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Good morning. Thank you very much for being here. Know,e surgeon as you the Surgeon General is with us. The Surgeon General, all of you should know. I did not want you to hear the secret things i was saying. Now can you hear me . Do you want to hear me . [laughter] that is the most important thing. Ajoke i tell all of the time, man was giving a speech to about 500 people. A guy in the back raised his hand and said, senator, i cant review. A medially, a guy in front row jumped up and said i can and i will trade places with you. [laughter] i hope none of you trade places. Sheriff, good to see you. The Surgeon Generals family lives literally in my neighborhood. They are counting on you for protection. We have a lot of st. Marys people. Thank you very much for being here. Opioids is a crisis. Bad news is, is a crisis everywhere. The good news is, it is a crisis everywhere. What i mean by that is everybody in the congress, whether they , same areas,ural arundel,t, or anne l, urban,t is rura suburban, it is a crisis. You can go to the outermost arts of New Hampshire and they will tell you there is a problem. Dr. Fleming is here. I just want to say a few words of welcome to all of you and thank you for being here. The Surgeon General wanted us to do something. He and i talked early on. I congratulated him on his appointment. I will get a little introduction and a second. He said, well, lets do a foreign in Southern Maryland where i know you have a problem. That is the bad and good news. Good news because that means everybody understands it and needs to deal with it. The bad news, it is everywhere and we need to deal with it. I want to thank dr. Fleming who is here. Let me yield to you. Youre supposed to welcome us. I was doing that and i apologize for subverting your responsibility. Thats all right, sir. Were flexible. I am dr. Richard fleming. And the Vice President and dean of the campus. I would like to thank commerce and hoyer commerce member hoyer for asking us to host this venue. I would like to welcome congressman hoyer and Surgeon General adams here today as well as all of you. We are all certainly aware of the Opioid Crisis that affects not just Southern Maryland but everyone nationwide. At the college, were doing our part to try to help. Were currently developing and Opioid Awareness and Education Program which will be available for all of our students as well as our staff. In the event of an emergency, each of our campus have staff who have been trained to carry as well as administer naloxone should a be necessary. This is very important for all of us. If at any time during your visit there is anything you need or anything we can do for you, please let me know or my staff and we will be glad to help you. Once again, thank you, congressman hoyer and Surgeon General adams. Thank you. This is extra ordinarily. Mpressive college it has grown substantially. The Community College in prince georges started in my high school about a century ago. College that is bigger than the university of maryland. I dont how many students we have here now, but it is about 9000. This is a wonderful enterprise making a wonderful impact on young people. I want to welcome all of you here, Surgeon General adams, dr. To my lipsrch baron as the Deputy Director of the opioid Operational Command center. Fran phillips is here, acting Health Officer. Sheriff cameron, ive already mentioned, there was just an article about the incident, Surgeon General i dont think tim, close to doubling from last years statistics . Tom, a very different in mind. Used to be a leader of the state up theand has headed high intensity Drug Trafficking area for very long time in our state, which deals in the district of columbia, northern virginia, and baltimore. Intensitythe high Drug Trafficking, which was the first one to have a treatment [indiscernible] we are joined also by the governors office. Gretchen, i dont think youre seated up your. Where are you . Why do you stand up, gretchen . Gretchen is with the governors office. Thank you for being here and head of intergovernor intergovernmental patience. Bill stevens. Bill . Gloria from the department of social services. In the Health Officer of calvert county. This is recording and this is amplifying. Got you. Today our focus is on a challenge that is straining the resources of our region and causing people the pain. Glad we will be hearing not only from those working to a dress this crisis as all of you are at this roundtable, but also later from individuals who want treatment for addiction. Let me go quickly. Ive introduced some people with the county and state, but we have a lot of you who work with the Hospital Systems and want to go quickly. We will start with dr. Obrien. Obrien. R. [indiscernible] sheriff cameron. St. Marys county Health Department Behavioral Health director. Emergency management st. Marys county. Calvert county. Calvert county Health Department. Calvert health. [indiscernible] the division chief of Emergency Management and calvert county. [inaudible] director of the local Behavioral Health authority in charles county. Kim hill. [indiscernible] director of corrections impress georges county. [indiscernible] still gloria brown. [indiscernible] we have a very, very diverse group. Inms of two graphics terms of geographics. Thank you for being here. A lot of other people the Surgeon General will hear from. The Opioid Crisis to make a correlated incongruence of response. That is why im so glad superintendent hill is here are ae School Systems very large venue for dealing with this crisis. Already were seeing