Transcripts For ALJAZ Counting 20240704

A see a lot of these at least the middle of the dishwasher that is a full vision not release a single position that needs and extend the found the husband sentence to an additional 19 years behind bars. Hes been convicted of extremism charges. Is this the prison sentence adding to the us . Hes all very searching for approval violations, fraud and contempt to quote the training such as naval james of hits a russian ports and damage the ship and the black sea breakfast as the attack was repelled if all this week. So strikes against the printing ports are easier if his government has declared a state of emergency in the northern im 100 region. Most of the days of fighting between the military and arms grew a 2 year conflict in the neighboring region of to grow. I ended in november, 2 palestinians had been killed and separate incidents in the occupied westbank confronted a 19 year old, died off to confronting his very settlers who attend the village of the city of the tool. Com. Is there any forces . Shelton killed an 18 year old. They say fired on them and family members of those killed or injured and that they route 4th explanation. 3 years ago had been demonstrating new official has been held to account those of headlines counting, the cost is up next to stay with us here. What else . How does the team from a smaller league drove the bigger crowds . Why does the irish flag fly size out of school . Shes club. What is it about celtic that has the world over sealing them all . All of texasfootball. With the a pre estimate around the world, the defends, who makes football . On the im, adrian said again. And this is counting the cost on, ill just say are your we can look at the world of business and economics this week, taking the chip pull up a notch by jane has started to restrict the export of to materials used in the manufacturing of semiconductors. Also this we economic sanctions at a hope to aid after a ministry to in this. Yeah. Millions of people then one of the worlds poor stations, who would pay the price of egypt is trying some new dollars back into its financial system. With higher returns on savings. Will bank help to ease the nations foreign currency crunch . They are used in everything from electric cars to tvs, wind turbines, and military hardware. Semi conduct is now considered as crucial to Economic Production as oil in the us is why the china could use us Chip Technology to further develop its ministry. Power up it on fails, sweeping export controls in october to prevent paging from getting the most advanced one step, knock the stock of tip for type trade restrictions and up to the geo political rifle rate. And its most recent. Both china has begun to restrict the export of industry critical materials. Ill just say, wheres the training . He reports from paging. The staging market sells nearly every electronic product you can think of. And many of them contain gallium. Enter medium rule materials, critical for the development of semi conduct as china is the Worlds Largest supply of both and foreign by as well. Now have to apply for licenses to purchase them. The seller says the move is fair to guys out there is a ride. The china has this restriction, we dont have countermeasures. America will continue to put sanctions on china. China as with the vinyl, its own taking all the to foster to make our country stronger. The export control is aging is response to wide range and us restrictions targeting Chinese Technology funds. The price of these rule materials has arisen in recent weeks. Chinese analysts say the aging is sending a warning to the united states, but putting export controls on dominion. Gallium, and this could just see the beginning of restrictions on all the critical for materials. Multinational Companies Say theyve been quote in the geo political crossfire between the 2 superpowers. Business confidence has eroded. Order and make is all particularly concerned. Many firms are being forced to separate supply chains, which is hurting the bottom line. One is about to do that. The most of them are the other a just kind of for china, were losing this. It doesnt make sense. Ready the vice duplications are expensive, it implies that needed to have a certain volume in order to be competitive from china. When you find most affordable options. A lot, i think a little bit are on the locally, which can be expensive. So, so that theres additional bibles for which it is concerning. Plus some european funds are exploring. Non chinese sources of will materials in case of an escalation isnt 70. Theres a freak about it. Um, does it need to risk any uncertainties look good for business . It means that the investment says, you know, some prime and decisions and they, they are going to be affected by the aging system of protects china is National Security and does not target any 3rd party to me that youve seen it. Is that International Practice to implement the export control of gallium editor, manian related items. These items are commonly controlled by major countries