From microsoft and walmart. This is under an hour. Good afternoon, everyone. If we could have our seats to begin the last session today. I think this is a very impressive gathering as we have our last session and the reflection on the quality of our speakers. And the importance of this topic. I am chair of the ngas Economic Development and commerce committee. Delighted to be joined by Governor John Hickenlooper and the panelists today that we will be introduced shortly. As we begin, the topic is state economies and the future of work. As i look around, everybodys economy is booming. In arkansas, last year we reached the lowest Unemployment Rate in the history of the state. Whenever you reach that low Unemployment Rate, as is in many of our states, you look at how we can expand our working population, it increased the training, particularly those who may have been difficult to find a job, dont have the level of training needed. That is the challenge we all face. In arkansas, we have done a couple of things, in terms of technology. We initiated our Computer Science initiative to have computer coding in every high school, which has moved down to middle school and lower grades. The partnership of Technology Companies has been an important part of moving 6000 of our students into computer coding classes. There has been a 400 increase since we started the initiative. It is not just about technology. We want to make sure they have job opportunities. We invested 2 million into accelerator programs, which partners with industry to bring in top talent that might have Innovative Solutions in the tech field. As they come in, it is our hope that they will and some blows, it even though some come back to where they came from. It gives us an opportunity to accelerate the development of Technology Companies in arkansas. Going back to the initial of the low Unemployment Rate and how you bring people in. This is a challenge. We should increase training of workers and those who have a hard time making sure they have the skill level necessary. Whenever you are looking at the potential of medicaid work requirements for the ablebodied, you have to enhance the capability of workforce services, which we are doing. I look forward to this discussion as to how we can match the skills we are training for with the workforce that is needed. With that introduction, let me turn it over to governor hickenlooper. I want to welcome guests. Brett smith from microsoft, brad smith from microsoft, kathleen mclaughlin. I have to brag about how hard we worked around workforce, but our unemployment went down 2. 2 . 2. 3 . For the year the average was 2. 7 , we are aware of the importance of getting the right trained employees to the businesses when they need them. Two things are absolutely etched in most of our minds, almost all governors are now fully aware that 67 of our kids are not going to get a 4 year degree. We have turned our backs in so many ways. The other thing that we have to be cognizant of is the onrush of automation and Artificial Intelligence. There is going to be such disruption in what jobs are. Whole professions are going to get washed out. Our ability to retrain vast numbers of people on a continuous basis over the next decade is going to be a challenge one of the most difficult challenges any governor faces. Colorado has one of the top staying colorado is one of the top 10 states for venture capital. They asked for the training we have. For a longterm we got away with quality of life. Wed lure people with right training. Now you have to address the skills by trying to align workforce and education initiatives that we have to be in concert with our Employer Needs. We have been incentivizing apprenticeship, and matching skills with Employer Needs through skillful. Com. I also want to thank the 19 governors who have joined the skillful network. It was originally a partnership with linkedin. Michael crow, he was one of the original partners. The members are going to have an opportunity to access the network for tools, data, they are going to learn how to implement the tools and utilize assets in the playbook. That is all shared tools for everybody. They are going to be able to share and learn from the unique insight and experiences from each other. Skillful has worked very hard to make sure this will be taking each others good idea and trying to make them better. We have a message of engagement within the labor market. Within a constant platform of advisory support from the skillful staff. And really they have a National Base of real cross Sector Networks of National Leaders and partners. If your name is not up on that list, the information is there. This is an open effort, we would love and welcome everyone else to come in. Microsoft and linkedin continue to be strong partners of this. Both of them have been supportive of this. I cant possibly express how grateful i am. Im going to turn it over to jay inslee, hes going to do the introduction. I appreciate that i get to make a great introduction. Our states have superstars, ohio has lebron james, in Washington State we have brad smith. The reason he is a superstar is he is a culture of our Career Connect Washington Initiative that aims to connect 100,000 people with advanced new skill sets and innovative ways of providing those skill sets. We had a kickoff of our first report on this effort. I told him he is a rare Business Leader because he is as successful in the Public Policy field as he is in microsoft. He is doing that by helping us build an apprenticeship model where every kid can get access to advanced model computers. Coding, we have the first Apprenticeship Program. I want to thank you for helping share your experiences. Brad thank you. I see so many states represented here. Colorado and arkansas have been leaders. What i wanted to do is take 10 minutes and give you perspective on the things