Coming up the genocide that still haunts a nation silently 25 years after the killing of rwanda men are struggling to do the one thing that could finally let the healing begin talking manslaughter that is thats a local problem and rhonda which reflect the dangerous side to the old man are expected to deal with that pain and grief alone and silence and intently. Viewers on p. B. S. In the United States and all around the world welcome we begin the day with the time that dont like they used to after several days of silence germany today said no no to a request by the u. S. To take part in a Naval Mission to protect shipping in the strait of hormuz now this is a slap in the face for the Trump Administration but it comes as no surprise because germany. Said repeatedly that there would be no new tensions with iran if the us had not withdrawn from that Iran Nuclear Deal germanys act of defiance is also a clear one a firm no to a Naval Mission led by the us well what about a Naval Mission led by europe last week the u. K. Proposed just that but its new Prime Minister and government apparently consider a Naval Mission off the coast of iran without u. S. Military muscle to be a nonstarter and idea that germany apparently does not share apparently tonight we simply dont know 1st here is what the German Foreign minister said earlier today. Its time to get definition we do not want to join the United States atrocity of maximum pressure if we do not want any further escalation is needed we must recognize that there are incidents that need to be dealt with the British Government will say again later today how it intends to deal with this we have agreed to germany france and Great Britain will coordination very very closely on this issue was put on in this by d. M. T. So there you have the German Foreign minister clear about that no to a u. S. Led Naval Mission and not so clear about what germany france and the u. K. Could possibly do together or today germanys new defense minister left the door open not we dont know exactly to what take a listen. Gather with france and Great Britain and germany has done everything in the past and the present to achieve a diplomatic and complete solution in iran. In meantime comment. Like other International Partners we now have a 1st rough proposal from the United States about a possible mission. Soon. And were currently examining these requirements in close consultation with Great Britain and france and were doing this in particular against the background of our political and diplomatic objectives. In this are how to make sense of all of this this is a transatlantic story and that is how we are covering it tonight. Political correspondent kate brady she joins me tonight from here in berlin and across the pond Helen Humphrey joins me from washington d. C. To both of you welcome to the let me start with you berlin says no to washington has there been any reaction from the trumpet district. Not as of yet brant and i wouldnt expect there to be any swift reaction for the simple reason that its the idea of not dignifying that no. Slap in the face with a Swift Response just you know writing it off as small fry because i think at the end of the day there is now the sense here in washington that the United States will go ahead with it this Naval Mission where the burden is on board or whether brought in is not on board as we are now say seeing i think the problem for the German Government may likely have been in terms of the wording the devil is in the detail i think for and that request from the United States because the United States called on berlin to secure shipping in the strait of hormuz but they also called on them to combat iranian aggression were of course then germany to give into that im essentially they would have been condemning irans actions at the same time you know in de jing in something which is labeled as putting them on a collision course then with tech ron at a time of course when germany has such a differing view and it stance towards iran desperately trying to nudge the iranians back into the parameters of that carefully negotiated to 2015 nuclear deal at the end of the day though i think whether this u. S. Mission is patrolling of the high seas or perhaps even something more perhaps a move of politic i think its fair to say that we will see washington now proceed and go forward rather swiftly and killed or what about germany i mean this does look like a slap in the face delivered by germany to the United States. It certainly could be seen that way particularly given that German Defense relies so heavily on the u. S. But at the same time this really isnt a surprise if you look even at the wider picture out of outside of this particularly situation that we find ourselves in right now germany is always very reluctant to partake in any kind of combat military operation any kind of involvement that school and has been that way for many decades and for some time now its very its be much more of a helping hand than an active participant so theres absolutely no appetite here in germany to really get involved in a very robust hams own role particularly in a u. S. Led mission and belin simply doesnt want to see its forces led by the u. S. Particularly in the in this very fragile and very what could be explosive situation right now and were just getting reports now that both of you know that the United States has Just Announced it is imposing sanctions on irans foreign minister zarif that is going to up the tension considerably but thats just coming across right now kate let me stick with you germany is saying no to a u. S. Led Naval Mission what about a european Naval Mission which the u. S. Or the u. K. Rather cold for last week. Well of them and that is one of the Big Questions of course at least from the u. K. Side things arent looking so sure of that anymore either but there is this fear here in germany as well that word gemini to become part of at least that u. S. Led mission and that it could become Collateral Damage in the same could apply to an e. U. Naval mission as well and so thats something that germanys discussing at the moment but nothing has been moved off the table so far germanys in very close talks with the u. K. And with france right now as we saw there on a great crime karrenbauer the new defense minister was already meeting with french and u. K. Officials today to discuss exactly how joint effort can be achieved and to move things forward and find out whats very important for germany here a different matic solution so not any kind of military action but beyond that still murky waters all around helen of what about. That international Naval Mission that the u. S. Has been trying to put together in the strait of hormuz is there