state, local, federal agencies working together to address this crisis. Going to continue to work across the aisle in congress. This is everywhere. It is not a partisan issue. It is an issue for the American People and for all those concerned about the health of our communities. Providers and First Responders of maryland have the tools they need in some instances and in other instances, we need to get them more tools. Last year i partnered with republican Majority Leader Kevin Mccarthy to pass the opioid act that requires the department of health and Human Services develop a set of metrics for evaluation and evaluating the efficacy of opioid related grant programs. In other words, if we want to put money on the table, we want to make sure it works. We need your input and feedback to accomplish that objective. This will help us ensure we are making the best use of our resources and directing them where they are most needed. Let me make a comment. We had not put enough money into treatment. We must put more money in treatment. Identification, Law Enforcement, all of that tim and i have talked about this. We can have millions of Law Enforcement people, but if people keep coming becoming addicted and do not get treatment and do not get off the addiction they have, tim and mike are going to continue to be in the field arresting people. That is not the solution. It needs to be done, but it is that the solution. Theres much more congress can and ought to do. I hope to come from todays discussion with additional insight into what our state i want to thank the governor for his focus on this issue. He clearly has seen it as a crisis and is confronting it. But we need to do more. The additional insight that we of what our state and local agencies date from the federal government my role so i can be more effective to advocate on your behalf and on the behalf of those who are addicted in our state. And the families who are affected by that and the community affected by that. I am proudly out with us this morning our nations Top Public Health official. [indiscernible] i am proud he is a neighbor and friend. When i called them up he said, know, i went i did not know he was such a local. I knew about his activity in indiana. He is a native of Southern Maryland. General adams. Surgeon general adams. Actually, he is an admiral but is a Surgeon General. Go figure. That gives them i guess purple status. Grew up in st. Marys county. He studied biochemistry about physiology at the university of maryland baltimore county. I should have invited from a nebraska. He has to busting with pride. I will see him tomorrow night. Hes a very dear friend. Probably as most of you know, the president about more county. Your institution. Animalms, general adams, adams, received his degree from university of indiana and masters in Public Health from the university of california, berkeley. He is boardcertified in anesthesiology. He was the States Health commissioner appointed by governor pence in 2014. That mightve had something to do with his being the Surgeon General of the united states. In that role, he had a stem of hiv aids in opioid users. Program adopted in the state of indiana which was very difficult. Congratulations to you for your vision and for your courage in getting that done. Dr. Adams was confirmed as our nations 20th Surgeon General september 5 and said the Opioid Crisis will be one of the Top Priorities of his tenure. I want to call you back to dr. Coupe. Dr. Coupe focused on tobacco and aids. He did so in a courageous way, courageous in terms of industry and courageous in terms of aids in terms of political divisions that existed at that time in the 1980s with respect to the age crisis. The Surgeon General can make an extreme your impact extraordinary impact. My belief is the Surgeon General adams will do exactly that. Welcome. We look forward to hearing from you. Welcome, everyone. It is good to see the audience packed today. It is amazing to be here. I want to thank you, commerce and wire, for inviting me to be part of this meeting and i want to thank dr. Fleming for hosting us a your beautiful facility. My first time back in Southern Maryland for an event since ive been Surgeon General. So glad it is an event where we in thet many partners room. It is humbling. We do this in india and all around the state. I went around the state with governor pence and we had convenience and try to bring different folks together. I can tell you yet a diversity represented here that i am in awe of and open can replicate in other parts of the country. Three things i want to focus on in my brief remarks because i want to hear from you all. I dont want to take up too much of your time talking because it is important you all hear from each other. I cant tell you how many times i would go around ace get a as state Health Commissioner and everyone would expect me to have the answer to all of the problems. Once folks started talking, they realize they have their problems right there in the room and in their community, they just had not been in touch with each other before. We have to break out of our silos. I love that you all are exercising prevention, enforcement, and treatment as part of the opioid intervention plan because it is going to take all three. One of those alone . W you are just playingwhackamo le. m going to emphasize stigma it is important we were together to address stigma. Experiences. Hood how many have heard of that . A few. We need to make sure everyone knows about that and partnerships. As the congressman mentioned, i grew up around here. I would to high school here. Both of my parents were school