775, 383882, or visit home serve. Com im Sunlen Serfaty in washington and this is cnn this is gps, the Global Public square. Welcome to all of you in the United States and around the world. Im Fareed Zakaria coming to you from new york today on the Program AmericasCollege Campuses in turmoil over the war in gaza is it free speech or threats of violence we have to strong voices with very different view then in israel, plans continue for the invasion of rafah at the white house continues to urge against it. Michael oren, israels former messenger to america, helps examine how this will play out Secretary Blinken traveled to china this week and gave warnings over beijings moscow are us, Relations Two Tenths are not dense enough im dr. Donald trumps former top China Aid Math father but first, heres my take its difficult to know what to make of the turmoil on College Campuses these days. The protests, polarization, intimidation, and general bitterness in a revealing article in the wall street journal, Douglas Belkin sets these events against a broader backdrop the disappearance of a Sense Of Community he points to Research Demonstrating that quote, College Students today are lonelier, less resilient, and more disengaged their predecessors. The University Communities they populate are socially fragmented, diminished, and less vibrant. One wonders whether this loss of community has led to more distrust, sharper disagreements, and more anger people are encountering one another at these protests, often for the first time, often as strangers the college campus, i went two decades ago was full of political disagreements. It was the time of ronald reagan, the cold war, the Nuclear Freeze movement, and divestment from south africa tents and shanty towns were built on the plaza outside the president s office but we also had long and soulsearching debates about the issues and every group i was in at class or an extra curricular organizations, people disagreed about the issues, but they did so seriously, listening to others and engaging in what was mostly civil discourse. Though its easy to romanticize the past when reagans defense secretary, Caspar Weinberger came to speak, Student Protesters repeatedly tried to disrupt his speech but the vast majority in the room most of them almost certainly disagreed with weinberger booed the protesters when i were the elad was a paste with overflowing classrooms and meeting halls, cake partys debates, plays, and sport events always well attended, which are made for rich community. Many of my best friends today are people i met in those packed rooms for decades ago ive returned to my campus several times since then and for many years it felt very much the same place i had been to all those years ago. But over the last decade, campus life has seen thinner and came covid, which like a neutron bomb, decimated Community Life on campus while leaving all the beautiful buildings intact in his essay, belkin quotes, or residential assistant at another college whose job it was to help socialize the freshmen many wouldnt leave their rooms even for don meetings, asking over text if they could video chat instead . The bewildered rass, i was literally across the Hall A College Official at another place suggested. This may be the new normal. There may be no real return to the past while the pandemic might have been the great accelerator, the decline of social capital, the bonds that sustained communities has been a theme of scholarly work for decades now the seminal work on the topic was in 1995, essay by harvards robert putnam. Later expanded into a book bowling alone the title draws on data that showed that more americans were bowling, but fewer and fewer were bowling in Leagues Putnam follows the decline of social groups and tries to pinpoint causes the single most consistent predictor he presciently observed was television technology. And the internet have allowed people to make leisure a private rather than a communal activity. It goes beyond College Campuses. In my book, age of revolutions, i point out that what has really caused alienation in america, even when incomes have stayed steady or even risen, has been the collapse of community and small america the momandpop store gone unable to compete with amazon. The corner arcade displaced by online gaming. The local Movie Theater run out of town by netflix churches were so Many Americans gathered every sunday are increasingly empty the big Metro Centers to which everyone has flocked to have communities. But they are communities largely shaped by our jobs the journalist Nicholas Lemon once noted that he had lived in five american cities, washington, new orleans, austin, cambridge, and pelham according to him, the two quote, most deficient in the putnam virtues, unquote essentially lacking in social capital work, cambridge and washington as he put it, the reason is that these places are the big time work absorbs all the energy. Community is defined functionally, not spatially. It is a professional peer group rather than a neighborhood and its natural to wonder whether this Sense Of Community is tenuous that is, if you lose your job, your membership in the community is revoked along with it. College campuses today are still exciting. Places are full of smart wellmeaning students extraordinary professors, and all kinds of educational and extra curricular opportunities. But they have weakened as actual communities where People Mingo Interact and get to know and trust each other and in this sense, campuses today are not that different from the broader American Society of which they are a reflection go to cnn. Com slash opinions to read my car on this week and cnn. Com slash fareed for link