was six years ago, we were seeing 230,000 people die. in fact, in september 29th of last year, there was a magnitude 8.1 earthquake in the hebretes in samoa and tonga. we couldn't have done this five years ago. bill: the forecast turned out to be so extreme compared to what happened in places like hawaii and -- i'm just trying to figure out, over the past five years, has the warning system gotten any better? >> well, it depends. it's like weather forecasting. it's a model-based enterprise. basically you have to have a good source model of the earthquake, then a good propogation model across the ocean, then a good tsunami run model when it gets ashore. the problem is with an earthquake that big, it actually takes a fair amount of time, perhaps even several hours, to get a good fix on the type of earthquake that it was. in this particular case, the zone in that area is horizontal so you're getting