The Artemis Program and the moon to mars program, i think the Business Model has proven it well very successful. We are bringing down costs, increasing access, and that will spacexe to happen and and others can get more customers. Nasa does not want to be the owner and operator of the heart or the only customer. We want spacex to go get customers that are not as. When that materializes, i think what elon is talking about, this vision for humanity being able to live on the surface of the moon for long periods of time and eventually on mars for long periods of time, that is the eventuality of the Business Model we are currently developing. Thank you. Our next question is from Chris Davenport of the washington post. Thank you for taking my call. Thank you further trampling quote. That was classic. The, you put the window in cargo dragon as a symbol of your ambition of flying people. I wonder if you could talk about how over these long years, you it asour team focused on the ultimate goal, even though they have worked on so many other things along the way . Eggs and congrats inc. You and congrats thank you and congrats. Mr. Musk the human spaceflight is really the goal, the primary , to create the technologies or help create the technologies necessary to make life sustainably multiplanetary. I cannot emphasize this enough, bases that thing we need to do. We must need life sustainably multiplanetary. Earth, welife beyond are life agents in this regard. That are here on earth, we can ring them to other planets. It is important to do so as soon as possible i think, while the window of opportunity is open. Public topon the support this goal, and to think about this goal and how important it is and how fundamental it is for the future. We have got to get it done. So launching satellites is nice, keeps wend it have got to bring in more money. This is important. But it is also all about life beyond earth. Next will go to our question, eric berger. Good afternoon. That was a hell of a thing to watch. Question for jim today. It has been a little more than eight on since you tweeted about more than eight months since you tweeted about spacex. Just wonder if you are saying they delivered or not and do you have a message for other contractors for nasa . Admin. Bridenstine leave it to you to bring this up. We are celebrating here a little bit. I want to be careful until i celebrate too much until they get there safely, but that is right. There was a time eight months ago, as you mentioned the, or were having challenges with parachutes. Had a a crew dragon that test that ultimately resulted in a catastrophic loss, and, you know, if you would have told me then that we would write here today, i dont know that i would have believed it. Yes, i sent a tweet and asked elon to deliver. I will tell you the same thing i told the president and Vice President , and i said it in a number of interviews. Since that day, elon musk and spacex have delivered on everything nasa has asked them to deliver on, and at a speed we never would have guessed. Sayingneering team was this would not be able to be achieved in this amount of time. The amount of parachute tests we had to get done and how long it takes, look, we got all the parachute tests done. We are just overwhelmingly grateful, not just for spacex and elon musk, but also airborne, the nasa team that really went to work at getting all of the tests done. Of course, changing out the titanium, all of that took time, and then doing the test after that. My goodness. Spacex really delivered something magnificent, and that is speed. Without question. I dont think anybody would have lead the speed with which spacex delivered, and they did in fact deliver. Do you have anything to add to that . No, i think jim said it really well. It was not like we did not have issues. We had things to solve, and we have learned a ton that the spacex team and the nasa team together, working hand in glove together, with all of these problems together, we tackle them, solve them, and your out how to get there. Without the spacex folks making it happen so quickly, we would not be here today. Thank you. Next is lauren with the verge. Thank you for taking my question. It is for anyone who can answer it. I am wondering if there was anything on expect during the launch today . I thought i heard something on the livestream about some component being lower than expected. Just wondering if everything went as planned or if you had any hiccups along the way . Thanks. So, really the count was, i would say, spectacularly quiet. Everybody said, oh, and then as prop, theading the only thing we saw was it was actually something we have seen while we were unloading on wednesday and we had a prop, the only thing we sensor that was reading in a way that we had to go and understand why it was reading in that particular manner, and we had to understand what happened if it failed, and then it would have been an area where it is jimstream, so we talked to before about how does the team work together. One of the things we learned was how to take a piece of data, like sensor data, and go understand what that data is telling us and then be able to clear it, which is why we were able to fly to our understanding of what the issue was, and then turn that around in a short amount of time. What that takes is two groups of folks who have been working with each other for a while and understand what the vehicle was trying to tell them. I thought, oh, my goodness, we are going to have this issue after all the other stuff, now we are going to have this issue, and i was impressed with how the joint teams together looked at the sensor, understood the phenomena, bearded, and continued to