we have been learning as a company, addressing what we call the opportunity gaps that exist across the country. We are doing well, nationally, and we are doing well in most states when it you look at the economy. What you also find is there are people being left behind. An interesting Study Released recently, you can see the map. I think we all recognize we live in a country characterized by prosperity by zip code. Where you live has a huge impact on how you do. As we spend more time trying to address this issue, the thing we learn is a big part of what we are dealing with is two Important Technology gaps. They come together as we think about the future of work. One is the broadband gap, the other is the Digital Skills gap. Let me talk about the broadband gap. We have spent a lot of time on this in the past year. I feel we have reached a point as a country, as a planet, where we need to recognize broadband has become a necessity of life. The future of health care really is telemedicine. The future of education is digital education. The future of agriculture is precision farming. The future of business requires broadband. It is not an exaggeration in my view to say broadband has become the electricity of the 21st century. We need to treat it that way. What is interesting is we all know that in many parts of america, Rural Counties have not yet entered the broadband age. That is having a huge impact on opportunities for people. There are over 25 Million People in the United States who lack access to broadband. That number is almost certainly understated. The fcc found that 19 million of the 25 Million People live in Rural Counties. We took the data that the fcc put out and put together this map. You see the counties in darker red where two thirds of the people lack access to broadband. You can see counties across the country. You can go less than 100 miles from the Nations Capital and you get into territory where broadband is hard to find. We also took the fccs data and put it with census data to make this map. This is a county by county basis the number of people in different parts of the United States in Rural Counties who lack Broadband Access. When you are talking about almost 20 Million People, there are a lot of people everywhere. What is also interesting is to look at this on a statebystate basis. There are 21 states where more than one third of the population still lacks access to broadband. This list of states, with the top being the highest percentage of people lacking Broadband Access. You can see there are people all over the country in significant numbers according to the fcc who basically like something most people in the unit is dates now take for granted. The United States now takes for granted. All of this led us as a company to embark on a new Initiative One year ago. We said the country needs a National Strategy to eliminate this broadband gap by the middle of 2022. We think the strategy needs to have three parts. Hybrid technology, a variety of different technologies, including new technology. There needs to be adequate from by the fcc to close the last mile with Wireless Technology in a much cheaper way. There needs to be public support by the federal and state government, especially for capital investment. The other thing we launched was our air band initiative. We committed as a company to partner with others to reach 2 Million People who dont have Broadband Access to date in Rural Counties. We said we would not make any money from them, we will reinvest all of the profits to reach more people. We undertook directly to reach 2 Million People by the middle of 2022. We have been working, we set 13 states on our list for the first year. We are making steady progress in identifying partners, negotiating, and setting up agreements in these 13 states with the goal of expanding to other states after this first year. Today, we are announcing one of these partnerships. We are announcing a group an agreement with packer. This is an initiative that will have microsoft work with packer land broadband. We will bring conductivity to over 80,000 people in northern wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula in michigan. 50,000 of these people have no access to broadband today. Those are the only people that actually count toward the 2 million goal, the goal is to reach those who dont have connectivity so far. We are also accelerating investments in hardware. What we found is we need to bring down the cost of new forms of hardware to make it cheaper for operators to offer new forms of technology and cheaper for people to get this service. We are coinvesting with hardware makers in new chips. We are also helping to organize a Buyers Consortium so across the Company People can get the economies of scale that we believe will be fundamental to driving down costs and accelerating innovation. One thing i also wanted to show you, i am hoping you may help, the need for better data. We cant bring the equivalent of electricity to every house if we cant find the houses that lack the equivalent of electricity. Since the fcc put out its report, there have been reports popping up across the country, the West VirginiaBroadband Commission put out a report. They looked at the map and found it is vastly understated. This is one of the bigger issues we are having to work through as we address this problem. Let me give you an illustration of why the problem exists. Washington state is like many states. In king county, where seattle is, the Unemployment Rate in december was 3. 6 . In ferry county, a county in northeastern washington, the Unemployment Rate in december was 14. 