any movement on that. Well there is some reason we dont know the full details and the what we should point out is that talks were held today with military representatives from the United States from the u. K. In bahrain back rain of course is home to the 5th largest u. S. Naval fleet in the wall so a sense that they are putting that together details are emerging on that those door those talks have been held behind closed doors we can expect more details potentially on thursday and now we know that perhaps denmark potent portugal spain and sweden said that they would be interested to hear what comes out of that suggest away that possibilities i wonder now whether that changes based on those latest sanctions targeted against the foreign minister zarif because that makes it very clear that the United States is still pursuing this campaign of maximum pressure all of which the European Union has been critical so that may change how this now evolves i think brant or i told the humphrey on the story for us in washington. On the story here in the german capital to both of you thank you. I expect breaks it may come up a little bit i think the crucial thing to stress is that. The attach huge importance to the spirit of the of the bill for us good friday agreement well that was a british Prime Minister Boris Johnson speaking in Northern Ireland today in belfast he reiterated his promise that he will take the u. K. Out of the European Union and that there can be no brakes a deal until the backstop is scrapped now the backstop is Something Like an insurance policy that would guarantee no return to a hard border between Northern Ireland and the republic of ireland most people in Northern Ireland voted to remain in the European Union and that referendum back in 2016 and one of the provinces biggest parties the nationalist shin fein is staunchly opposed to a new deal breaks it that was the message that the partys leader had for mr johnson when she spoke to him today so we have mass with bars johnson. Weve had a fairly extensive conversation with him and which we have raised the issue of braggs us. In his sad course of action which seems. To indicate that he has set the compass for a disorderly in a crash frags this very carefully that this would be catastrophic for the irish economy. For irish i fully hoods for our society for our politics and for our peace accords weve made it clear to him that the extensive planning that he tells us he is carrying i use and respect of a potential crash. The constitutional question of the issue of a board here in our lands. Germany deported nearly 25000 people last year whose application for asylum and been rejected but that is less than half of the number of people who should have been deported 30000 people are thought to still be in the country in harvey where now the government is tightening the law to make it easier to send people not eligible for asylum back to their country of origin as we reported the changes are controversial. Techniques airport and doesnt nigerian nationals are taken to a chartered plane for deportation. 5 people on the passenger list are missing they may have gone into hiding 12 migrants board the aircraft accompanied by 3 times as many Police Officers. Officer christiane coupe of my own has been on many such deportation flights he says repatriation amounts to a personal crisis for migrants many are desperate some even injure themselves at the last minute to try and avoid deportation as i remember them its not i are always my worry about it i wonder how things are going to work out for them are these but then i figure if were sitting in the plane with them that a proper Legal Process is being carried out you know my 40. Some tooth from senegal could be deported next he has lived in and around munich for 5 years his asylum application was turned down he knows the rules for deportation are getting stricter and a lengthy detention is possible. Is a fear for all of us lets not leave people who cannot see if. What to what we think. We have been done i think if someone dont have what is probably we dont fight so i think its good to those people. Some get support from an engine you know in munich a Refugee Council that helps him when he deals with officials and needs legal advice the Refugee Council is critical of the new deportation legal asians. The stared at him as a sneer compared to being completely deprived of their rights not only that those who fled here are be dehumanized because this is no longer a matter of an individuals fate but the families are split up all whether the person is sick this is a matter of carrying out to potations for the sake of raising the statistics or to stick to its. Authority to see things differently those in detention at this temporary facility at Munich Airport are legally required to be deported. Every case has been reviewed by a judge. Related to yeah but she will. People who have committed offenses have priority on a deportation flight these are those who are in danger of public order and safety delinquents and people consider the threat dealt with 1st then comes everyone else. By the gastritis if its not only criminals who are detained in the worst cases people who have committed minor violations such as signing a document too late could also be deported. That sometimes makes officers like. Think twice even if they trust the system couldnt meyer thanks abusive officials who accompany deportees such as speeding and fighting is on the rise and witnessing deportees inflicting injury on themselves is stressful. Because it is as it is. Try to avoid letting it get to me i think he doesnt mean me personally he probably sees Police Officers on the flight as representatives of the german state and she holds them in contempt because he has to leave the country that is how i distance myself from the situation or its over the week is a visit from. The migrants from nigeria have long since landed back home for the time being they may not return to germany their train is home for. One day remains a country deeply scarred by the genocide 25 years ago about 800000 people were slaughtered in 100 days by ethnic hutu extremists they were targeting members of the minority to see communities as well as political opponents many of the killers mostly men have served time in prison but the genocide has had a lasting and devastating effects on rwanda with ethnicity still very much a taboo subject our correspondent melanie jura the ball introduces us to men who are trying to talk about what happened in the hopes of healing themselves. It was awful when the mall today these men sit side by side in Community Based social sarah p. To share their experiences during roundest darkest hour the 1994 genocide 25 years ago