work. Next, irene of the nation week aviation week. Congratulations, everybody. That was super impressive. My question i think is for kath y. What has to happen from this point on for you to feel august 30 ort an Early September launch mission can happen . Tanks. Thank you. Kathy i am very proud of the spacex team for another reason. We had our crew on vehicle to get in two checkouts, which is really where the spacecraft assembled and we are in one of the final testing modes. Last night i got an email that said they were in prop checkouts, going through. The system ise leaktype and operating and critical manner. That is the first thing for the vehicle to be ready. The other thing we have to do is our sure, one, we dock vehicle because this is a test flight, and make sure we take on that learning that we are going to have from the docking and roll it into readiness for crew one. And then we also have to make sure we are understanding, get through landing and make sure we are taking that understanding and any issues we have with landing and then rolling that into crew line. So our team is getting the vehicle ready, and we are also watching this Demonstration Mission and the ensure that our learning out of the test flight is enrolled into how we will fly through one. He watched it keep watching along the way. Eal, we will beer floating along as we learn along the way, but these tests rights are important for the next mission. J next question comes from eff. Hi, this is jeff with space news. Are there any issues you are watching on the crew dragon as it approaches the space station . Anything you will be keeping your fingers across over the remaining hours. . Remaining hours through docking . Thing, the nice thing about us having the unproved mission is we were able to check out a lot of the missions on the unproved system. That had to do it docking. Everybody saw last spring how successful our demo one mission was to the docking phase. You always learn something with spaceflight. Now having the crew on board and understanding how the spacecraft and the crew operated the system, and then how that total system then obviously works with us approaching station will be another big thing we are learning. Obviously people forget and kirk alluded to it, us understanding how to be dock with station and operate within station is a big part of learning for the crew. This is for our first longduration mission, where we will be doing integrated operations with the space station for a long amount of to bewhich is also going a huge learning opportunity for us. Are veryt flights important for us to not only learn how the vehicle works, but how we are operating it. We have learned a lot about how to try to fly with whether, how to operate with these systems. It is going to be really important for us now to learn how to do the docking piece, but then learn how to be part of enterprise that is the International Space station. You could probably add to it. It is a complicated system. First, i promise good weather tomorrow. Kathy excellent. We did have a solar flare, but i dont think that will impact our operations. There are a series of tests along the way. There are additional tests. Fly will take over and manually, and the crew on board the dragon are monitoring how the vehicle comes in, and aboard the iss they will be monitoring it. So it is how does the crew on the dragon and on the international waystation handle that . Of course, equalizing the pressures, making sure there are no leaks when it has made it to the iss, and finally training the crew to come across the hatch and how the iss works and be a part of that bigger, integrated team. I think there are a tremendous amount of things to learn along the way. Onhave an experienced crew the iss and on dragon. I think it will go really well. Im sure we will learn a few things along the way. Thank you. Our next question is from times of london. Hello. Thank you and congratulations. My question is for elon. You said last week you had told boysnd dougs two little that you would do everything you can to bring them home safe. Even with a state launch on the way, that must weigh on you through the mission. I wonder if you could share personal insight into what that is like to have that sponsor ability, not just with your spacex hat on, but as a dad. Thank you. Home. Sk it really hit their lives are at stake, and it really hits home. So, you know, so we still have to dock at the space station, we still have to return. Just knowing that the return is more dangerous in some ways than the ascent, so in order so we have not declared victory yet. We have bring them home safely. Make sure we are doing everything we can to minimize the risk of reentry and return of the crew. We are able to do that with the demo one, so we were able to retire a lot of risk with the reentry there. Anyway. Im getting choked up here. Yet, im getting choked up. Sorry. Im not sure i can answer your question with more than that except that we will do everything we can to make sure they get home safely. Our next question comes from marina koren. Congratulations on the launch. Do bob and doug want to dock manually to the iss instead of letting dragon do it . Are they allowed to, or can they only take over if there is an emergency or problem . Admin. Bridenstine the plan is automatic on debut automatic rendezvous and docking. If they needed to do something manually, they could, but we are planning to test automatic rendezvous and docking. I just want to reiterate something elon talked about. There is no doubt that bob and are on elons mind all the time, but that is not just on his mind. He has made that throughout the culture at spacex. We did an assessment of the