Florida where home but studied Mining Technology now researchers there are working on new ways of extracting metals. As. He wanted to see the world in its entirety at a time when european saw themselves as a period to other peoples and cultures aleksandr from home but sort of personal contact his famous expedition to the americas reveal to him how everything was connected. Multifaceted scientist explorer humanist humboldt is considered one of the last minute. Alexander from whom boyd was born in berlin at 769 growing up in a palace outside the city he was fascinated by rocks plants and insects from an early age after attending university and working as a government mine. He set off for the americas in 79009. 00 it was a dream come true for a naturalist for 4 months we slept in the forests so rounded by crocodiles boas and jackie was eating nothing more than rice ants manioc and on occasion monkeys he wrote of the hardships and excitement of his expedition he returned after 5 years with a wealth of measurement data and botanical and geological specimens. Vulcanology zoology ethnology just 3 of the Many Research areas to which he made important contributions. Was celebrated in his lifetime he died in 859 in berlin his legacy is preserved in his great multivolume work cosmos a comprehensive treaties on science and nature. How relevant is humbug today. To find out our reporter Christiana Coleman headed out with a team to follow the route of hamas expedition in south america. The trip took them to ecuador and colombia. In part one they climbed chimborazo and an active volcano that is as much a challenge today as it was in how much time. 4000 meters above sea level on the north face of chin but also the legendary volcano that and 18 o 2 proved an enter mountable challenge for alexander when homeboy. Mountain guide got sia wants to take us to the summit. Our team is struggling with the thin air at this altitude and we still have hours of ascent to head of us were following the route taken 2 centuries ago by the famous explorer and naturalist. And really question about timing and im really passionate about being in one thing so of course 200 years ago someone as i arrived here and discovered these area and the like of course you fell in love with me then one thing. I can see how missionary he was thinking how he can get to the top if you imagine he didnt know how high he things and just that feel enough to go up and try to measure the month and try to be enough. For. As we follow in the footsteps of alexander one on board our expedition will take us halfway across south america. Our journey begins here in ecuador and one of the worlds highest capital cities. Quito was the window on the heavens he and his companions set up a base in a Spanish Colonial town their objective to explore the region and document everything they encountered along the way. The basement of ecuadors National Archives houses the priceless findings of their research trip. The maps correspondence and drawings produced by on board and stored here amount to over 4000 pages. Historian and home board expert as if you know youngness has examined all the documents. In the women the important thing is that both of the good one enormously important item is the passport issued to him but later that by the Spanish Government on may 7th 799 he is important. But again the game was for him to quote continue studying the mind of sea and make a lections observations and discover it was useful for the advancement of the Natural Sciences but it is so that he said that without. The passport gave him board license to roam as he pleased through spains colonial territories an extraordinary privilege for the time and one that he made maximum use of. In the space of 5 years he traveled from venezuela to cuba colombia ecuador and peru then on to mexico exploring collecting and measuring everything he came across on boats holistic approach to research combined precise data gathering with personal observations made during his journey he bridge the boundaries of scientific disciplines humble came to the americas to understand how all the forces of nature are intertwined and interconnected he was accompanied on his mission by his friend the botanist im a bump wrong the 2 men were on by jim but also the an active volcano which at the time was considered the worlds highest mountain. Resolved to reach it some and. Thats because ive been out among up with him go up the mountain thats not something people do here normally at most maybe bring out luggage for visitors but no one goes up the mountain of their own accord. Or sensei of europe q what i thought. North where chimborazo cant be climbed why anyone who is bad or has failed again going across at all without. Impairment north of where it will be it can only be inclined to fight people who are healthy when commuter who are well fed and who are on good terms with the lord he will say yes if youve done something bad in your life you wont make it work if you try you end up in line to your own crazy a good or dead horse or. Thats. Still determined to climb the colossus towering 6300 meters above sea level it was long considered unconquerable. Climbers from across the world many of them are scored by latin americas 1st internationally licensed female. I remember one. Thing is you. Just need to trust yourself. Keep. My heart. Because of that. Ok i can inspire people to do the same but i never thought that im going to became the 1st. And be like that but now is part of me. A respect for scientific curiosity grows as we approach the glacier its our 1st time with this kind of altitude. As we continue our a center so we can also see distinct changes in the vegetation. Now you can see. But theyre disappearing as soon as we go high up the glaciers near so just some plants can survive you know many few meters from down below 0 to 300 meters is a big change. Is going to be in the next 100 meters and so is the. In these area b. Cannot survive these on and off oxygen for them to be alive here. The trek from quito option but also was on board road like a botanical journey from the equator to the poles down in the valleys