but went up to a 1000000 tutsis a moderate hutus were wiped out in just 100 days but it would divide it among those who carried out the killings and those who survived it. Memories of being on the run and how his pregnant wife had to give birth in hiding of it. We couldnt find a way that the baby would survive being with us but i still had friends who i was doing business with they helped me and they took my newborn at night to a woman who run an orphanage at. The baby say but a few days later the perpetrators went there to look for him they took my baby and killed him. Up don now lives a peaceful life with his wife. But he struggles with the guilt of not being able to protect the 12 members of his family who were killed during the genocide similarly former release perpetrators like every easter have served their sentence are still haunted by what they call the shame of their past he says hes guilty of killing 4 people including to members of his own family. I came to realize that i cant escape my judgment i accepted it i went to ask my father in law for forgiveness it was too much to handle the fact that i had killed my mother in law i was in so much pain. Many of the men returning from prison have struggled they found their families a strange road as the head of the household challenged in the image of their very own masculinity destroyed. They say these feelings however cannot be talked about in public. And always has to be strong a man has to suffocate his pain and behave like a man. The way i see it a man should also show his emotions in rwandan culture i can accept it in public. Amounted to overcome his pain. Then swallowed it years thats a local problem here in rwanda which reflects a dangerous side to all men are expected to deal with their pain and grief alone in silence and internally although the country is hailed as a role model reconciling with its violent past toxic image and lets kill anybody who continues to hurt the healing process of its mia population. Away from social pressures at least and im glad they have found a safe space to reconcile and work on the psychological. Therapy helped. Because we used to fear each other. Whenever i saw a person i had wronged. I could feel my heart racing. We have no problems with the perpetrators anymore because theyre part of the families of social therapy. As i say when we meet now we are the same we have the same heart. About each of them but. The men have the same new social Therapy Group hope to contribute to the healing of their country so that future generations wont repeat their mistakes by facing their demons together they set an example so that rundown men learn how to show their emotions and their society learns to accept that. For a powerful story did talk about this process of healing im joined now from southern germany by dr thomas teaches a neuropsychologist and his work to help victims of conflict and trauma dr albert its good to have you on the show you have worked with conflict victims in rwanda congo and in afghanistan to name just a few places how important is it in the healing process for for people to talk about past atrocities i think its very important to understand what has happened and what is actually straight some dangers in the prisons and the only way we really cant process it is talking about it and you have to talk about your thoughts your motions you feelings and also about you sensations we know that in the in the in the fall well from the genocide of rwanda. There were really massive changes in the Legal Framework of the country it is now illegal for example to talk about or to write about ethnicity in that Legal Environment how in the world can we expect people to open up about their nightmares that came from the genocide. I cannot see how the Legal Framework really is the problem here you are not allowed to officially know this whether youre outta work but people still know it i asked the people how do your children know they said well one is an art or an uncle and the other one isnt so it is very old its just simply not good in birds but i cannot see how that would be an obstacle who are telling what has happened well of course you mention you are in general so i. Imagine you have killed people with a mushy where you have beaten them to death or you have stabbed them would you be in a position to talk about this to other people i think nobody would usually yeah thats a good point to make and its hard to imagine to how people perpetrators or victims how they would deal with Something Like this especially when were talking about 25 years after the fact we hear that men deal with emotions differently than women is that true when it comes to dealing with a huge trauma like the rwandan genocide. It is true that men were primarily the perpetrators also there were also some women but the majority were made and they can talk about themselves in like in former club blue clubs of home of combatants like veterans do in western countries a but they would not talk if you if you meet somebody from a war zone lets say a german soldier an american soldier they dont talk you about with you about what has happened in the war how the killed other people and the same thing is true for rhonda. I dont think that it is really much different between men and women women dont talk either they dont talk about their perpetration of they dont talk about their race. Served very difficult situation you have to create the space for them so that they can open up well dr thomas that we appreciate you taking the time to try to help us understand this is valuable insights tonight into a very difficult subject dr Thomas Albert thank you yeah thank you for interest. In finally the brazilian president has raised some french follicles if you will after he reportedly skipped a meeting with frances foreign minister to you guessed it get a haircut so youre bill sinatra was due to meet with the French Foreign minister but he cancelled last minute only to be seen a little later why streaming on facebook from the barbershop its all being seen in france as a deliberate snub by the hardline brazilian leader who was at odds with paris and many other nations over Climate Policy theyre calling it the blow dryer blow will. Be all right the days almost on the conversation continues online to find us on twitter and you can follow me at t. V. Dont forget to use our hash tag the day every member whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day well see you then. The menus do some things a bit differently and other things very differently. The Younger Generation on the labor market. Theyre focused and confident and optimistic and it was nothing less than to change the way. We checked the polls on generation was. Made in germany