And, yeah, i think the 95 quote has not been helpful, particularly for children and young people. When is a refugee not a refugee . The Home Secretary says discrimination because youre a woman or gay doesnt mean you deserve International Protection. Theres a Refugee Crisis in the caucasus, as nearly 30,000 Ethnic Armenians flee the disputed territory of Nagorno Karabakh. Will have the latest from here in armenia, where refugees are still streaming across the border from Nagorno Karabakh. Like my friend napoleon, and i go and i do whatever im told to. Dramatic music plays. And David Mccallum, the man from uncle, has died at the age of 90. And on newsnight at 10 30 well go deeper behind the headlines and speak live to key players on todays big stories, plus a first look at tomorrows front pages. Good evening. We begin with the controversy over the growing number of under 18s who are vaping. A leading paediatrician now says the Public Health message suggesting that vapes are a lot safer than cigarettes has failed children and needs to be changed. Like smoking, vaping is illegal for under 18s, but data suggests a growing number of people are doing it, and doctors are sounding the alarm, saying there hasnt been enough research into the long term effects. The claim that vaping is 95 safer than cigarettes has informed Government Policy for many years, but the fear is too many children who would never have smoked are now addicted to e cigarettes. 0ur health editor, hugh pym, has our top story. He was out of it. Theyd morphined him up, such was his pain. Ians13 year old son was rushed to a e one night with serious stomach pains. The doctor came in and said, we cannot find anything wrong with you. Hes not the only parent to be told by doctors that their childrens symptoms could be linked to vaping. Thats when she said, are you doing any drugs . She said that theyve had other teenagers in, complaining of various ailments. The common denominator is the vaping. I was horrified. Hes never smoked a cigarette in his life, but hes vaping regularly and ive found that hes addicted to vaping. And, the more i looked into it, the more i realised that hes not alone. Theres Ongoing Research on whether children who vape are more likely to smoke. Doctors are also seeing an increase in children with persistent coughs, Bronchitis Type symptoms and, in some cases, severe lung collapse, though the numbers are small. There are many children and young people who have taken up vaping who never intended to smoke and are now likely addicted to vaping. And i think its absolutely shocking that weve allowed that to happen. He says this Public Health message from 2015, stating that vaping is 95 safer than smoking, has had unexpected consequences. It was aimed at adults trying to give up cigarettes and not meant to encourage children to take up vaping. The figure was headlined when an official report was published. Some critics raised questions about the evidence behind it. And we have, you know, its almost like an epidemic of people, young people vaping out there. So i think the messaging hasnt worked. Weve got it wrong, and that means we have to change. And, yeah, i think the 95 quote has not been helpful, particularly for children and young people. Professor anne mcneil was one of the co authors of the original report. The 95 figure was still mentioned in an update she co wrote last year, though she says not to suggest zero risk. Well, that wasnt what it was intended to convey. It was never intended to communicate theyre safe. It was intended, though, to say that, you know, theres a big difference in the harms of these products. The figure is still used today by the Vaping Industry to promote its products. Anne mcneil says she warned the government about the rise in youth vaping a few years ago, including that children were being given free vapes because of a legal loophole. We alerted the government about the risks of vaping to young people as soon as we started to see the uptick in youth vaping. We were clear what we saw there was a loophole in the legislation as well. I think onlyjust recently they have announced that that loophole will be closed. Still works. The bbc has been investigating youth vaping. Recent tests on illegal vapes confiscated from a school found unsafe amounts of metals that could be inhaled into child ren� s lungs. This device was found to have high levels of lead, nickel and chromium. Since they emerged in 2005, e cigarettes have evolved. Today, there are thousands of flavours and varying nicotine levels, along with a flourishing black market. The 95 figure is out of date. But i think what we need to be very clear about is that the risks of vaping are still very clearly much less than the risks of cigarette smoking. Mike mckean also believes vaping is an option for smokers trying to give up but says the overall approach has been wrong. It feels like weve put all our eggs in one basket and said, this is the way to tackle cigarette smoking. And ifeel weve neglected children and young people by sort of embracing something almost too much without the real, proper thought. I am concerned about young people taking up vaping, particularly those whove never smoked. I think we need to better understand why they are doing that, what it is thats attracting them to these