1 . Every state has a ferry county. I ask the question, do the people in this county with this high on a planet rate have access to broadband . The fcc says yes they do. But what made base their data what they base their data on is a questionnaire. They ask Internet Service providers if they do or if they could, without extraordinary commitment of cost, provide broadband. If they do, or if they could, they count that census block, even if only one person in that block could get broadband. If you live in ferry county and go to the fcc, and find there is not one, but two isps that could provide you broadband. If you go to the websites of these isps, they show you where they provide this service. The first one is not in ferry county, the second one is not in ferry county. We decided to go ask some people in ferry county whether they have access to broadband. Here are some of their comments. They ran the test of their service. They told us how poor their service is. With this captures is the way what this captures is the way real people are living real lives. My favorite is the second, the person who has to bring the laptop into town in their car to download windows updates from microsoft. I am happy the person has a small computer. That is the real world. We are not going to make the kinds of progress we need to make as a nation in any state in closing this gap unless we develop better data so we can drive this forward. That is just the first part of the problem, there is also the Digital Skills gap. You all will probably be hearing more about it as this progresses. It is such a fundamental issue. From our perspective, it is captured in the number of jobs the country has created that require a degree in Computer Science. Then you compare it to the number of Computer Science degrees we are producing as a nation. You can see it is only at about 10 of the demand. If you look at the nations high schools, one of the things you see is there are 40,000 42,000 high schools in the country. We are making progress, but even after that progress, we still have fewer than 8000 high schools that are offering the advanced placement course in Computer Science. We clearly need to do better. This is an area we are focusing on as we bring broadband projects into each area, we are in partnering people to equip people with broadband and put it to work. We have a National Program called Technology Education in Technology Education and literacy in schools, were we recruit volunteers from microsoft and other companies. We have over 1000 volunteers working in 344 high schools in 29 states. Volunteers from the tech sector are teaching with the math or Science Teachers so that after a couple of years, the math and Science Teacher is also the Computer Science teacher. This fall, we will be in over 500 schools. This is indicative in the kinds of steps we need to continue to take so we can join the ranks of arkansas and rhode island, where there has been some of the fastest progress. Need been need we then to connect these Digital Skills efforts with clear pathways that governor hickenlooper mentioned. We are the biggest funder of the skillful initiative. We see it as an important path towards the future. It is what we are working on in Washington State. Really bringing the Business Community together with community colleges, with organized labor, with the k12 system, so we can create new opportunities for people who dont want or need a Fouryear College degree to find better pathways in the workforce. It is interesting both governor hickenlooper and governor ensley time in switzerland, as have i. There is clearly something in the water or the mountains that we need to adapt the United States, we can learn from them in terms of how everybody comes together. That is what we believe we need. We need to look at the world counties across this country Rural Counties across this country, and use the same ingenuity we use to rebuild europe and pursue a Marshall Plan for our own country. We believe there is a lot the private sector can do. That is the kind of things we and walmart are focused on doing. We need to bring the public and private sectors together in new ways. We need to ensure the people who live in the rural parts of this country have the future they deserve. They deserve a Brighter Future than the one they are looking at right now. Thank you very much. [applause] thank you, brad. That message resonates. Thank you for microsofts leadership in bringing Broadband Access to all areas of our country. It is critically important. Now it is my pleasure to introduce somebody that is very important to the state of arkansas, that is kathleen mclaughlin, the president of the Walmart Foundation. She is Senior Vice President in chief sustainability officer for walmart, inc. She has a great background, she has been at walmart for some time. She replaced sylvia burwell, who went on to hhs in the previous administration. We are delighted to have kathleen, who spent 20 years with mckinsey and company. She is also a road scholar, she has incredible business experience, as well as Academic Experience in this arena. Let me address this incredible partnership the walmart has been and how important they are to the state of arkansas. Lester, 1. 4 billion in cash and kind contributions. 