teachers. My father taught and Margaret Brent and my mother taught preschool. I grew up in a family of educators, but grew up working in the tobacco fields, in the hay fields, doing the things that a lot of folks around here are accustomed to to supporting themselves. Saw a lot of challenges that we face in terms of accessing health care, in terms of accessing opportunities that are more prevalent in the big city. I think all of those tie into the Opioid Epidemic. Some of you may know this. A story ofy have addiction. My grandfather died from tobacco use. Tobacco is an addiction. I have an uncle in a nursing home because of alcohol abuse. Yet another addiction. That chefs are probably well acquainted with list out in state prison in jessup because of his drug abuse. Goese os back to it back to unrecognized, untreated Mental Health issues that then turned into a addiction and now resulted in him being put in prison for the protection of the public, but ultimately we have to figure out how we stop that from happening beforehand and also how we had a great discussion this morning with the head of the federal bureau of prisons, how we provide people with the treatment they need. Treatment,ssisted supportive housing, so we can integrate them back into society. 95 of people who come into the jail system, who come into the state prisons, the federal prisons, are going to and up in society all over again. We can either continue that revolving door or bring the right folks together to treat addiction as a disease while still recognizing there are real Public Safety issues we have to address. We have to keep the public safe, but the way we do so is by treating addiction as a disease both in prevention and in testing and recognition and in treatment and recovery. The congressman mentioned indiana. While in indiana, theres a small town it reminded me a little bit like st. Marys county. Very rural. Again, some Difficulty Accessing Health Care in certain places. A town of 4000 people and they are now up to almost 200 30 cases of hiv in just over two years, all related to interaction injection drug use. We were able to limit a Syringe Service program but we were able to do it by bringing people together. It wasnt just about giving out syringes. It was providing access to recovery. Im glad you mentioned we have to devote more resources to recovery. It was getting people tested for hiv and appetite is, working officials. Orstmann the Syringe Program wont work if you dont have Law Enforcement on your side. It was about working with the business community. That is one group i did not fix was only represented that i would encourage you to invite next time you convene, the chamber of commerce. They are driving a lot of the Decision Making in your community. Right now theyre telling us they cannot find enough people who can pass a drug test to show up to work to work for the companies. Theyre hurting from this, too, and we dont want them solving this in their own silos. We want them here working together with all of you. At hhs we have a fivepoint strategy. Mprove recovery targeting the availability and distribution of overdose reversal drugs. I know you are all devoting some money to that as part of your plan will stop critically important. We cant help people recovery if they are dead. Folks realize this. I know a lot of the Law Enforcement folks i talk to are sing therustrated i same people over and over. Ive talked to Law Enforcement folks who have rescued an individual seven, 8, 9 times. That is a testament to the fact addiction is a disease. Addiction is when you know something is bad for you, and you just cant stop doing it. You know it is bad and you cant stop doing it. It is not a conscious choice. I was talking to someone in recovery and he said, telling me not to do drugs is like telling me me telling you not to breathe. At some point your body is going to take over because your brain changes when you are addicted and it is going to force you back in of the same habits unless you get the proper medical treatment for it. We need to work with Law Enforcement and Emergency Personnel to make sure naloxone is available, but do a better job of making sure we have a pathway for those folks will he rescue them from naloxone so they can get recovery, get into meaningful recovery and not just push them back out on the street. I told you i would not go too long. Do you know the best place for a drug dealer to hang out . Two best places. One is right outside the jail when people are getting released. Number two is right outside the hospital after people have been resuscitated from naloxone. In both instances, we have people with untreated addiction who we have detoxed, but we have not appropriately treated and we push them right back out into the hands of the dealers if we dont have a system in place that can help them ultimately recover. Dataed to strengthen collection. That is critically important for the folks in this room so you can keep track of your progress he you know what is going on. President trump mentioned this last week. The data reporting is so bad that our death rates are probably twice what we think they are. Probably from opioids. Were not doing a good job of keeping track. If we dont keep track, we cannot solve the problem. Supporting cuttingedge research. That involves nih and institutions that just the college of Southern Maryland. Was talkinggressman about, making sure were keeping track of how the programs we are implementing our doing so we can continue to make them better so we can spend money in the right place. We know were not going to have enough money to solve this epidemic