products. And i think we should be encouraging them to stop. The government says measures to tackle youth vaping in england will be unveiled soon. The scottish and welsh governments have called for a ban on disposable vapes. Experts agree theres still no long term evidence on the safety of e cigarettes. The challenge is to emphasise the potential value to hardened smokers, while also underlining the dangers for teenagers taking up the habit. Hugh pym, bbc news. The Home Secretary, Suella Braverman, has used a speech to an american think tank to question whether International Rules on the rights of refugees are fit for the modern age. She argues the definition of what constitutes someone being a refugee has shifted, and that the fear of discrimination for being gay or being a woman, for example, shouldnt be enough to qualify for International Refugee protection. Mark easton has that story. Just a few miles from where the Home Secretary made her speech today, International Powers met in 191m to debate the idea of universal human rights. But Suella Braverman came to washington to argue that the Refugee Convention that followed doesnt make sense in a world ofjet travel and the internet. It is therefore incumbent upon politicians and thought leaders to ask whether the Refugee Convention and the way it has come to be interpreted through our courts is fit for our modern age or in need of reform. Today, he and his kind are leaving their homes as evacuees. More than 60 Million People were displaced by the Second World War and World Leaders agreed a Refugee Convention, promising protection to those who couldnt return to their country of origin because of a Well Founded Fear of persecution. The Home Secretary argues persecution no longer means what was intended. We have created a system of almost infinite supply, incentivising millions of people to try their luck, knowing full well that we have no capacity to meet more than a fraction of the demand. There is undoubtedly a growing global challenge. Over the last 50 years, the number of extra people seeking International Protection each year has increased to more than 10 million, according to the united nations, and the countries which host the most refugees are turkey, 3. 6 million, iran, 3. 4 million, colombia, 2. 5 million. The uk has around 230,000. So does this mean the current asylum model is broken, or that the need for it is even greater . The guardians of the Refugee Convention and the rights of those seeking asylum are the Un High Commission for refugees. They fear the Home Secretarys intervention may undermine International Consensus on displaced people. Certainly, it is something we are concerned about. We are always concerned whenever the relevance of the convention is called into question. If the Home Secretarys ideas became reality, what impact would that have on people fleeing persecution . Certainly more restrictive interpretations of the convention would become extremely risky. The Home Secretary told her us audience Uncontrolled Migration presented an Existential Threat to Western Culture and that the asylum rules were far too generous. We will not be able to sustain an Asylum System if, in effect, simply being gay or a woman or fearful of discrimination in your country of origin is sufficient to qualify for protection. However, research by bbc verify shows that less than 2 of Asylum Seekers to the uk last year included Sexual Orientation as part of their claim, and most of those came from pakistan, bangladesh and nigeria, where same sex relationships are punishable by Life Imprisonment or even death. I think the Home Secretary has totally failed to tackle the tories asylum chaos. So she is ramping up the rhetoric and looking around for someone else to blame. Suella braverman� s speech is not about changing uk policy, yet, but with polls suggesting the tories are likely to lose the next election, her comments will boost her popularity with right wingers, ahead of what some anticipate will be a bitter fight for the soul of the tory party. Mark easton, bbc news. 0ur political correspondent, damian grammaticas, is at westminster. 0n on that last point that mark made, the Home Secretary was chris speech was delivered in america but some are suggesting the intended audience was a bit closer to home. I are suggesting the intended audience was a bit closer to home. Was a bit closer to home. I think it certainly is was a bit closer to home. I think it certainly is if was a bit closer to home. I think it certainly is. If you was a bit closer to home. I think it certainly is. If you take was a bit closer to home. I think it certainly is. If you take the was a bit closer to home. I think it certainly is. If you take the home | certainly is. If you take the Home Secretary at face value, she wants to look at the possibility of rewriting the Refugee Convention that would be a massive task, needing 153 countries to agree at the un to stop as one tory mp said today, it will be tortuous and generate more headlines than outcomes, and that may be a hint at another possible motive. The newspapers will be writing about this, and her speech was pretty wide ranging. She talked about uncontrolled immigration being an Existential Threat to the west, multiculturalism, she said, was a misguided dogma, that had failed. She