1 billion in food donations. It is a generous company. They respond to disasters, the needs across our country, but they are particularly meaningful as the largest employer in the state of arkansas. Please join me in welcoming kathleen mclaughlin. [applause] kathleen thank you, governor hutchinson. Governor hickenlooper, it is a pleasure and an honor to be here with the Economic Development and Congress Committee today. We share your focus on Economic Development. We believe that business can play a key role. You just heard from brad one way that could come about. I would like to talk about some ways that walmart is attempting to play a role that can be a model for other companies. As a background on that, to really grounded in a perspective that business exists to serve society. That is true in many obvious ways. We serve customers, bring affordable, safe food, apparel, other products to people around the world. Employing people, providing Economic Growth opportunities for suppliers, these are all pretty straightforward ways that this is true. For us, it goes beyond that. We believe that companies create shared value. Companies will maximize their Business Performance when they are addressing the most important issues for society. Whether it is access to food, apparel, other things, or even beyond that. We believe healthy, highperforming companies have an obligation to give back to society. In doing so, it strengthens business. In the long run, the interest of business and society converge. Everything we are doing at walmart, we did through the shared value. We take it we take a deliberate approach to it. Whether you are talking about Broadband Access, Economic Development, sustainable supply chains, we are trying to improve the system as a whole in a way that creates this shared value. We like to lead through our business. It has become part and parcel of the way business gets done. We also do nothing without collaboration with others in the ecosystem. I will talk about that more, because it is important to the Economic Development approach. For us, we have three broad issues where we think supply goes above every day in our retail. One is economic opportunity. It has to do with how we use our jobs and purchase orders create Economic Growth and mobility for people. The second is sustainable supply chains, social and environmental sustainability. The third is about local community. What we can do being present in 10,000 communities around the world. We sat back a couple of years ago and said what does opportunity look like for walmart . Walmart, retail in general, has always been a great access point for people into the workforce. Very low barriers, people can get a good start, they can acquire skills on the job, learn what they need to learn to move up. 75 of our store managers started as hourly people. Our ceo started unloading trucks. This is certainly the case for leaders at walmart. It may not be the experience of everyone who showed up for a job at walmart. We said to ourselves how can we make that more systematic . A couple of years ago, we took a look at it. We came at it through our business, and what we could do a run job advancement. The other was the Walmart Foundation, the Retail Sector and the Service Sector. For walmart associates, we did a couple of things. We invested about 2. 7 billion in higher starting wages, higher wages throughout the wage structure, and training. Back in 2015, we did another uptick about a month ago, we also expanded familyfriendly benefits. All with the view of saying how do we provide more stability in those early years when they are first coming on board and we can help them as they are there starting out . They are earning while they are learning. It leads to the second part, the investment in training. We have done this a couple of ways. A program called pathways, entry level, every walmart associate goes through this. It is a 90 day program when they come on board. These are basic foundational skills for employment. Soft skills, technical skills, we invested in a study through the Walmart Foundation with the National Skills coalition. They found that in the Service Sector of america, 48 Million People working in the Service Sector at large, two thirds of the people have fundamental literacy gaps. Three quarters of the people have fundamental numeracy gaps. That is the starting point. How can you advance in your career if that is where you are . That was the first thing, how can people come in and learn the basics. Then we layered on top of that something called the walmart academy. We built 200 classrooms across the country, attached to stores. They are within a onehour drive time of any associate in walmart in america. We are using those academies to build more advanced skills. Its the next stage in the ladder for people. These are supervisory skills, Digital Skills, specialty skills around produce management or electronics, Customer Service skills, retail management, inventory management, these kinds of credentials and skills. By the end of last year, we have trained 250,000 people through the academy. That is scale. What we trying to do is create a flexible platform for people to come in, start out, and work, and earn while they learn, learn while they earn. That is one part of the program. The second part has been the Walmart Foundation. What we have done is launched a 100 million philanthropic program. These are grants that apply to walmart to help the Retail Sector, and more broadly, the Service Sector, adopt skillsbased practices. To make trading and upscale of incumbent workers the norm. We believe what we are doing for our associates we need to happen in america across the sector more broadly to really reach its potential. Just as an example, one of the grant that we gave was 10. 9 million to the chicago county workforce to the chicago county workforce. They built a retail Training Center to train people in retail for advancement in retail jobs. Then they we granted most of that money to 10 other workforce boards around the country for them to do something similar. It was a competitive rop, had to pick the champions and funded them. One of the winners was the denver workforce boards. They used their grants to create an Apprenticeship Program in hospitality and the Service Sector. They also created the denver concessionaire training consortium. This is all of the retail shops around the airport to band together and say we are teaching, and, hiring for common skills, lets do it together and train our incumbent workers to advance more quickly. There is a similar model to what we have been trying to do at walmart. This arena of upscaling incumbent workers training, our vision is people would start to get credits