to buy my new book and lets get started in 1968 at the height of the vietnam war, Columbia University was wracked by Campus Protests in the end, officials, theyre called in the police to arrest the demonstrators. History seems to be repeating itself as the campus has, again become the epicenter of protests. Classes have gone hybrid and columbias president , Minouche Shafik called in the nypd to clear the encampment. They arrested more than 100 students one day earlier, shafik gave testimony before congress in that hearing, republican lawmakers grilled her on what they described as antisemitism among the protesters. The progress and the responses raised big questions, joining me now to discuss all this, are bruce robins and Bret Stephens bruce is a professor at columbia as department of english and comparative literature. Bread is a columnist at the New York Times bruce, let me start with usc new what do you think has, has gone wrong at columbia over the last few weeks . Well most of the faculty and i think the student body think that whats gone wrong is calling the police that the protest was calm wellorganized, not violent. There is little if any, intimidation of anyone and there are people who dont agree with the protesters who absolutely dont agree with bringing in the police. I think thats the single biggest thing. The other thing that faculty object to more strongly, again, whatever their positions on the middle east is that in president shah fk506 testimony before congress, she didnt stand up for the principles of the university, which is Academic Freedom and shared governance due process transparency read what is in your view what went wrong at columbia over the last few weeks . I dont know if its over the last few weeks. Its maybe over the last few years you have hundreds of students who are protesting. Objective we speaking for a terrorist organization, theyre not holding up signs, calling for peace, for the release of hostages. The end of hostilities, theyre basically holding up the banners and mouthing the slogans of hamas. Some of them which have a clearly violent pedigree when they talk about the intifada. But let me ask you about that because youve youre a classical liberal. Youve written eloquently about how free, involve speech that offense people is it not okay for people to its certainly not something i think any honore the stable agrees with, but if somebody were to say i agree with the goals of a mass that is free speech with of course it is. And i supported be protected, i support free speech. Okay. Theres, no theres no question that should be the standard 30, including saying thing that any of us might find objectionable or vile. I think part of the problem isnt so much the question of free speech. Its a question of Double Standards. And what i mean by that is if lets imagine that there were a protest by very aggressive white students marching four White Supremacy in a Christian University somewhere in the middle of america, making a large percentage of black students on that campus feel profoundly unsafe and worried for their security. I dont think we would be looking at those white students and saying they also have a free, free speech rights. So if the universitys one will adopt a freespeech standard, it needs to be consistent and i think thats part of the objection here at harvard. Harvard saying they should adopt a consistent free speech. I think they absolutely should, they should lean in the direction of freespeech, provided their common sense rules about time, place, and manner banner of protests disruption, and conduct that is effectively intimidating. So it crosses the line from speech to conduct. I dont think for instance, there should be a hecklers veto what do you think aroma . Well it wont surprise you to know that i imagined that i think rather differently about this. First of all, theres an adder, matter of fact, which i have to correct people in the encampment, what we call the encampment. Thats the protesters at columbia. They have not shouted out slogans, Chanted Slogans In Support Of Hamas Mass or the wanton destruction of civilian lives on october 7. That is simply not the fact. Its a little upsetting, i think to everybody at columbia that the mainstream media, as well as the politicians have confused things that are chanted outside columbias gates with things that the columbia protesters are saying. Because i mean, ive spent time in the encampment. I havent heard anything even remotely like that. There are things im sure that ball three of us would have some trouble with that are being chanted outside the gates. Columbia is not letting those people in when we come back, well dig deeper into the question of free speech versus hate speech versus interior on campus today you think you know the story, but theres more beneath the surface how it really happened with jesse l. Martin tonight at nine on cnn. 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What is the difference between free speech and speech that intimidates making somebody uncomfortable . Again, like you, i feel awkward i mean, speech, you disagree with this meant to make you uncomfortable, but but it can clearly cross the line into physical intimidation, harassment making people feel they can go to their classrooms or dorm. So how do you, how do you draw that line . Its difficult to do it. I dont think theres any easy easy line to draw, but there was a photograph and again, i dont know exactly who the protester is maybe its an outsider, maybe its a columbia student appears to be in the quad columbia saying, are carsons next targets alqassam as the military wing of hamas. And its pointing at a bunch of students were merely holding its and american flags. Thats a call to kill them. Okay. Now, maybe in the widest sense of the term that may even be permissive, constitutionally permissible speech. But i would say thats the kind of speech that a university should look very carefully. At at allowing or rather, i think it should be disallowed when it goes into a sense of true threat, right . Then then youre talking about impermissible speech. So two things. First, about that photograph, do you agree that that went too far . I havent seen or heard anything like that around the encampment so 0. 