in the world. But state media is say the us as Defense Industry is likely to suffer germanium and gallium. I used in adults radar systems, warships and ground installations. Washington says it also wants to keep American Technology out of reach of china is forces. Where is the and import . Us is insistent that the china is a threat. Theyre trying to contain it. Were saying were not going to let you have quote, our technology, but its not just us technology. Theyre also going to japan, theyre going to holland and saying dont sell china any equipment in 2010 trying to impose the bad and also cold red earth exports to japan. After a dispute sparked by bush and collision. If they didnt choose to implement the controls, the price of helpless devices, including smartphones, laptops and solar panels could rise. Katrina, you the counting, the cost aging. Joining us now from seattle is alex car pretty who is cd electra at the National University of single pool business school. Good to see you again. Alex. So the export controls on these, these 2 red minerals, gallium and germanium of come into effect. Whats gonna be the impact on markets and companies that need these, these materials . Well, 1st of all, theyre actually not that rare. Um, you know, theyre, theyre, there are alternate sources um, now initially because so much of this processing is taking place in china. The, the, the initial reaction from the markets will be, of course, a spike in price. But its also going to trigger a move towards accelerated, be risking from the supply chains. Its going to spark um, alternative processing and sourcing and in, in, in other parts of the world. So i think, i think short term there could be an impact, but mid to long term we will see the supply chains correct themselves. So this could in a, in a way, back 5 for china. Oh, no, absolutely. And i think the 4 runner to this event happened 10 years ago when we looked at, at various when, when china effectively cut off and, and also impose controls on rivers to a lot of the western countries. So, so that was 10 years ago when china controlled about 98 percent of so called rare minerals, which again are not that rare. Um, now if we fast forward a decade, that chinas percentage of, of that market has dropped from about 98 percent back in 2010 to somewhere in the mid 60 percentiles. And also, you know, were seeing the risking and were seeing accelerated. Um, uh, you know, spreading of, of, of the, of the new assets and, and the processes around the world. So this is only going to further accelerate. This is this restructuring, if you will, even even a friend shoring, as some people have described it when it comes to looking for new. Now shes looking for this new sources, but setting up the processing in places like australia, canada, united states, even europe is now shifting. Okay, what about looking at the, the, the, the other way up to the export controls imposed by it by the us. Its been a way for china to get around those. Well, you know, this is, were obviously in, in a new era and, and were recovering relatively New Territory when it comes to this, this, this, this reorganization, if you will, of, of Key Technology supply chains at the bottom end, which, which of course includes 70 conductors and then also the supply chain at the top end, which includes these, these, these minerals and these Critical Minerals and rares that weve been talking about. But for the us, uh, the u. S. Is in a much stronger position along with its, with its allies and particularly the group of 5 countries in, in the Semi Conductor value chain, which of course would be japan, south korea, taiwan, u. S. And the netherlands. Um so, so the, the power structure in that regard is much more asymmetric when it comes to the us and its allies versus chinas ability to throw its weight around if you will. But to what extent is this a buying time game by the us . And theres no way ultimately that its gonna preserve its technological privacy in the long term. Is that as well . I think its, its, its a, its a matter of a couple of things. The 1st is, yes its, its a, its a stalling tactic. Its, its a way of essentially slowing down chinas capabilities when it comes to leading Edge Technologies and the around do use technologies. These are to, of course, technologies that are commercial but can be applied for military purposes. At the same time, what were seeing is a, a re focusing if you will, in the us and other countries around innovation mercantilism you will, as for pushing their own capabilities and trying to push their lead out. But yes of, uh, you know, ultimately, and particularly around the trailing edge uh, and of the uh, of the value chain. When it comes to sending you doctors, we will see china eventually be able to, to really capture parts of that market. In the meantime, weve got this, but this results nationalism going on right now, where with, where does it in the tit for tat con, continue forever . Are kind of somehow this has got to be solved but how . Well, i, you know, i, i think the way it