that are recognized externally for the work they do, let alone the programs. We think it is a big idea and something we are trying to accelerate and advance more broadly. The second way we are trying to drive Economic Growth is through supplier development. We committed a number of years back to an incremental 250 billion worth of product over a 10 year period from u. S. Suppliers. Some of that is new manufacturing, facilities, on shoring, reshoring. As an example, governor hutchinson, we have been sourcing about 7 billion of rotted from arkansas companies, thats about 1100 from arkansas companies,. Colorado to give a feel, is to is to billion dollars in is 2 billion in sourcing. We are actively looking for those opportunities to match customer demand with local suppliers, job creation, Economic Growth. That continues to be a big priority for us. Just to show you some examples, there are a couple of products appear. Nook in wisconsin is one of our suppliers. Bully bone dog toys, that is one of my favorite. The third way we are trying to make a difference is around the future of work in light of technology advances. Ai, automation, so one, that future is here. There is no question technology is already radically changing jobs. If you look at kids going into Primary School today, 65 of them will be doing jobs that dont even exist today. Thats from a World Economic forum study they did. There is going to be massive change in jobs. The skills that are required, as well. We believe the work structures, policies, the norms that have been in place since the industrial revolution, they have to change radically. We need a lot more flexibility, creativity, we are testing and experimenting. I think there are big implications, things we are wrestling with at walmart right now. One is the question of Lifelong Learning. Gone are the days when somebody trained and got a job, then did it for the rest of their life. We need a world where people start out getting training, but there needs to be the Lifelong Learning and ability to do it while still working. Number two, we have to solve the desire that people have for flexibility in their working life, but still have stability. That is going to be a big one for all of us. Third, we think it is vital that policymakers and Companies Embrace the technology. There is going to be a temptation to say lets slow down. We have to embrace it as a society, that allows growth create more jobs that lets us get ahead of the changes. Technology has also helped accelerate learning. We are experimenting with vr, ar in training facilities. Finally, everything we can do to accelerate shifts in Workforce Development to make it more skillsbased. The way we hire, instead of relying on pedigree, and finding to see what skills people have. States are laboratories of democracy. States are places that innovation and policy, places of implementation and experimentation with policy. We are excited that is an employer as an employer at the prospect of partnering with states, with education providers, with other companies to experiment with different approaches to Workforce Development and advancement. We think together we can experiment around ways to build in flexibility for training, education, compensation, benefits, so we are unlocking opportunity for people for advancement while still preserving stability and what people need to thrive in life. We are very optimistic about what lies ahead and look forward to partnering with folks in this room and many others to make it a reality. [applause] gov. Hutchinson thank you, kathleen. A very specific presentation discussion about the workforce today. I notice you started out at an entry job, low skill, but then had opportunity for more training. You also have the tech jobs. Walmart is not just a retail store, it is a logistics and technological center. Let me start off the question, i want to ask you the question. Maybe governor hickenlooper will turn it open. Can you talk about the challenges for recruiting the tech expertise that you need in your logistics and tech side of the business . Kathleen absolutely. A lot of people hear the word retailers and think of the store, but we have pharmacists, largest stations, we have supplied people in washington, d. C. Comave a massive dot business, a massive ecommerce business with folks from Silicon Valley to arkansas. There is a war for talent for those jobs. We are recruiting folks every day. Colleges and universities, so on. Were also grating pathways from we are also creating pathways from within walmart. We envision a day where people can come in and start, then find their way into technology. We have a number of folks who have started that. They started through a series of developmental promotions and became engineers and so on. We are going to need all of the above. We want a lattice of flexible career paths where people can start from any number of places. Based on the passion and access to upscaling and education, move up that ladder. Gov. Hutchinson governor hickenlooper. Gov. Hickenlooper as we started doing this apprenticeship work and skillsbased discussion, we we got a number from the private sector. Walmart has been very supportive. It is the beginning of a transfer across the responsibility in the development of the young people in this country. What i would really like to shout out, how willing you are to embrace that. Within that, there is the Smaller Companies to do apprenticeships. They have not gotten up to scale yet. That is a great question. We have to think about shared responsibility when it comes to education and training. That is key. We live in a country where we look to the public sector, there is the fundamental responsibility to educate our youth. It would be a shame to lose that. I think there are some important areas where there can be collaboration between the public and private sector. The first