said it was a toxic cocktail. That has generated quite a lot of discussion already. Some tory mps and others are saying that this is divisive and awful, others supportive. We know this speech was signed off by Downing Street. We know Downing Street was looking for issues that will be distinctive ahead of an election, and immigration is one of those to the labour saying this is a distraction from years of failure. President biden is thought to be the first sitting us president To Havejoined a picket line. Today he stood in solidarity with striking car workers in michigan in what the white house described as a historic first. He used a megaphone to address members of the United Auto Workers union in wayne county who are taking industrial action over pay. Heres our north america editor, sarah smith. Joe biden clearly feels at home here, supporting Striking Union members byjoining them on the picket line. He is the first sitting us president to do that as far as anyone can ever, anyway. Hes living up to his boast that he is the most pro Union American president in history. Wall street didnt build the country, the middle class built a country. The unions built the middle class. Cheering. Thats a fact. So lets keep going, you deserve what youve earned, and youve earned a hell of a lot more than you get paid now. Applause and cheering. He is of course looking to earn their votes votes that in key states like michigan could make all the difference in next years president ial election. Some are looking for him to do more than just show up. Hes got a lot of work to do, the uaw hasnt endorsed him yet, well see if he puts that work in. Hes the first president in us history to join a picket line, thats doing something . That is doing something, that is doing something. But we need a little bit more. 12 days into this strike, the auto workers are demanding higher wages and a shorter working week. A married couple, michelle and lyle mund, both work full time at this gm plant yet they say they are struggling since inflation has eroded their wages. And what is it like as a family trying to survive on what you make at the moment . Its tough to tell your kids no, nobody wants to tell their kids no. Like, no, we cant go do that, i know yourfriend goes and does that, were in a different situation than they are. Thats tough. I dont want to have to tell my kids no anymore, i want whats deserved to us. We work most weeks six days a week anywhere from 8 12 hours a day, and then optional sundays on top of that. So, i work second shifts, i see my kids generally one day a week. President biden sees Union Members as his natural constituency, hes been supporting them all of his political life. But donald trump also likes to position himself as being on the side of blue collar americans, and he, too, is coming to detroit to appeal to the auto workers. Its becoming a battle over who can really claim to be a champion for the working class. In a prime time speech tomorrow, donald trump will say hes the only one whose policy will protectjobs in car manufacturing. Union members are more likely to support trump than just about any previous republican candidate. Its one more sign of how hes rewritten the rules of american politics. In the last few minutes theres been a development regarding legal action involving donald trump. Sara, bring us up to date with whats just happened. Sara, bring us up to date with whatsjust happened. I sara, bring us uptodate with whatsjust happened. Sara, bring us uptodate with whatsjust happened. Whats ust happened. I udge in a civil whatsjust happened. I udge in a civil trial whatsjust happened. I udge in a civii iriai in whatsjust happened. I udge in a civil trial in new h whatsjust happened. Ijudge in a civil trial in new york has whatsjust happened. Ijudge in a civil trial in new york has ruled i civil trial in new york has ruled that donald trump has lied about the value of his assets, inviting them to try and get cheaper loans, that he basically exaggerated his wealth by over 2 million by lying about what buildings, hotels, golf clubs were worth. Even vastly exaggerated the size and value of his own apartment in new york. This case will now go forward to a civil trial in new york next week over other charges of fraud relating to the trump 0rganization. If found guilty, it could be facing a 250 million fine. This is quite separate from the Criminal Cases, the four different Criminal Cases donald trump is also facing. Different Criminal Cases donald trump is also facing. Sarah, thank ou. A Refugee Crisis is developing in armenia with more than 28,000 people fleeing the disputed enclave of Nagorno Karabakh. It follows a Military Operation last week by the azerbaijanis to retake the region after months of tension. Internationally Nagorno Kara Bakh is recognised as part of azerbaijan but for decades Ethnic Armenians have controlled large parts of the territory. 