1. So the the other point bread is making, which i think is fair, which is that universities have seemed to lean against socalled hate speech even if it didnt physically threatened somebody when it was about blacks or panics, the Native Americans but now when its a red juice, they suddenly say no, its all free speech i think we probably have more unpleasant agreement here on this. Im not in favor of canceling people for the kinds of things that they say. I think that people have been wrongly disciplined in one way or another. Merely four statements theyve made so about that, my own position is Something Like this universities dont have to kick can make up their own codes of what is acceptable on oncampus genocidal speech should not be acceptable. It might be acceptable in the United States constitutionally, i dont think theres any place for it on a University Campus i also think there hasnt been any on the columbia campus and the things that are brought forward as evidence for genocidal speech, like from the river to the sea, or intifada. They are not genocidal from the river to the sea is genocidal speech and if we were talking about another Minority Group that told you, when you say this phrase, it has this set of implications. You would take them seriously and im just amazed by the dismissively with which so many people view this phrase, which is essentially a Coffin Elimination of an entire state, okay as it has been constituted, as it has its been a member of the United Nations for 75 years. So cavalierly to call for the destruction of a state, particularly in light of the way hamas acted on october 7, is genocidal speech and should be recognized that way. Okay. When i say something, im sorry, i dont want to interrupt you. So as i understand from the river to the sea, it means equal rights for all the People Living between the river in the sea now, thats an American Value. We believe in democracy. We believe in equal rights for everybody since you were talking about Double Standards for me, the doublestandard is israel is going to be a jewish state it cant be a jewish state and a democratic state. Democratic state means equal rights for everybody and the people who heard chanting from the river to the sea are saying for everybody between the river in the sea, equal rights, which is, you could say, the one state question. I realized that not everybody likes the one State Solution. I think its an American Value we believe one man, one vote in your london review of books, i say you talked about how one of the things going on at College Campuses, uh, you believe is that people are coming to realize that there are, there are large reservoirs of strong opposition to what israel has been doing for the last few decades. Explain that is being misread. Your new view as antisemites that is exactly what i think. I think that this is a conjuncture or moment, pardon, with their academic professorial doc its black lives matter. The covid, pandemic and the fact that the young people these days have access and no offense to cnn to uncensored know gatekeeping, visuals of the destruction in gaza via social media. So they have access to information in a way that they have never had access before. You put all those things together. And i think what israel is doing in gaza is the symbol of evil for this generation. And the not the poll numbers suggest that there is a wave of feeling, a crystallization just to be clear as a jewishamerican, im saying there is not an intuition. No, no, not at all the simplest thing that we have tried. We jewish faculty there, many, many jewish students who were involved in this um, and we of course feel as jews that were not being recognized because my president is telling me and Jewish Voice For Peace and organization that i admire very much that were being antisemitic. Im sorry. This is a way of being jewish on a secular jew i believe in universal principles, no Double Standards, no jewish state without equal rights for everybody. So im really anti Double Standards im for a twoState Solution, which one State Solution would be a devastation for the jewish people on a scale that hasnt been seen since the last devastation a century ago. And right now, this has an interesting discussion because were talking about academia, but this has effects in the realworld. If the world gets behind the idea that israels this uniquely malevolent state, saying nothing about serious sudan, china, other abuses, but insurance uniquely, the state that must disappear and becomes the moral cause of this generation of students. We will be rapidly creating the tragedies that occurred on german universities in the 1920s and 1930s where the takeover by the left, that to a takeover by the right. And one of the things thats so disturbing about these protests is theres no allowance for the idea that israelis have suffered. Theres no allowance for the idea that this, that this clash in between the israeli palestines is at a minimum morally complicated password oh gosh, what a responsibility i dont think that people think that israel is unique. Example of evil in the world. I think what special about it is it, it