ends, you know, if we look, if we look at mid term, um, you know, the end of the next 5 years, you know, what well see is a continuation of what were seeing now. And that is essentially bifurcation of strategic supply chains such as weve been discussing and you know, in, on going trade in ongoing commerce around the less strategic, less sensitive areas. And in the long term you were talking 10 years from now. Were going to have a relatively fragmented localized or regionalized set of strategic eco systems that are going to be in place uh, whether its in north america, europe, china, and, or other parts of the world. Its always good to talk to you alex, manufacture date for being with us again. A pleasure. Thanks, adrian. No, theres, yeah, is one of the was porous nations. It relies heavily on phone financial help, but much of the age sent by western nations has been suspended. Following a military coup last week, the Economic Community of West African States echo was as imposed far reaching sanctions, including the whole tubal Financial Transactions and the freeze on national assets. Its also threatened on the dimension to restore order. Many people, india fit, the measures could less than that already done. Economic situation is what some of them had to say. The citizenship, which was show. I think the sections were initially taken of the heat of the moment and then apparently evicted by outside powers. Molly burkina, faso and guinea faced the same situation before, but they havent been sanctioned heavily. But these areas are going to have to tighten their belts. We will not get any poor that we have been in 13 years. We havent received a single frank from our oil. Weve been told its worthless, the risk tundra that caressed functions were expected because i believe that across as often. So i can sanctions against q leaders in this area. But these sanctions turned out not to be very heavy in fact, but in the case of news, yeah, i think were really going to suffer economically. Its going to be a very difficult time for the country. Joining us now from london is alex vines, hes the director of Africa Program with the managing director of ethics, risk and resilience at to try some house to tell you with this again, alex and what sort of state is this is economy right now . I miss your economy is incredibly vulnerable. As youve mentioned, its very dependent on International Assistance around 2000000000. 00 a. Yeah, weve outs it. Its really in trouble. The economy is based on rank, federal culture depends on variable rang buttons in particular, production and coughing. For example and various products, and then it is a uranium produce us 5 percent of black will supply comes from you have from these. Yeah. But its very easy for International Markets to, to switch to catholic style. And canada even though may be a. So and then theres a bit of oil production, most of the mainstays of the economy. As me said, michelle has already one of the poorest nations on the planet. How are sanctions and restrictions on age go to west and the plains of its people . Yeah, so its interesting that a couple of days ago the other ministry jumps has in the regions that theyve wasnt um, you know, they stood in solidarity with, with, with the military juncture in, in, in the, i mean, it was striking also that the newton is here in that jump to i think its borders with books, you know fast. So molly, um and uh and algeria and also charged um, only the border with nigeria remains closed, which of course is the one that the jumps are ready, worries about because um nigeria represents the biggest military power in west africa and also present to new booth the president of nigeria is the chair vehicle watson is the one that says talk sanctions are happening. And if you dont release mr. Presume unreturned constitutional rule. Weve been a week, we have very seriously considering military action against you. But of this sanctions only got us of to push to share posts at the moscow. I mean, the frontage of the demonstrations and support of the purchase has had individual brandishing russian flags and, and you know, shopping, you know, long live rusher and so on. I, i think thats necessarily indicative of a great ground spell as opposed to russia. But it does exemplify the ambivalence towards frost. So using symbols or rush or uh, another way of being expressing an anti french cents a month. I do think thats what this is about. But yes, you know, most of the criminal is looking at opportunities. If you look at what happened this time last week you had the, the russia, africa summit. And the jump to leaders from west africa where were guess savannah. Um and so that is telling you something so, but the sanctions in, in cases such as of these where, where theres been a bit of recruit today till they actually do what theyve designed to do to they walk. Yeah, thats a good question and i do have experience as is this, i was a un sanctions inspection this inspect for over 10 years in west africa for the u. N. A. And im functions kind of work for particular