is not to tell teachers how to teach. We have run into that roadblock in other places. To do a better job and be better connected provide information on the skills we need to have in order to fill the jobs created. That is the beauty of what works in switzerland. There is over 250 different apprenticeship categories. As you alluded to, i do think there are new opportunities for the private sector to actually create more apprenticeships. When you look at the graduation rate, i think you have to ask, if somebody can go to an apprenticeship and go to work three days a week and go to class for two days a week, would they actually drop out . They would see that rate drop massively. As we are seeing in colorado and other places, it creates this pathway to jobs we have difficulty filling. The third thing we need to do is resuscitate the importance of testing on the job. If you look at the statistics, Business Investment and employee training has fallen in the last 15 years. If you go back to the 1980s and 1990s when automation took off. Businessesrecognize we had to train everybody how to use a computer. It has fallen off, especially with Artificial Intelligence and these new technologies. I think we need to look again at our investments in the training of our own people. Then we will have the right combination of steps. You have a systematic scale that you are training people. There has been some talk about how do you measure this, that other retailers, so similar to do inventory. How can someone recognize that is a shared responsibility they need and would want. They can hire your people and get to a much more positive outcome. Is that something possible in the future . That is a vision we have for this sector. There is a lot of commonality in the skills you need for entrylevel and management. More broadly in the Service Sector, hospitality, there is a class of jobs that have very similar requirements. Through the Walmart Foundation program, we have been looking we have been working with other retailers and other kinds of employers. Weare looking at how to dish we are looking at how to recognize that. How do you create portability and affordability of curriculum so people can get those skills and trade on them . Thanks to our cochair. The governor introduced brad smith has been from washington, he is. You are sitting next to a packers fan because brad is from appleton, wisconsin. [laughter] it is a good project. I appreciate your recent i appreciate both of your presentations. You talked about broadband and skills. In both of those cases, governors can help out you alluded to both briefly. We were talking about that fcc report. Bodies that deal with broadband and Public Service commissions. We can push back and show the examples you gave in the spring, that can be corrected. If we are trying to connect the dots and make sure we have access. We want to make sure the people know. We have been asking the fcc to approve those white spaces that we think is another tool to lay down fiber networks. That is incredibly helpful. The second part is on the skills. There is the advanced placement courses. Some of the folks from microsoft, it was at the milwaukee meeting. We hosted it for nga in the summer meetings. I have a tough ask said the people from microsoft. They wanted us to declare Computer Science month. Could you consider in some point in the future working with your state to make sure Computer Science courses count for math and science requirements . Three months later i signed the law. For those of you who have not that, consider it. Beyond advanced computer placement, just having Computer Science is a requirement for graduation, that counts were science or math, it goes so far. Nothing against calculus, for a lot of kids Computer Science is more useful on their career path than calculus. A lot of them will not take it because it doesnt count for high school graduation. A great presentation. Those are just two things the state can do to help you. I would say thank you. I endorse everything you said. There were nine states in the country that recognized that a Computer Science could fill a requirement. That is up to 34. There are 16 states if you look at those 16 states, to try and figure how to take a Computer Science course, it will not help you graduate. Let me pile on, thank you for being here. Maybe you want to expand on your presentation of tv white spaces about how the complaint and will roll in agriculture. I have to admit, everything i learned about technology i learned from Governor Program from the governor. We are very enthusiastic about this. When you look at the past, we still had terrestrial television broadcasts. They used between 600 and 800 megahertz. One of the defining characteristics of that spectrum, the signal is traveling a great distance. It is going up and down hills, through trees and the like. But we have been doing since this decade began is using that spectrum to provide broadband services. We have done this in 17 countries. This is now at a point where we believe it is poised to take off. Help close this gap. You have to have a tower that looks like a belltower but instead of transmitting a cellular signal, it broadcasts a signal in this spectrum. One of these towers will transmit in a radius of 10 miles. You dont have to build that many to reach an area. What some of in their home, or office is a receiver that would take that tv white space and convert it into wifi. What is going to make this, as part of the solution is two things. One is spectrum, it is what we had been arguing there needs to be 18 megahertz allocated for this. We feel we need 18 megahertz that can be used for this page for this to be bonded together and reach the high speeds. To bring down the cost, especially on the receiving end. That is a question of volume. That is why we are doing the work year and in other countries to build