he saw tropical plants and further up the mountain vegetation similar to that in Northern Europe as the explorer looked down on the mountain ranges below him he perceived the world with different eyes. Later on board painter the now famous crosssection of chimborazo illustrating the different vegetation in climate zones it demonstrated the relationship between plant life and altitude and climate and patterns repeated across the planet the chimborazo map was a striking illustration of the complex interconnectedness of the natural world. And bolt was forced to abandon his expedition a few 100 meters short of the summit of chin but also his way blocked by an impassable ravine. But he had climbed higher than anyone before him and his world fame was guaranteed. Lets take a closer look at homeless generosity and that also known as the tabloid physique the diagram contains data of great interest to modern day reset his own climate and ecology. But now it team of scientists has found some discrepancies in the data we talked on skype with French Research at p. M. A. Was currently on an expedition in ecuador and i asked him why hes so interested in the tablet physique. Working with colleagues. On. Climate change on High Altitude organisms. We soon realise it was thats good of research. Gets as old information as we care so historical old information we can call bear with the current was issued of the other isms and of course in tropical regions we have both furious star occur because and who is one of the most important potential sources of information for thats going off historical records. That together with his colleagues he found that some of humberts information about the altitude at which set some plans for granting was inconsistent. Plus other areas did he notice what we also realize that is that most of his observation about higher did use better patient did not come from the chiller soap but from another monday in gold undiscerning he was completely aware of that of course so the damage is it is not a scientific documents perfect that can be used by modern as they are at this for new results its a very important. Document for the history of science. This is a small painfully humble to hampton 80 now to my place team rediscovered it on one of their trips on them boats expeditions still a source of inspiration yeah of course it is very inspiring i dont have a description or how he climbed on the. He gets almost ice or snow blind he didnt have a. Good good protection as its a dirty drug to say once you are so where he suffered a storm and the reason why he could not observe the education hated you but it. Is because there he was. A story just during his time so of course and not to say about. Clothes where his clothes was not adapted to to carry a monkey so of course its very pressing whats trained to do so such a long explanation its not a one in a. Sense to him out there its. A ceremony explanation so of course its a mode. For more Fascinating Research results and expeditions go turned websites and finally asked on twitter and facebook and to check out our special birthday web page full of stories related to aleksandar from home by. Numerous species of plants and animals have been named after oleksandr from home but they range from penguins. To screw monkeys. And that and speaking of that if you encounter incentive a question about a special thing they do. Why do bats sleep upside down. In fact they spend most of their time hanging with their heads pointing down even for months at a time when they hibernate. Nobody really knows how they evolve to do it. But that they do it has distinct advantages as research has demonstrated. Critical panning from rafters or branches means they dont have to compete with other species for a place to sleep far from the ground theyre less vulnerable to predators. And if they do sense danger they can make a quick getaway. Drop flap and off they go in fact most bats can take off directly from the ground. But is it healthy to hang your head for hours or months on end im comfortable bats dont seem to mind their blood can pump from 3 to head and back to the heart without any problem. Their body weight closes their claws by mechanical action it has to do with the way their tendons are attached. That means they dont expend any energy in order to roost upside down and if they die in that position theyll just stay put. But their hind legs and feet are not well suited to walking let alone running. Spots also hanging downwards when they sleep the differences they took their head up against their chest. And as far as humans are concerned theres no evidence we can sleep upside down. Bats are the only creatures known to science to hang their heads so much. If outlet is read why are they even if you. Do you have a science question that youve always wanted answered were happy to help you out send it to us as a video text ovoid smell if we answer it on the show will send you a little surprise as a thank you god just ask. We like to ask you questions too and for this Humble Program we wanted to know what you associate with alexander from home but. We got a lot of answers from latin america where humbert continues to be popular. Elizabeth notes that hobart is very famous for discovering the ocean current that bears his name. Diego martin otto points out that he was a great student of geography biodiversity and the anthropology of ecuador and he quotes somebody else saying it or eons are strange and unique beings they sleep calmly amid smoking volcanoes live in poverty and incomparable riches and reach choice in sad music. Mary blanchet writes that she said him with education and the books with his impressions of mexico and she says he was a great historian. Thats a pin they had a mass lino from mexico says humboldt represents the kind of german who loves the world science and truth and is an outstanding source for the understanding of mexico. Better often visits an answer castle the volcano also known as nevada toluca. Standing on the rim he thinks about how this one man could explore so many areas in such a profound manner god was the perfect scholar a citizen of the world who