0ur correspondent Sarah Rainsford has more from The Border Town of goris. The slow roll out of their homeland. This is a journey no one squeezed into these vehicles ever imagined they would make. Ethnic armenians fleeing Nagorno Karabakh on whatever transport they could find. Its a week since azerbaijan seized back the enclave. It did promise to protect the armenian majority there but no one we found dared believe that. Instead, they flooded here, to armenia. We met this family of seven who had crammed their whole lives into a few cases. Hungry and exhausted after more than a day crushed into one car. And still reeling from what theyve had to give up. Translation it was tough there but it was our land, for generations. Armenian land. Now today we are here, we are homeless. Armenia initially prepared to host 40,000 refugees. It could be facing many more. The cars keep coming through the mountains. There are still hundreds of people leaving Nagorno Karabakh every single hour. People whove left behind their homes and their land and almost everything they own. And ive not met a Single Person whos told me they think theyre ever going back. This isnt a temporary evacuation, its an exodus. We cant get to karabakh from armenia now that azerbaijan is in control there, but a local journalist we called. Told me everyone he knows plans to leave, as soon as the giant traffic jams die down. Translation there was a war, but things were really hard before that, too. So, people didnt really think long about whether to stay or go. They decided to leave. Because we lost. It was a capitulation. So, what could we do . In a nearby town, theres now a desperate crush for information and for aid from people who suddenly have nothing. There are donations, though not much, and no clear picture on where all these people will end up. And many are still shaken by two days of shelling last week. As azerbaijan retook karabakh by force, melina and her grandchildren huddled in their cellar. Shes now had to tell them they wont be going home because shes scared to live under azerbaijani rule. So, theyve joined the crowds now heading into uncertainty. As the face of Nagorno Karabakh is transformed. Well, this is of course a human story at its core but it is also a political one and i think it is fair to say that the Ethnic Armenians of Nagorno Karabakh might not have lost control so quickly there had russia not reduced its support both for them and for armenia. And there are multiple reasons for that, but one of them is very much russias focus instead on its invasion of ukraine. Now, there is a lot to unpack there of course but still human terry in question is key i can tell you that tonight here at this Reception Centre in goris there are still a large number of people, people still arriving, in cars packed with refugees and we are expecting that number to increase again tomorrow. That is a human story indeed. Sarah rainsford there on the border between armenia and azerbaijan, thank you. The speaker of Canadas Parliament has resigned after sparking outrage by publicly praising a former nazi soldier who had been invited to the chamber and given a standing ovation. Anthony rota said he did not know of yaroslav hunkas nazi ties and made a mistake in inviting him to the event. And made a mistake. I reiterate my profound regret for my error in recognising an individual in the house during the joint address to parliament of president zelensky. That public recognition has caused pain to individuals and communities. Five people accused of being part of a russian spy Ring Operating in the uk have appeared in court. The bulgarian nationals whove been living in the uk for a number of years are all alleged to have conspired in Gathering Information that would be useful to an enemy. Its claimed they carried out surveillance on people and places targeted by russia between august 2020 and february 2023. Heres daniel de simone. These are the five people accused of operating as a russian spy ring in the uk. The bulgarian nationals have lived in britain for years some had apparently normaljobs. But today a court heard they are accused of secretly working as spies, carrying out surveillance on people and places targeted by russia. The alleged surveillance activities are said to have been for the apparent purpose of assisting russia to conduct hostile action including the potential abduction of targeted individuals. Prosecutors say the spy cells Operations Hub was this now Closed Seaside guest house in Great Yarmouth in norfolk. The occupier, former businessman 0rlin Roussev, is said to have managed the cell, allegedly sending its members out on Surveillance Operations in the uk and europe. 0rlin Roussev is said to have been directed from abroad by a man known as jan marsalek. Hes not charged and is wanted in germany in a majorfraud case. Hes now believed to be in russia. Keep abreast of the situation. 0h, big left hand one of the alleged spies, ivan stoyanov, is a one time mixed martial arts fighter. Ivan the destroyer stoyanov the defendants have yet to enter pleas and have been remanded in custody to appear at the old bailey in london next month. Daniel de simone, bbc news. The leader of the Liberal Democrats, sir ed davey, says the british people are desperate for change. In a speech at the partys conference in bournemouth he attacked the governments record on the nhs and made a call for Cancer Patients to have a legal right to start treatment within two months of an urgent referral. Chris mason watched the speech. The Liberal Democrats are asking you to give them a look. They have just 15 mps, but theyve found their smiles again. Party leader ed davey used to be in government with the