models. They dont work over over long periods. Of time so they can be targeted and they can be effective. The threat to them can also change behavior. But we, im not sure that the e commerce sanctions have been particularly effective. Certainly not. They havent this much to the, you know, the drugs and, and booking of fossil guinea and, and, and molly and they have not been listed on, on mollys, for example, last year. Because they were possibly having a, you know, a impact and, and the hitting the, the, the, the civilian population too much indiscriminately. So i do think this is why a car wash is actually realistic in the sanctions. Are a statement. They will turn the screws, but really is the threat of ministry action, but is the one thats frightening the military dictatorships in the region at the moment, because thats a new departure. We havent seen that on the title really seriously. For about 50 years, alex, so stay with this talk. Ill come back to in just a moment. But you mentioned uranium this year is one of the worlds biggest produces of uranium, which of course, fuels, things like Nuclear Power stations. The nation produce more than 2000 tons of hybrid uranium last year. Thats 5 percent. As alex was saying of global output. Frances heavily reliance on Nuclear Energy and is unit supplies and estimated 15 percent of the nations uranium that you have was the 2nd largest supply of the element to the e. U. Last year, the blog and the french government. So the, if supply is suddenly stopped, they do have a few years worth of uranium stocks. What has been the impact that we mentioned, the stock pot of you ready in front of the you, but what has been the impact on, on the radium market so far, alex is the situation ultimately go effect frances Nuclear Power industry process has designed diversification of you radium supply, given just how important nuclear is for french at energy supply, 75 percent of their energy on the civil energy. And so i dont think that the new jack process will protect the impact them. There is a, uh, you know, spread thing of Uranium Price is a little bit, as i mentioned in the markets. But, but news here is expensive to produce, even though it has a vast uranium assets. It is only 5 percent of global supply. And so there are, as i already mentioned, countries like has expand canada, australia indeed, even though maybe i could step in on this. So i dont think this will just disrupt either French Energy supply or, or the ones. What it will do is did nice the money for the new gerry in a government because how are you going to be able to export when youre writing . And if the countries on the assumptions alex is always great to talk to you on the calendar of acosta was learn something near manufacturing date for being with us. Alex finds that a lot. Thank you. Now rising that record inflation and the depreciation currency. Egypt is facing one of its worst Economic Crises and decades, was by the full hours of rushes. If nation of ukraine was pushed up prices, the government is struggling to pay for inputs in foreign currency on the black market for dollars is driving. Egypt biggest states own glendas seem to be trying to circumvent pass the National Bank of egypt and bank miss are issued to new savings certificates in us dollars for 3 years. The 1st offers an annual return rate of 9 percent to be paid upfront in egyptian pounds. The 2nd extensive 70 percent annual yield paid quarterly in dollars. The government has promised to apply a flexible Foreign Exchange rate as part of a 3000000000. 00 loan from the International Monetary fund. Or how does announce the sale of a 1900000000. 00 worth of state assets . Meanwhile, egypt is suffering from a power shortage of the consumption surge. During the recent heat wave, the government is rationing electricity and increasing fuel oil imports to ease the load on electricity net book. And its aust civil 7th to work from home one day a week to east a month. Well talk more about this from washington dc. We are joined now by american f. A brook. Shes the director of the agents and for the Africa Program at the middle east is that you for a good to have you with us. What do you make up these, these. Ringback moves in egypt and when the new dollar denominated certificates help to little dollars back and i dont what cost they might help new dollars back. But what youre talking about is its not a drop in the ocean, but it isnt enough. They very well may bring back the oldest velocity because they did like this for a domestic currency to extremely well. All right, so what does egypt need to do to solve its hard currency crunch . It needs Foreign Direct Investment and it needs it foster. The problem is, this kind of problem is usually self defeating and that you have less hard currency on the market. People start to hold, it is even less that they told the market and so on. So what you are really talking about is a bit of a crisis and confidence and lots of hard currency the, the to, to go to dont go well together. So what he just needs is time to be able to bring on that f d i. And its, its capable of doing so it, it has a dies. Busy and valuable assets and it has a lot to offer. But um, its the, the, i think the economy is now in stock straits that everything needs to be put in fast forward. And thats why the difficulty is as part of all of this, that the, the agent to secure the live airflow is a, but its pretty small, really. Um, is it, is it actually going to make any difference . So the value of the i am ass loans isnt usually the amount of money it is in. In this case, its a 3000000000. 