Article: Walter J. Ong versus Pope Francis (REVIEW ESSAY) - In recently published remarks, Pope Francis characterizes conservative anti-Francis American Catholics as being backward-looking -- not forward-looking as he sees himself. But he himself is not sufficiently backward-looking regarding the Doctrine of Discovery. The American Jesuit scholar Walter J. Ong (1912-2003; Ph.D. in English, Harvard University, 1955) suggests that we need to be both backward-looking and forward-looking.