if we dont do it more efficiently and more effectively. Advancing the practice of Pain Management some people dont continue to think of opioids as the only way to address acute and chronic pain. I cant tell you many stories ive heard around the country of the mother who just went in for a csection and was sent home with 90 vicodin pills. Of the person who went in for a wisdom tooth extraction and was sent home with oxycontin. The College Football player who had a knee sprain was medicaid with opioids and went on to a pathway of addiction. A story i will share briefly, the High School Quarterback in indiana my met,s range his knee and was given opioids for something that couldve been treated with ice and ibuprofen. Five years later, i was talking to him because he started on kills, went to snorting them, shifted to hear when, contracted hiv. 20 ok with hiv because we, and i say we, as medical personnel, we were not providing alternatives to Pain Management. I talk about stigma. We have to see addiction not just as a bad choice but as a disease. Not just as a disease, but a symptom. A symptom of what . Trauma. Childhood trauma and physical, that we have to do a better job of treating. We talk about disease or addiction as a disease of despair. We know all too often it is. Adverse childhood experiences. Half a volatile to have had one Adverse Childhood Experience half of all adults have had one Adverse Childhood Experience. I mean things such as having an unstable home environment such as being physically or sexually abused, such as having your parents taken away from you. Look at the kids out there now i am glad our education folks are here. Kids who have lost a dead. Childhood experience you have had, your risk of addiction goes up 400 percent. With each one. I just told you that half the adults in this room have at least one adverse childers childhood experience, statistically speaking. One positive Adult Interaction can help mitigate those Adverse Childhood Experiences. One police officer. One schoolteacher. One prosecutor. One legislator. One person working at the overcomean help them those Adverse Childhood Experiences and really turn things around. To finish off by saying that the only way we are going to do this is together. I learned that working in scott county. Folks give me credit for starting this service program, the Syringe Service program down there. I had an hiv epidemic. I am a Public Health advocate. Who do you think i called first to solve the hiv epidemic . People say did you call your doctor friends, your Public Health friends . I called the sheriff. If we dont have Law Enforcement on our side, we are not going to get policies in place. If they are waiting to arrest they are coming into a Syringe Service or coming out, we are not going to get people into a Syringe Service program. I called the local pastor. They are the folks in the community who will help us better see this as a disease and not as a moral failing. How many people do you think ended up in the hospital this weekend because they had had to much they sweet potato pie . Do we call that a moral failing . Do we say, you had diabetes and you are done. We are not going to treat you anymore. We have to treat this as a disease and not a moral failing. Then i got in touch with the chamber of commerce. They were worried about their. Own being known as a drug town i said we are going to get folks into treatment. You said you cannot get folks to take a drug test. How about we get them into treatment . That gets him off the streets and makes your Community Safer again. Are going to get this done is through better partnerships. I hope you will seek out someone you dont know here today. Where are my health folks . We recognize lawenforcement folks because they wear those cool uniforms, but every lawenforcement person i beg you to reach out to one of those folks who raised their hands from the medical community. And medical people, find someone in uniform and talk to them. Introduce yourself today. Help them understand that we are here together, and the only way we are going to solve this epidemic is i getting on the same page. Thank you for being here. I look forward to hearing your dialogue and i want to sit down with each and everyone of you. Final point, i am going to meet with some folks in recovery after this. One of the things we did in indiana that was very impactful, whohe end, we had someone is in recovery share their story. I can tell you all i want that treatment works, that Syringe Programs are a pathway to recovery. There is nothing like hearing it from a person who is in recovery who says i tried. I tried three times, four times, seven times, and it was not until i got this treatment that i was able to recover and get on a pathway of sobriety or a. Athway of sustained met fromourage you to hear folks who are in recovery. Nothing will reduce the stigma like hearing from the mom next door who went down the wrong pathway but was able to recover because of a community of support. Thank you, congressman. Thank you. I dont know about all of you, but i am very proud of this man who is serving our country. [applause] i am sure tim has a special line for kathy. I have people for you. Going to go quickly now. I want to recognize burch baron, Deputy Director of opioid command in our state. Mr. Baron thank you. I will not take up too much of your time, congressman hoyer. Thank you for having us in your facility. I want to share a quick story. General, i have been touched by this personally. I got a phone call three years ago from a social Services Home state ofy oregon letting me know my nephew, the infant