00 loan. Its not about the 3000000000. 00 loan. Its about the i m. S saying we think this country is safe enough for other people to be able to invest in. So its, its about the, the of the certificate of approval that goes with it if you like. But as part of this time, if deal, egypt has agreed to, to sell some state assets and pledged to a free float. The Exchange Rates as well. Well, what state assets is it going to shut off in it . And this is free flushing the Exchange Rate actually going to help it. It wasnt so much about selling all state and state test its, its about the state. Im taking a step back from, from the economy. Im allowing the private sector to do it still. So it has lots of assets that it can sell and its actually out on pages for them to be sold because many of them are bloated. Im priest floating the exchange. Now if youre to pose the value of the currency several times at the moment, you wont be able to devalue anymore because, but just isnt the hard currency available to be able to, to back that a back, another devalue ation off and theres a moment the currency is, is holding a stable on official markets. The black market is another matter of course, presidency shows that he, he wasnt going to do the value of the currency anyway because of the impact that it has on, on people. But hes getting a certain amount of pressure from, from investors in the gulf to do something, isnt the, hes got he, theres been a lot of pressure from, from the gulf because the golf is germany as formerly, been extremely supportive of egypt financially. But it says its continues to wants to, to, to, it wants to continue to do so, but theyre there and now its no longer with no strings attached. They want to see reforms and, and most of the gulf countries now just coming in as investors. And they want to see returns on their investments. The president has said he caught the value anymore. And as a matter of fact, thats, thats actually correct at the moment. He called the date he, the central park called the value anymore because it would be really problematic because development and i think the i m f realizes that which is why theyre not pushing at the moment or not it may have to do so, you know, down the line but not now, but the birds. You mentioned that the, the, the black box in egypt. I mean, how big is the, is the black market . How much damage is it doing to, to agents bought some level. So its unlocked. Now the, the black market has sort of gone away for a long time, but its 3 much with the vengeance of that they get you crazy. Busy but you started getting less hot currency and more in um, and the economy, and i think there is about is over a 10 pound difference now between the one remarket and the power market. And what that means is people tend to hold that dollars and trade the whole market in im, you know, speculation of the evaluation all arising prices. So you, you have almost a power of system which is bad for any economy and difficult for an economy, a squished as egypt as a moment. But right has been really good to talk to you on cash in the cost many thanks, and thanks for being with us. All right, pleasure. And thats a show for this week. If youd like to comment on anything that youve seen, wed love to hear from you can treat me. Im at a set of goods on teresa trying to remember to use the hash tag h a c t c. When you do, you could also drop us a line counting, the cost of ours is 0. Dont net is our email address, as always as well for you online at aus 0 dot com slash ctc. That takes you straight to the homepage and then youll find individual reports links added time episodes via to catch up. But thats it for this edition of counting the cost i made for you instead of going from the whole team here at the thanks for being with us. But he is on, ill just be around this next the legacy of southern fitness, colonial histories samo, a blend of traditional music with western instrument, the interest of the super to now it goes in apartheid disused mines where a new illegal gold rush has taken home as organized crime, guns, battle for control of this lucrative industry feuds that started in some too often. And then bloodshed, the accordion morris on a jersey to the defense chase of west africa. Nations say theyve joined us. A plan for Ministry Intervention business has coolie is dont see how the them carry johnston. This is ill just hear a lot from so well set coming up. The russian quotes, sentences, criminal and critic and opposition need to the extent of