sought the ultimate frontin. And beyond and he concludes the true name of america want to be one bought land thats all right. Many modern technologies require special metals these resources are not always easy to come by but without them wed have no Wind Turbines and no batteries. In fire back in eastern germany scientists are searching for new ways of extracting minerals and 1st theyre not going under the ground but high above it. These men are Treasure Hunters searching for valuable minerals. They are following in the footsteps of alex hunter from white. Bear homemade drones designed to fly with sophisticated equipment upwards of 100000 euros. The aerial vehicle scans large areas with the devices like this magneto meter. It measures 3 asians in the micheletti field of the earth which helps to pinpoint Mineral Deposits without elaborate and costly drugs the ones whove been in the news we want to encroach as little as possible on people surroundings and environment because we want to gain acceptance and the population. The sun and the other aspects or efficiency and safety hard. Drive is unable to gather data rapidly without having to go there ourselves in. The data taken by the divisional instruments are combined to give geologists an idea of the structure of the subsonic. Then they can guess where in which minute they may find. This method would have frayed alex on the phone who bought it in his study it was almost impossible to find deposits hed been deep underground. Dominoes. Noon going back then mines were only in places where ores had been found on the surface when people found them they pursued them for side today thats not possible anymore because practically the entire surface of the earth has been studied and we have to go down deep. There are currently around 5000 new minerals and many of them are on display here in freiburg ringback over the centuries theyve been brought to the surface by minus and by researchers like. Ringback studied at the new we found that Mining Academy in freiburg. It was the 1st university of its kind in the bird and he a homebody learnt the state of the art Mining Technology of his time. Yes at the buddhists this humble this one of the mining academies most famous students he looked for minerals not just here in freiburg but all over the world and. That the fernald the minerals have to be separated from the surrounding rock. In freiburg who voted learned the techniques for doing it very much tied to how to crush the rock for example by using stone metals to break down the rock from the or mountains all we needed were methods for separating the larger pieces so. That made it possible to extract silver irony. But mina its like chair mania indium and during our earth are a different story today we need them for when turbines electric car batteries and so. These elements are generally either not very abundant are not concentrated in deposits martin who studies how to recover these minerals from crushed rock. Using water and a number of chemicals the frothy baff this prepared for the minerals. Ideally the desired mineral particles will need to guess bubbles and rice to the surface. There they can be skimmed off layer by layer. The problem is this socalled flotation technique is not environmentally friendly in part because of the flotation reagents. One strategy and making the production more eco friendly focuses on the chemicals we have to Research Projects that are trying to replace the chemicals by biological agents that is we use microorganisms at cern their diverse interaction with the materials to get tailor made reagents from these microorganisms in the quarters most who are designed not to these are produced naturally and are more ecologically compatible and can help reduce the need for harmful some static reagents t. It is a. Good party and we both would also like to reduce the amount of water at least for the purposes you would force them and of course in my research the dream would be to no longer use flotation but to find a separation process that works in the dry state so we dont have the water problem thats something were working on. Making flirtation more environmentally friendly would have another important impact it could then be used to recycle products to recover the valuable minerals. Present day treasure hunting has very much in home but spirit the big picture in mind. Our journey in the footsteps of alexander from home but continues next week when our reports have visits the avenue of the volcanoes in ecuador. Join us for more of his impressions inspired by her most expedition until then by. Good. To. Meet the artist we talked to sasha folletts. Choreographer constantly pushing the limits of downstairs look for anything else was cool stuff and the guy it will clear up shes been dancing against the current for 25 years where did she get her energy from. Such a hot. Chick. In 30 minutes on w. Youre a. What unites. What divides. The money and whats the crushing. What. Finds the continent to her im going to send stories aplenty. Spock why dont people. Focus on girls on t. W. And gemini which means any time any place. Is a news video never. Have had the benefit of pop. Songs to sing along to come down to just a combo from soup. To do such. A varied course is into active exercise is the hard thing about that d w dont come to ash dungeon and on facebook in the uk still. Demonstrate with the devil you. Plan it early the global tourist guide function is booming capital i love berlin the scope of the multicultural metropolis you know where youre a back siri simpler than it sounds like stores in me i love you even want to show you what today certainly looks like swiss like me inside just 50 nations 50 stories. And 50 very personal tips on berlins very best features. Books now live our lives every week on t. W. Play. Play play. This is the news from pitt in the United States reels from 2 Mass Shootings just a pot the latest in dayton ohio comes off dramatic on fire in a popular nightlife area the suspected gunman has been killed his sister was among the victims it follows another shooting texas
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