culture at spacex, and it came back extremely strong. It is on the mind father and the are on the minds of everybody, all the way down to the line worker and all the way to the top. Everybody at spacex knows what is at stake here. I will say i was very impressed with what i saw in that Safety Assessment that we conducted and i think all of our nasa team was impressed with it, as well. It is not just elon but his whole team. He has made that go all the way down to every person that works at spacex. You are called they are called the dads, which may have something to do with their age. I can say that because they are on orbit. [laughter] it will be a few months before maybe they come back and kick me, but they are called the two dads. You should have a dad joke or something. [laughter] add to thatike to because it plays back to an earlier question on how spacex estate vocus nonhuman spaceflight coming out of cargo. Part of that is the relationship built. I know recently over the past year, i think it was 32 straight weeks that bob and doug were out there at hawthorne with the spacex team, and they have really built a close relationship. You can see it in the eyes and smiles when they see each other, and that goes along way i think in this, so kathy i think what is really, really cool is the part number for their suit and seats has their names and it. Names in it. Elong, you guys have done a great job to personalize. Easy toculture is not achieve or get through the organization. This Safety Assessment we did indicated that was the case. That we i want to say would not have achieved this without the support of your team from nasa. Nasa made its way better than we would have been. He cannot have even gotten started without nasa, so thank you for your support. Admin. Bridenstine lets celebrate safety when we get them home. Mr. Musk totally. Admin. Bridenstine that is good. Our next question is from ivan crone. Thank you very much. Question elon musk, could you expand on starship and about when you expect will go around the room . Mr. Musk [laughter] i tend to be a little optimistic about schedules. [laughter] im optimistic in general, so that is credited, too. I dont know. Guess, i would wish we could do it in two years. I dont know. That might mean four. [laughter] i dont know. I think it isnt out of the question if it is two years. I would be surprised if it is more than four. Ok. Our next question is from dave mosher of business insider. Thank you for taking my question and congratulations on an amazing launch. This is for elon. You have been working toward the launch for 18 years and have encountered resistance along the way. I think even at nasa at one point. What would you say to those who doubted spacex could do this . Do you have a message for them . In your last conversation with bob and doug, can you talk about what you said . Mr. Musk my pleasure. Did i hear the first question properly . Dave . Yes, im sorry . You cannot hear the question . Could you repeat it, please . Sorry about that. I said you have been working on this for years and encountered resistance. I think from nasa at the beginning. What would you say to those who doubted spacexs could do this . Do you have a message for them . And what was your last conversation with bob and doug . Mr. Musk do i have a message for those who what . Doubted. Mr. Musk maybe i just blank after the word doubt. [laughter] to be totally frank, i doubted us, too. Startedt maybe when we spacex, we had a 10 chance to reach orbit. To those who doubted us, i would say, you are probably right. Told were times that i was that we had money from paypal and rolling into create spacex, and that was not the intention, but and almost both Companies Went bankrupt. 2008 was a tough year. It took us four times to get orbit. A lot of times, people tell me this joke like how do you make small fortune in rocket space . You start with a large one. Im like, i already heard that joke 4000 times. [laughter] true. , it always came we just barely made it there. That fourth launch of falcon one, that was all the money we had that launch. And that wasnt even enough to save the company. Onalso had to get back track, and that came after, a little bit later toward the end of 2008. Those are the two key things that save spacex. Otherwise, we would not have made it. Assessments those were correct, but fate smiled upon us and brought us this day. Anything else you can add about bob and doug before they launched . Patrick well, i mentioned earlier that they were calm and focused. For bothhat this was of them a chance to get back to space. They felt it was a privilege to represent nasa and Astronaut Corps in this endeavor. I guarantee they are going to enjoy their time on the international playstation. Chris joked with them when they did not get up first time, i think the administrator heard that they were trying to get out thehe weekend, claiming iss, but they will be glad to get there and glad to come by. We will take our last question from space. Com. Hi, thank you for taking my weston and congratulate question and congratulations. I was wondering if you could talk about what else bob and doug will be doing now that they completed their manual flight test . I heard they would taking a nap at some point, but what else is on the to do list for bob and doug between now and docking . Kathy well, you know, they did their demo, select elon mentioned, they got to manually fly the vehicle. They will be doing another demonstration closer to the space station. People forget that the reason we bob and doug to fly this was because of their experience as test pilots. The actually had developed cadre to have an experienced remember working with