conservatives. Now, he cant stop criticising them. Theyre more like a bad tv soap than a functioning government. The factions and the feuds, the personal vendettas, the shock exits and unwelcome returns. This whole conservative shambles they all have to go. The partys focus is the cost of living, the quality of our water and the health service. His reflections on the nhs included a deeply personal moment, losing first his dad, then his mum, to cancer. I was 15 when she died. Theyd put her on a totally unsuitable Dementia Ward in nottingham general hospital. I was visiting her on my way to school in my School Uniform by her bedside when she died. He said he wanted a new legal right in england to get Cancer Treatment within two months of an urgent referral. Ed davey got his biggest round of applause when he criticised the governments brexit deal. Its up to us to lead the way. A better economy, a Better Future with europe. Applause. But the lib dems are no longer talking up trying to get back into the European Union any time soon, concluding its not a priority to the voters they want to woo. The british people are desperate for change. Desperate for a fair deal and we are the ones who can make it happen. So lets get to it. This is a party that feels like its got its mojo back. They know who theyre targeting and where theyre targeting the tories, primarily in the south of england. You know, i counted more than 25 references to the conservative party in that speech, just a handful to labour that tells you everything about their strategy. Ive been going to conferences for years and this is one of the best. Theres a lot of rage, but that also inspires a huge amount of enthusiasm. Theres a thirst for campaigning, so lets hope it works. Their challenge now turning enthusiasm into votes and getting noticed. Chris mason, bbc news, in bournemouth. He found fame as a man from u. N. C. L. E, playing the mysterious russian agent Illya Kuryakin in the 1960s American Television series. Well, now, the actor David Mccallum has died at the age of 90. His career spanned six decades beginning in radio and taking in films including the great escape. Most recently he found new audiences, as dr mallard the medical examiner in the us crime drama ncis. David sillito looks back at his life. Dramatic music plays. For a certain generation, David Mccallum was and always will be Illya Kuryakin, from the man from u. N. C. L. E. Like my friend napoleon, i go and i do whatever im told to. Quiet, enigmatic, good looking. Just a wave and a rare smile were enough for the hundreds of teenage fans who found david irresistible. The fan worship was rather overwhelming for an actor who was himself quiet, thoughtful and serious. The background that i had made me very reticent, very, er. Very scots. I think this is where the word dour comes from. That youre not, you dont show emotion, its a very inhibiting thing. 50 years later, he was once again back in prime time as dr donald ducky mallard in ncis. 0ur victim succumbed to a cerebral embolism here in the parietal lobe. I also found a number of clots. If you wanted someone who looked as though they could solve fiendishly complicated mysteries, he was your man. And he loved doing the research to make it look convincing. Clots will develop over a period of minutes or hours. See you in piccadilly scotts bar. His career also took in the great escape, colditz and the strange Science Fiction of sapphire steel. Take it downstairs. And burn it. Dramatic music. He was also a musician, he released this in the 60s. Plucked riff plays. Which was later sampled by. Dr dre and snoop dogg. But nothing ever really topped the man from u. N. C. L. E. David mccallum in the cold war, he was the wests favourite russian agent. The actor David Mccallum, whos death was announced today. Before we get the weather, there were certainly some heavy showers around today in bristol where englands cricketers had theirfinal match of their one day series against ireland abandoned due to this torrential downpour. England were 280 4 when the rain stopped play. England won the series 1 0 after rain affected another of the games. Time for a look at the weather, heres chris. Is it going to get any better, chris fawkes . No, clive. This is the calm before the storm in many respects, clive, because we are going to be talking in a significant way about storm agnes which will be bringing some very strong range i received tomorrow. 0ver some very strong range i received tomorrow. Over the last few hours, it looks like the peak of this storm, coming through in the next few hours, latest models suggest the winds could gust up to 120mph with this. Thankfully, those ferocious winds will stay well away from land, but actually as low pressure works across the Republic Of Ireland and the uk, the low pressure will be weakening. The winds, Strong Enough to bring some disruption but nothing particularly out of the ordinary for such a storm. 0vernight tonight, a few showers across scotland, otherwise it is dry. A cooler night for northern areas, milder conditions for the rest of england and wales and turning quite breezy in the south west. Tomorrow we see a swathe of potentially disruptive winds coming in around the irish sea coasts, gusting up
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