couldnt do what its doing without the support of the United States so students in the United States think we have a responsibility. Its not just somebody else. I mean, were the United States is not supporting north korea, is not supporting syria. There are a lot of bad places that are doing bad things that equal or worse, who knows, but theyre not being supported by us. So we have a responsibility as americans to do something about it. Whats being done is being done in my name as an american and being done in my name as a jew. And those things are unbearable to me. And i feel the opposite way. I would feel love to see the University Protests that ever occurred on behalf of the kurds in their persecution by our allies, the turks or for that matter, any protest about all of the massive human rights abuses. Theres one state thats in the crosshairs. Its not an accident, its the jewish one. We have to leave it at that. I hope we can actually have you guys back because this is a fascinating conversation about an issue that isnt going to go away next on gps is Benjamin NetanyahusGovernment Listening to joe biden as israel prepares an invasion of rafah i will talk to the former israeli ambassador to washington, michael how far would you go to set the ambiance of your space . Try the air wigwe with airway ke, Central Myth Infused with natural listen to oils to fill your low bit with immersive fragrance for up to 45 hi days. Now thats a breath of fresh air wick. This homestyle Chicken Salad rep. From subway. This is how you do it. Savory chicken, chris veggies all wrapped up these maps are main thing. People can hear my thoughts. Thats a problem. Stay fresh out there. All new reps from subway. They need the loan back fast. And unit scotts turf grass, it goes glass tube i was asked that under seed the lone given you a stronger laws, male three, the way its got her field, a rapid grass today. 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Thanks to Governor Newsom and leaders in sacramento, we can lift workers out of poverty. Stop the race to the bottom in the fastfood industry. And build a california for all of us. Thank you governor and our california lawmakers for fighting for what matters. 18008 1177. Call now how solomon in new york cnn israel has said it cannot eliminate hamas without going into rafah, the Southern Gaza city but the Biden Administration has expressed deep concerns about the humanitarian impact of such an assault will israel go ahead with its plans and what would it mean for usisraeli relations . Joining me from tel aviv is michael oren, who served as ambassador to the us under Prime Minister netanyahu from 2009 two 2013 michael welcome. Do you think that israel will go ahead with the Rafah Play Operation as it had planned. Good to be with you for aid . Yes, i do. I think israel is going to go ahead with the raffa operation. Its achieved overwhelming support, both by these israeli public within the government but i think its just going to have to be very, very cautious to reduce as much as possible the civilian casualties on the Palestinian Sayyed and try to meet the Biden Minister thracian to the greatest degree possible halfway. I was told that the plans that the Israeli Government presented to the Biden Administration the Biden Administration, todd, were almost laughable. They were going to put people mill millions of peoples intense that it just didnt seem like they had a real plan to alleviate the humanitarian crisis that would result well, i know that israel has gone and theres really representatives have talked several times with the vital ministration with these plans at these really planners are convinced that these plans are workable and will greatly reduce palestinian civilian casualties. The great challenges youre dealing with, the anatomy hamas, which is using these palestinians as human shields. As actually using the, the landscape of gazas as a shield because underneath the rafah area are dozens and dozens of miles of tunnels. And underneath those tunnels within those tunnels are also israeli hostages, as many as 100 and 30, which we hope remain alive in the hands of hamas so the challenges here are immense and israel is going to have two on one hand, achieve its strategic goal of eliminating hamas and ensuring hamas can not read turn rearm, reorganize, and use gaza once again as a Staging Ground for barbaras attacks against israel. On the other hand let me ask for Service Relationship with the Biden Administration let me ask you about that. That strategic goal because what were seeing in Northern Gaza now is after israel did a massive operation in which has claimed to have eliminated hamas is the return of hamas insurgency, the israeli troops are battling again, this is a familiar, certainly to americans. Its exactly what happened in iraq and afghanistan. So this is one of the reasons it seems to me the Biden Administration was pressing that getting these eliminating these last few battalions in gaza aid enormous cost its not worth it because there will always be insurgents out there well, i would agree to your qc eliminate hamas as a military threat. You cant get rid of the idea of hamas anywhere, anywhere. You can get rid of the idea of isis or alqaeda, or even the muslim brotherhood. Yes, its going to be a longterm insert, a counterinsurgency fight, such as the american waged in iraq and eventually one through its surge in iraq yes, israel will have to continue to fight various cells of hamas that will spring up and not just in gaza, but in the west bank as well. Its an ongoing fight, but eliminating these battalions will remove hamass ability to reorganize and restage these types of attacks. Absolutely crucial. If