up the demand and volume. Before 2018 is over, you will be able to buy one of those receivers in your home for 300. At that point a Telecom Operator can build it into the cost of service. That is how we put the market to work and put technology to work to solve a key part of it. Quick question for you brad. Order that executive we are renaming kentucky to packer land. I do have a question about the methodology at 30,000 feet or who would be the right person to talk to about where you decide in america that you would go to provide thisservice of this service of assisting with access to broadband . Second question, the deals program. I was struck about how many states have no use of this incredible resource you have available. We only have a single teacher. I think the most i saw was 36. It doesnt seem like any of us using it to the degree we have need. How is deal how is the instead of involved . How can we do a better job of availing ourselves to these things . To answer the first. On a fewo go to places factors. Where are the people . We are trying to find a significant number that have a lack of Broadband Access. Number two, where is there a local Telecommunications Operator with whom we can partner. We are prepared to invest in the capital cost. We are not going to get into the telecommunications is this ourselves. On thing i talked to Governor Walker about is the role that governments can play. You probably know better than me. There are these familyowned companies, just giving some encouragement to add to their services. Then we would be giving some state Financial Support that would reduce the cost. We think this is important for two reasons. First, we can make our dollars go further. Then we work with local telephone companies. With a small family business, you do not want to put our capital at risk. State investments focused on the capital cost to get this running can stimulate growth. Areas in kentucky ,hat match those three criteria we will be very interested in talking especially as we lay down our plan. Sometimes we have ideas, sometimes volunteers have ideas. Sometimes, governors and other Public Officials have ideas. We are always in the marketfor in the market for good ideas. Interestingly, one of the very first schools in the country where we did this was in kentucky. That takes us back to the broadband question. If we can get broadband to a school, we are finding we can have volunteers anywhere. This is the best time to be asking the question. It will be determined the School District across the country. Microsoft would like to see this grow to 1500 over the next two years. We have that philanthropy arm which is great for making requests about the budget. That is something we will look at. We are coming towards the end of our time allotment. We got Governor Walker. Thank you for your presentations. Brad thank you for your passion. , the problem they have to me in those schools, in some of the locations is that they have a certain amount of time to download, print and be able to distribute the test in a certain amount of time. Before they get downloaded, they have timed out. It is so slow. I am very encouraged by what you had to say. My question to you, you mentioned wireless as the method. I have a lot of proposals about billion will fix this program. You think wireless will be the answer . I think wireless will be the answer in most places. We worked with a boston consulting group. What they found was it does not really take a hybrid mixture. You can look at rural areas and look at the population squaremile. If it is fewer than one person, it is going to be satellite. If it is more than 200 people per square mile, then you have numbers where you can look at fiber. The question is, what do you do for these areas that have one 200 people per square mile in populations where we believe there is a mixture of wireless . 4g, plus tv white spaces, i think in the next year or two it will be a mixture. Three to five to eight years from now, we will see that tv white spaces take over other things because of the nature of that spectrum. Thank you for answering the question about where we go. I appreciate that. Lets express our appreciation to the panel. [applause] with that, let me turn it back to governor sandoval. Good afternoon. My thanks to the panel. This is the final session of our meeting, i would like all of you in joining me for thanking the staff for their hard work in putting this conference together. [applause] i would also like to thank all of our sponsors for allowing this meeting a reality. The governors for your participation. This is benefit was meeting. It has been our best attended meeting. It has really created a a lot of momentum for this organization. We have indeed made history. Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your participation. We will see you in santa fe the the summer. The meeting is adjourned. [applause] cspans washington journal live every day with news and policy issues. Coming up, American Federation of state, county and municipal employees discusses the ruling on janice versus ashby and the impact it could have on unions. Mark janice lee plaintiff in the case and is attorney on Todays Supreme Court case. Will discuss the week ahead in washington. Be sure to watch cspans washington journal at 7 00 a. M. Join the discussion. Billy graham who died last week at the age of 99 will lie in honor at the u. S. Capitol this week for the public to pay respects. In Memorial Service picks place with paul ryan and mitch mcconnell. That happens wednesday and we have live coverage here on cspan. Announcer this week on q a, announcer this week on q a, Duke Divinity School professor and prosperity gospel scholar kate bowler. Professor bowler, who was diagnosed with incurable stage four cancer at age 35, discusses her memoir, everything happens for a reason and other lies i have loved