the company to make sure that they were able to help them as they were working through their designs and developing their systems. This is kind of cool because this is bob and doug get to actually fly the work they have been helping work and develop and figure out how is it really working on orbit . The other thing they get to do you know, able the ecosystem is working. They get to see, are things cooling . Feel . The seats and suits can you get in and out . How easy are those functions going to be . The not going to talk about waste functions, but that is part of it, and how approach feels i know that jim was able to use a simulator, but now they have this to simulator with the International Space station that they will be able to actually come up to, doc, and see how thatk works and matches dock, and see how that works and matches. Thing reallyreal approximate what you have and practicing on for the last two years . They will now be able to come back, and for the next cruise going up, they will be able to share, hey, this is how it really felt and how the systems work, and be able to share that experience with the crew one crew that is now training. They are doing a very, very important function for up coming cruise that will really be the longduration crewmembers, and will be flying to the space station. Admin. Bridenstine i can promise you the hardest thing they will do tomorrow is when they are done flying there near manual, it is to hand it back over to the computers and not docket themselves. To answer an earlier question, that is what they would enjoy doing. To get it back will be a little bit hard for them. Kathy doug was really good at teaching jim how to buy it. Yes, he hopes you doc, right . He helped anstine lot. It was fantastic. [laughter] that was our last question. Some Closing Remarks from the administrator. Admin. Bridenstine sure. This was a great day for the United States of america. It does represent many years of work. I want to say a question came up earlier about doubters and people who do not believe this could ever have happened. There was a day when charlie bold, my predecessor at nasa as the administrative, was trying to get this program off the ground in a significant way, and he had members of congress on both sides of the aisle against it and would not adequately funded, and ultimately gave him a hard time about it. The marine corps general persevered and he pushed through, and that was the beginning of what we all get to experience today, and so i want to emphasize that. I also want to emphasize how bob and doug were joking with each other earlier today when i had the opportunity to be with them, and they were joking. Doug hurleys last Space Shuttle mission got scrubbed five times before they launched the six time. Of course, bob duncan is saying that hurley is the jinx, and therefore, they will not lunch today either. , howe them loose like that they were joking, and seemingly having fun on the day of the launch, even though what they anddoing is serious nerves of steel. These are just american heroes. I want to make sure we are keeping them in mind, and of course, e line, spacex, and your team going back to what we talked about a few moments ago, you dont call them bob and doug, you call them the dads because that is what they are and you keep that foremost in your mind. This is a great day for all of america. It has been a long time, nine years since we have had the opportunity, and of course, we saidere now, and as elon earlier, theres 10 behind us that have made it happen. 10,000 people behind us that have made it happen. I think it is closer to 100,000. Its a great day for the United States of america and are international partners. Toember, crew one is going be an international mission. We are very excited about this. I want to say congratulations to everybody. We are not celebrating yet. We will celebrate when they are home safely, but certainly, we can breathe size of relief every step along the way, and that is what we are doing today. Congratulations to spacex and elon musk. Congratulations to the nasa team that got us to this position, and we look forward to so many things ahead. Thats going to wrap it up or us here at Kennedy Space center. You can continue watching hour live coverage until the International Space station and docking and hatch opening and the arrival at the iss. Docking is scheduled for 10 29 eastern time. Right after this broadcast, we from bob, so we will have more information. Information,ific go to nasa. Gov commercialcrew. Go, spacex. Go, nasa. Go, bob and doug, and go, america. Thank you. Cspans washington journal, live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. Coming up sunday morning, author Kate Anderson brower discusses her new book, team of five the president s club in the age of trump. John malcolm talks about Senate Republicans efforts to investigate the origins of the russia probe. Watch cspans washington journal live at 7 00 eastern sunday morning. Join the discussion. After taking off from the Kennedy Space center, the First Manned Mission to launch from u. S. Soil since 2011, the spacex crew dragon scheduled to dock at the u. S. Space station. The docking is scheduled for sunday at 10 20 a. M. Eastern time. We will have live coverage of online ats cspan. Org, or listen live on the free cspan radio app. Minnesota Governor Tim Walz along with the mayors of minneapolis and st. Paul held a briefing on protests and rioting following the death of george floyd while in police custody. The situationsaid in minneapolis is no longer in any way about the murder of george floyd. He also said the Minnesota National guard is being mobilized, and authorities are looking into