Home to more than 0.5 billion people, the Mediterranean region is warming 20% faster than the global average. Consequently, the projected impacts of climate change in this region include further aridity and drought, frequent wildfires, and significant sea level rise. Additionally, hotspots of climate migration may appear as early as 2030, as both coastal and inland communities are facing additional pressure on food security. Historically, the Mediterranean region is also home to multilayered spheres of influence, driven by numerous economic, political, and military dimensions.