the Biden Administration says as a consequence of israel doing this, suddenly theyve been saying in the past, it was really policy on raffa doesnt change. Then American Policy Toward Israel will have to change presumably that means some kind of conditionality on on the military aid, the United States is giving. If that happens would that have the effect of changing is israeli policy . I dont think so. I think israel is committed to concluding that the battle against hamas, again, it has overwhelming support in the american in the israeli public even at the expense of strange relationship with the Biden Administration. Now, lets be clear. I dont represent the Israeli Government anymore. Im not ambassador anymore. And i have my own opinions. I think think that israel can meet the president a halfway on other issues. For example, the Biden Ministration wants to talk about day after scenario for gaza. Might administration wants to talk about the possibility of involving the Palestinian Authority, which will be revamped a revitalized, with a role in governance postwar gaza, that Biden Pathway to a palestinian state. I think its worthwhile for israel to engage in all of these about this. The day after postworld planning it seemed to me were just saying that israel will have to be essentially in a permanent occupation of golf as i because there will be an insurgency and it will have to fight it. How could, how is that compatible with handing over power . The be is not going to take over. And and enforce israels Security Concerns by shooting palestinians. Is it i dont think it necessarily involves a longterm occupation, but does does involve a longterm Israeli Evolvement insecurity and israels involved in security dirty control, even in areas under the Palestinian Authority in the west bank. So there are models for this. Michael are always good to have you on great to, be with you too. Thank you for you. Next on gps is the Biden Administrations basic strategy towards china missing guided. That is what former top trump aid and china x. But Matthew Pottinger says, next tonight, the run hi is of misinformation. Donie osullivan reports from the front lines. 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He is the author of an upcoming book called The Boiling Moat Urgent steps to defend taiwan, which comes out in july matt, welcome you also have this extraordinary essay in Foreign Affairs that i wanted to start with because in a jew basically say that you think the Biden Administration has taken some very good and tough steps on china, but its basic goal is wrong. You say the Biden Administration is trying to manage competition with china. Whereas the goal of the United States government should be Regime Change. It should be just as it wasnt the soviet union. A policy of containment designed to essentially overthrow the Chinese Communist party do you think that that is a workable plan for the, for the United States yeah. I look i dont explicitly call for Regime Change in the piece, but what i do say is that we need to recognize that in effective us strategy might naturally lead to some form of Regime Collapse driven by the chinese people, including members of the Chinese Communist party, who are already extremely concerned about the direction that chinas Supreme Leader is steering their country hes taken such a confrontational approach towards the United States. Hes fueling wars in europe, the biggest War In Europe since world war ii so what were calling for is a policy that actually aims for victory on the same terms that George Kennan described in the at the beginning of the cold war, where basically we would contain the soviets and naturally the soviet system would eventually begin to collapse under its own rotten weight, not because were pursuing an irac style Regime Change policy, but in fact thats exactly George Kennan was proven, right . Four decades later at the end of the reagan administration, when the soviet union just, just kinda went out with a whimper. Are you advocating a complete decoupling and disengagement because to get to that policy that youre describing with the soviet union, where you had these two hermetically sealed a sphere. Is that the us Capitalist Sphere and the soviet communist sphere, you would drawing about going in, moving into a completely different world than the one were in. No Global Economy and none, nothing like that. Yeah, its not a full decoupling, but what really is is about restricting chinas clearly stated ambitions to dominate High Technology in the 21st century and seeking things has been very clear. He has said that he wants all of the western industrialized nations to be dependent on china. And for china to be completely independent of imports from those countries, except for things like soybeans and corn. So i dont relish the idea of waging cold war. What im saying is we need to recognize that seeking ping is already waging a cold war against us seeking ping has said in more than one speech that the primary descriptor of The World Today is chaos. He says Dot Line Chaos and he goes on to say that this is actually beneficial for the Chinese Communist partys aims in the world hes even gone farther last year when he met with Vladimir Putin he identified him and putin as the architects of chaos. He said, he said volodymyr, you in the changes that are occurring right now, we havent seen since really, since world war ii. And he said you and i are the ones driving this change in the world. So i got to ask you this map do you think this is a strategy that donald trump would embrace where he to win the white house. And i ask that letting viewers a node then important caveat, which is you did serve as this stop