son of my sister, was being held by the state. She was recently incarcerated opioid possession. Her child was taken away due to severe malnourishment. My sister is now two and a half years in recovery. Isnephew and nieces father still incarcerated. This is something i occasionally start with. Some of you have heard this story. Important asbly the Surgeon General said we look at statistics on policy. We tackle things on a big lecturer level, but its big picture level, but its essential we dont forget the individuals of the crisis. Everyone of those people has a family, a friend, they may not come home to. Declared inernor Opioid Crisis in maryland, that signal to our state that this is a crisis that needs to be addressed with the same gravity as a hurricane, a flood, a terrorist event. Background is in Emergency Management. I am a firefighter and first responder. Area to me. Ew those problems are not addressed by one department, one agency, one sector, one individual alone. Even though we as a state coordinating body have the responsibility to drive evidencebased priorities, it is essential that we are looking to our local communities and setting up our intervention teams, our local jurisdiction bodies, many of which are here today, to know where their communities need intervention, and what types of intervention will work for their populations. To seecredibly excited the people that congressman hoyers office has invited today. Is not a States Government challenge alone, not a federal government challenge alone. This is something that needs to impact and make a real difference to those ems agencies who are transporting patients that look like them, taking people away from their children and bags. First responders and Law Enforcement agencies who are not only repeat arresting people are seeing people die they have taken in earlier that week, but also now encountering more dangerous substances and Violent Crime than they have ever in the past. It is impacting schools. It is impacting social services. It is impacting faithbased communities. It is impacting our neighbors, friends, families. If there is one thing i would urge our federal partners here today to do, it is to bring more groups together like this. This is the right group of people, and i cannot thank you enough for putting this together. Congressman hoyer thank you very much. There are 435 members of the house, 100 senators. By 435 have been affected members in their communities. And as he pointed out, the only way we saw this is together. Thank you. Fran phillips, thank you for being with us, Health Officer. Mr. Lips pleasure to be here. Phillips pleasure to be here. Anne arundel county is all the way to the north, but we have a southern peas in congressman oyers district, and we are pleased to be here. Congressman hoyers district. I have served as Health Officer for 15 years prior to going to county. E in and on no those were 15 years when we tackle things in anne arundel county. Those were 15 years when we h1n1,d things like 9 11, Health Emergencies that our infrastructure ramps up for and has to be ready to deal with. It was an overwhelming shock to me coming back on june 1 to see what has happened to my county in terms of opioids. Arundel county is third in the state in fatalities, and it is disproportionate to our population. Last week, we had a total of 943 134 were, of which fatal. Our fatalities and i think this mirrors a lot of the state are generally males, males in the most productive parenting ages of 4434. The impact on households is in or miss. What is killing 2434. The impact on households is enormous. Andou said, the Health Enforcement side have to be joined at the hip. In anne arundel, we absolutely countyder the executives, who also declared a state of emergency last year. We have engaged every single county agency in terms of prevention, treatment, recovery. We could go through a litany of the things the Health Department is doing. I know other counties are doing remarkable things. I would like to focus on one in particular that represents innovation in our county that is beginning to show serious success. An initiative called safe stations. Every Fire Department in the county has thrown open its doors to wife for 72 anyone voluntarily seeking treatment to 24 seven two anyone voluntarily seeking treatment. At whatever stage of readiness they are in, they begin that engagement. The program started at the end of april. People have come forward from all walks of life, all ages. They are now placed in treatment. We are seeing recidivism rates far improved over where people had to be engaged, coaxed and coaxed. They are coming forward and saying enough of this cycle of addiction. I have had enough. It is without repercussion. , they haveto say made significant accommodations in terms of people coming forward without concerns about outstanding warrants or court dates in order to get into treatment so that when they do go back to court they are sober and understand the consequences. It has been a tremendously important program. The burden on our county is enormous. A law we have engaged firm because the county intends to file suit against opioid manufacturers and distributors. In doing so, we have tried to tally what the cost of the Opioid Epidemic has been to every county agency. It is millions and millions of dollars. I have to come back with a couple of final remarks. How can the federal government help . First of all, we need funding. We need funding on the ground. We need to turn what local jurisdictions know our priorities. Doors. E fire emergency departments. Work with high schools. We have lots of