farming simpatico fertilizers and pesticides are common as intensive life stock following but in recent years the demand has been changing with more and more people buying organically produced food. It is a trend that we are seeing all over the world and in poland a country that is traditionally grounded in agriculture this growing market is providing opportunities to the increasing number of organic Dairy Farmers we went to meet with cheese makers. In eastern poland helena is leaving her go to head through the meadows. A couple of years ago she and her daughter isabella to tell us where started with a handful of animals now they take care of 300 goats. From them though the family produces a variety of different organic cheeses that have become a hit with the locals. She added there was a time when people said oh good lord goat cheese no it really smells bad and it cant possibly taste good and. It took several years to convince poles to try some other choose besides the cows milk factory kind gotos was practically nonexistent so only now that its become trendy. To chaska is one of the 1000 out isnt all cheese make his in poland the 25 year old is a psychologist by training but has decided to come on board in the family run Business Today the farm boasts more than 50 head tis a pasture and produces around 10 tons of organic cheese each year. Another farm in the region that rancher a french era has a similar back story. Sylvia schlender of it and her family specialize in organic cows and sheep cheeses. Some 15 years ago they left the city to buy a ramshackle farm. Over the years they renovated it and turned it into a flourishing cheese business. They have no trouble selling their dairy close to home and after that in europe there are fewer and fewer natural rich herbs and so i think thats one reason why archies the such a hit not only with coles that but also some italian french or spanish people who saw his final in poland organic food still has a small market share compared to other european nations. Yet the demand is growing rapidly. More and more people are willing to pay a premium for high quality and sustainably produced food that means there are lots of opportunities for the countrys organic cheese farmers to grow their herds even bigger but. All too often and all over the world farming goes hard in hand with different station in many african countries slashing and bonding is the way to prepare land for planting crops regardless of whether that land is depleted or the time but many overlook the fact that this method destroys the so way down below the surface one young man in senegal has come up with an alternative one that is good for the soil and the air and can even produce better harvests. These are she is still hot recently trees are cut down here and bun to make room for new fields. The tropical forests are on the village of subtle insult on senegal is endangered. The palm are a palm is an option part of the forest in provides the villagers with fruit with wood to build on each other with palm leaves for their roofs of the huts. But again and again the forest is it a late lemon somebody is a farmer from start to who wants to protect the trees he sees the slash and burn my thought is actually harmful for agriculture although the new fields may be fertile bonding also causes soil erosion which is bad for the palmira palm trees. Dont prepare for a fall. This is an example of a devastating bushfire last year someone set a fire here and dangerous left you can see the back of this tree bonte down to the bees and that means the whole tree is now much more vulnerable to. The new way. Crisis Meeting Village elder Christophe Corley explains how serious the situation ease slashing and burning does not only destroy a forest and control fires threaten the village itself. And the. Business. Of founded a committee that will look into the organization of a troll i dont turn to villagers from our own suit to participating in order to get this bush fires under control. I did what would be going to put a bill but the farm with lemon some who doesnt think but trolls will help he discovered a method on the internet which will make depleted soils for tell again this method is called google quota or hell culture fast and usable logs and dead branches is laid down relieves grass and weeds is put on top then it only needs watering in time it becomes a fire told bed for planting clements some who tried it on his own fields and was successful. Or needed we only want to eat once a week so not only what if you put your hands on top of it its as if youre a deep in the woods a really nice damp for a soil and thats just what the plants need to do for a live report is why would you put. This in terms villagers plant mostly veggie tables on their fields claman some teaches them the forest friendly makeover. Which also gives them valuable compost its. Pharmacy still said not decided to use the compost on her fields. Miracle my wrangler said we can and i make comcast it gives me a profit instead of having to buy for to live with these profit i take care of my house and i take care of my children my 2 nephews i can go. To the market to bite the hands that he raised to secure my future and save a forest master. So when we news incompetence to revitalize the depleted fields and make them fatten again kotex the pony up palm trees. And the whole tropical forest. Im afraid weve run out of time for today we hope the show has given you some useful information on how farming can help positive but also devastating effect on the environment from the ecological farming to new technologies thats it for this week. Goodbye from Lagos Nigeria and goodbye from me to here in kampala uganda will be back next week with the new edition of africa in the meantime if you want to get in touch visit our website or you can drop us a line take care and stay safe see you next time good fun. Good. To. Be a read the real trial it resides. I come from dirt lots of people in fact more than a 1000000000 pages of blood not just democracy thats one reason why im passionate about people and aspirations and a concern so. Much in the book is righteous in the end after the for the fun in the morning i remember thinking at the time feast of bali in vulcan for what anything can happen if people come together and unite for the for the sun i do the news i often confront difficult situations more conflicts between just some still high seas response my own shop to confront floods paedos on policies and Development Just put the spotlight an issues that matter most. To security question marshall nicely. A notch has been achieved so much more needs to be john mccain people have to be at solutions my name is on the cheese on and i walk into the delta. Glow. Of the legal. Shoes love is from the back. To. Be a submission. Presumably the 1st the books above be shuffled the book the boosts the ball up the mother mistrustful. Good luck love the books love and respect. The be. Playing. The blame. The. This is. History. And. The need to get young people back to work. The 1st arrests in hong kong. Police detained dozens of protesters
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