china aid. But on january 6, because of what happened that day you resigned from the white house. You would the senior most white house official to resign but all that said, you know, the man you advise them, do you think this is the kind of strategy . We would be looking at in a second trump term, the advantage of President Trumps approach was that he was willing to be confrontational he was willing to actually impose significant costs on beijing for the types of things that they were doing to undermine our interests he was he put massive tariffs on on beijing. Now where i actually think President Biden has contributed to the overall direction of us strategy is that he recognized prices that we are in a competition explicitly between democracies and friends of democracies. On the one hand, countries that at least respect sovereignty, whether theyre democracies are not on one side, on our side. And then countries that fundamentally have contempt for the National Sovereignty of their neighbors and are totalitarian governments. Lets face it, theyre not just beijing is not just authoritarian under seeding, ping is a totalitarian dictatorship. So i think that if President Trump were to adopt, if he gets reelected some, some of that cold war framework. I actually think it would accelerate a successful us policy in a second term matt bought and job fascinating Foreign Affairs essay. Thank you so much for joining us. Thanks for having me fareed how it really happens tonight at nih what cnn there are giant so mug they are the Men And Women Building Babies next generation submarines. They are giant and what they do because they work in a place where they can grow, where they can learn the skills to build karinas powerful listed beast. We build giant, because it takes one to build one we out of your surroundings. Your lawn with scotts tariff builders. Recollection, it gets threes up is done at ones skills reads prevents cab gas a keeps it growing strong. 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How americas guns fuel violence across the border welcome, pleasure to have you on having the name. It its a wonderful title. Exit wounds. Explain what you mean so as emergency responders, paramedics and emts, we are looking for exit wounds in order to understand what did the bullet do to the body . How can we stop the bleeding as soon as we can . Its not always easy to find exit wounds and sometimes we cant find them. So in a similar way, if we went to understand what two guns due to a society, were looking for injuries that are not only physical, but also social, political, economic, because gun violence, not only affects individuals, but extends to families, communities, entire neighborhoods. So the title is showing, that urgency for us to figure out what role do us gun laws, us gun industry. He was guns play in the lives of people. On the other side of the border and how they are paying, then comes back to us. So explain, if you will what the role american guns plays in this sort of cycle of violence . Without the guns, we wouldnt be getting so many drugs and we wouldnt be seeing so many migrants and Asylum Seekers fleeing the violence because violence in mexico is primarily caused by guns that come from the United States, mexico has very strict Gun Laws Only Two gun, shops and the entire country. But the entire border on the other side of the border in arizona and texas, you have thousands of gan dealerships and it is very easy to buy, very powerful guns that Organized Crime Groups in mexico want. What do you think that most americans dont understand about this whole situation . Now that youve studied, it gives you talk about how this militarization actually enriches the cartels that struck me is a fascinating point. Thats a very important issue. We think that if we build a bigger wall or longer wall, or send the troops to the water we will prevent people from coming and we will keep violence on the other side of the border. But that violence is created by our own tools, by the guns we produce and making this country. So the more we militarize the border, the more difficult it is for both migrants to reach safety, but also it increases the profits of Organized Crime Groups who compete for these diminishing routes to take because you require more and more professional, militarized cartels to break through exactly and more powerful weapons so it feels like there are all kinds of reasons to have stronger gun laws in the United States. But do you think its fair to say that if you had stronger Background Checks and all that kind of stuff, it would also make a big difference in terms of the violence and the entire way in which the border has become so militarized. So pervaded by gangs and cartels. Stronger gun laws would help anything that increases gun safety in the would help however, i do not think that we can only use laws to solve this problem because as long as there is demand for guns isnt the United States, there will be supplied. This is how illicit economies work that said, if we made it more difficult for Organized Crime Groups together, hand of truckloads of ammunition in texas or arizona and Ammunition Sales or even less regulated or not regulated entirely compared to guns then there will be fewer Police Officers killed in mexico. There would be less than security in mexico. So there is a direct connection such a pleasure if hear from you. This is a site of this that i think none of us have paid enough attention to thank you very much thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. I will see you next week adrenaline. Just like every turn my. Shot of adrenaline right to the heart f. 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