opportunities and we are short on resources. We are scrambling. Second, access to treatment. To the Medicaid Program would knock out the core of financing treatment, both inpatient and outpatient. Thats super important in our county. Third, the impact on families is enormous. Over 300 children are substance are bornour substance positive in our county. The tip of the iceberg. Adequate funding to support social services and families in need. Are there he concerned we may see a second wave of hiv and hepatitis we are very concerned we may see a second wave of hiv and hepatitis c. All it takes is one or two people to have this epidemic blossom into a second wave. In termss so important of prevention, treatment, and testing for hiv and hepatitis c. Congressman boyer we congressman hoyer we are having one person from each county represent different disciplines. We are very fortunate, as all of my colleagues represented here today are, with strong partnerships addressing the addiction. F opioid we are working in concert to solve the many facets of the opioid addiction epidemic. Ours is one of education, prevention, and enforcement. We educate through town hall meetings, panel discussions, abuse recovery, treatment and recovery. The program is taught in our schools as a foundation of providing factual information to young people in order for them to make good decisions. Lastly, Public Service announcements. Our Health Officer, states attorney and i emphasize treatment and resource availability. Of course, at the same time, we have to educate our officers, the First Responders. Dropbox programs to ensure no diversion of drugs. We use Education Programs, physicians, acal promising practice which is under evaluation. The overdose patient is taken to foremergency Department Treatment and stabilization. Hopefully, this is a pathway to recovery. Longtermrtterm and conventional and investigate every overdose as a homicide. Our challenges are quite simple. , andng, training personnel. And what affects us greatly and again, i dont want to speak for all of my colleagues, but i am sure this is true access to treatment. Mr. Surgeon general, we are not strangers in this room. Onhave been working together this epidemic since 2007, which began, of course, with pain pills. Hoyer thank you very much. Do you have someone from the Health Department . Thats a great opportunity to educate the public at large. Its one thing for me to convince congressman about the importance of ma t and naloxones, but the congressman the other 430 five represent constituencies. Its a great opportunity to make sure you are taking time in helping folks understand that addiction is a disease and that there is appropriate treatment for it. Fantastic. Thank you. Mr. Hoyer bill stevens. Aaronns i said said i have a haircut like the Surgeon General, so i hired him. The field of Emergency Management is basically a planning,process, preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. What we are going to do with the first three as far as the buick crisis goes, we have those down. It, andhow to plan for we prepare the public for it, but what we are experiencing with the recovery and response mode now is we need to lay out new tracks of action to solve the problem. We have been working hard to inform the public of the nature of the problem. I think thats one of the biggest issues. People are not familiar with the scope of the problem. We have been conducting seminars and training, teaching them about narcan, and we have been training our police officers, our ems personnel, working with the Health Department to get the program in place. I think where we run into problems is what we call the morning handoff. I have officers who would narcan and then they have no place to send the patient besides the hospital. Once they come out, they have no continuity of care. I think thats where we need to improve efforts. We can provide the drugs, the training, the public outreach. But we need a handoff and a continuity of care. We have to solve the problem at the other end of the spectrum. To your point, going into the and just trusting them to followup and 46 weeks is not the warm handoff you are talking about. There are not a lot of professionals who can provide that treatment. We need professionals,. Professionals, here counselors, and funding. The help department does not have the funding they need to take care of this problem, and that is where the cracks of the crooks ofter the matter lies. Thank you for this opportunity. Thank you. In prince georges county, as you know, we are urban, suburban, and rural. We get a little bit of everything. Lockstepeen working in with other agencies, including a medical professionals, nonprofit , and faith communities. We recognize that these are the people closest to the people we are trying to assessed. We have already been doing this kind of work, trying to build these alliances. As you can see, we are having some technical issues with the signal from the college of Southern Maryland and the form on the Opioid Epidemic with congressman steny hoyer. We are recording this program and will have it for you in its entirety later in our schedule. A look now at a discussion that took place this morning on washington journal about the situation in afghanistan. The afghanistan and Pakistan Bureau chief for the washington post. Howt us off by reminding us long the u. S. Has been in afghanistan now and what is the Current Situation . Guest well, it has been 16 years since the taliban was overthrown and the u. N. Brought in a new government, which officially took

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